[Changes in the evaluation and treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy]. / Változások a jóindulatú prosztata megnagyobbodás megítélésében és gyógykezelésében.

The benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is regarded as a widespread disease "potentially prevalent among the masses" owing to the increase of men's age. Morbidity rises from the age of 50, it runs up to 80-85% and causes symptoms in 40-60% that must be treated. Research and technical development have resulted important changes in treatment of BPH in the last years. Operation is not the only possible choice of treatment today. Treatments with drugs and instruments can also be successful in eliminating the symptoms in BPH.

[Extension of the indications for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in a 3-year period]. / Extracorporális lökéshullám-veseközúzás indikációs körének kiterjesztése 3 éves idöszakban.

Since the May 1988, when the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy was initiated in Hungary, the indication has gradually enlarged. Elaborated methods for making better the radiological perceptibility, focusing and targeting of stones, and auxiliary endoscopic procedures have led to spread of indication. 80-85% of kidney- and ureteral stones needed intervention can be treated successfully by ESWL method.

[Experience with ESWL treatment of giant kidney and ureteral calculi (based on 1400 cases)]. / Nagyméretü vesekövek, valamint ureterkövek extracorporális lökéshullám (ESWL) kezelésével szerzett tapasztalataink (1400 kezelés tanulsága alapján).

On the basis of the treatment of 1400 patients who suffered from kidney and ureter stones we may conclude that 80-82% of the extractable stones can be treated with ESWL monotherapy. ESWL proved to be successful in almost every case where there were 2 or 3 cm large--or larger--kidney stones or stones at almost any part of the ureter. The extraction of the larger kidney stones can be helped with stent put up previously, nephrostome or repeated ESWL. We apply other invasive methods more and more rarely. The aiming and treatment of ureter stones which can be found at different parts of the ureter is better with adjuvant laying and diagnostic methods. In the case of staghorn calculi ESWL can be combined with percutaneous operations. In the case of large staghorn calculi traditional operations seem to be the most successful methods after which percutaneous treatment or ESWL can be performed if there are fragments left behind.

Renal cell carcinoma--xenotransplantation into immuno-suppressed mice.

21 human renal cell carcinomas (RCC) were xenotransplanted into artificially immunosuppressed mice. 4 tumors grew successfully retaining some characteristics of the primary tumors (according to morphology and karyotype analysis), but losing metastatic capacity. One of the serially transplantable tumors (HT 40) with hyperdiploid cellular DNA content and estrogen receptor positivity failed to respond to the single maximally tolerated dose of several cytotoxic agents.