[Relationship between PANTR1 and Imatinib Resistance of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line K562 and Its Related Mechanisms].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) PANTR1 and imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 and its mechanism. METHODS: K562 control cells (Control) and K562 imatinib resistant cells (ImR) were cultured. Two siRNA vectors targeting PANTR1 and control vectors were transfected into K562-ImR cells by lentivirus as ImR-siPA#1, ImR-siPA#2 and ImR-siControl cells, respectively. Imatinib semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) was detected by CCK-8 kit. The expression level of PANTR1, BCR/ABL, MDR, CD44 and CD133 mRNA were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR）, and the expression level of BCR/ABL, MDR, CD44 and CD133 protein were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Imatinib IC50 in ImR cells was significantly higher than that in control cells (P＜0.01), that of ImR-siPA#1 and ImR-siPA#2 cells were significantly lower than that in ImR-sicontrol cells (P＜0.01), but still significantly higher than that in control cells (P＜0.01). The mRNA expression level of PANTR1, BCR/ABL, MDR, CD44 and CD133 in ImR cells were significantly higher than those in control cells (P＜0.01). The mRNA expression level of PANTR1, MDR, CD44 and CD133 in ImR-siPA#1 and ImR-siPA#2 cells were significantly lower than those in ImR-siControl cells (P＜0.01), while the expression level of BCR/ABL mRNA was not significantly different (P＞0.05). The protein expression level of BCR/ABL, MDR, CD44 and CD133 in ImR cells were significantly higher than those in control cells, while the protein expression level of MDR, CD44 and CD133 in ImR-siPA#1 and ImR-siPA#2 were significantly lower than those in ImR-siControl cells. CONCLUSION: LncRNA PANTR1 can promote the expression of MDR and stem cell marker in chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562, and mediate imatinib resistance.

[Serum Level of MiR-609 and Its Clinical Prognostic Value in Patients with Thalassemia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the level of serum microRNA-609 and its clinical prognostic value in patients with thalassemia. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-seven patients with thalassemia treated in our hospital from April 2017 to April 2018 were selected, 100 healthy persons were selected as control group. The changes of miR-609 were analyzed by RT-PCR, the relationship between miR-609 and clinical indicators of thalassemia was analyzed, and the prognostic risk factors of thalassemia were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The relative expression level of miR-609 in thalassemia patients was 3.17±0.24, which was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The levels of ALT, Plt and MCH in patients with high expression of miR-609 were significantly higher than those in patients with low expression of miR-609 (P<0.05). The levels of Hb and sICAM-1 in patients with high expression of miR-609 were significantly lower than those in patients with low expression of miR-609 (P<0.05). There was no correlation between the level of miR-609 and the patient's sex, age and AST (P>0.05). The incidence rate of mild anemia in high expression group was significantly lower than that in low expression group (P<0.05). There was no correlation between the level of miR-609 and the incidence rate of moderate anemia (P>0.05). The number of patients with severe anemia in the miR-609 high expression group was higher than that in miR-609 low expression group (P<0.05). The incidence rate of dizziness, fatigue and fever in patients with miR-609 high expression group was significantly higher than those in patients with miR-609 low expression (P<0.05). There was no correlation between the level of miR-609 and the incidence rate of nausea in patients with thalassemia. ROC curve showed that the AUC value of microRNA-609 was 0.862, the sensitivity was 83.6%, and the specificity was 84.1%, which suggested that miR-609 had a high diagnostic value for thalassemia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that MCH and mir-609 were risk factors for poor prognosis of thalassemia patients. CONCLUSION: The increased level of serum miR-609 in patients with thalassemia is a risk factor for poor prognosis and can be used as a reference index for evaluating the efficacy for patients.

[Stable isotopes of zooplankton and their applications in the research of aquatic ecosystems]. / æµ®æ¸¸åŠ¨ç‰©ç¨³å®šç¢³ã€æ°®åŒä½ç´ ç‰¹å¾åŠå ¶åœ¨æ°´ç”Ÿæ€ç³»ç»Ÿç ”ç©¶ä¸­çš„åº”ç”¨.

Zooplankton plays a mediating role in the food web of aquatic ecosystems, the stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) of which have been widely used to study the utilization of food resources, material cycling pathways, and trophic relationships. The δ13C and δ15N values of zooplankton have been used to predict primary productivity, sources and sinks of pollutants and environmental changes. To better use δ13C and δ15N of zooplankton as ecological and environmental indicators, it is particularly important to understand their temporal and spatial variations and the influencing factors. Based on related literature, we synthesized spatial and temporal variations in δ13C and δ15N of zooplankton in different aquatic ecosystems and taxa groups, and the use of δ13C and δ15N indicators for ecological processes and environmental changes. The δ13C and δ15N of zooplankton are largely affected by its food sources, and its stable isotope compositions are in turn affected by primary productivity and nitrogen sources. We proposed that the combination of δ13C and δ15N in zooplankton with transportation and transformation of emerging pollutants would form a multi-means, multi-disciplinary and multi-scale research direction in the fields of earth science and biology.

[Analysis of Irregular Antibody Production in Severe ß-Thalassemia Children with long-term Blood Transtusion and Its Correlation with RH Gene and Anemia Gene Mutation Site].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of irregular antibodies in children with severe ß-thalassemia after long-term blood transfusion and its correlation with RH and anemia gene mutations site. METHODS: One hundred twenty children with severe ß-thalassemia and long-term blood transfusion were selected in our hospital, the genomic DNA was extracted and the genotype of RH factor were determined by PCR-SSP. The irregular antibodies and their types were screened and identified by the serological method, the gene types of the severe ß-thalassemia were analyzed by reverse dot blot hybridization on DNA chip and PCR amplification. RESULTS: The major of RH genotypes in 120 children were Ce/Ce (59.17%) and CE/ce (25%), among them 10 children possessed the positive irregular antibodies (8.33%), out of these 10 children, the genotypes of RH factor were Ce/Ce in 6 cases, cE/cE, CE/ce, cE/ce and Ce/ce in one case; among these 10 children with positive irregular antibodies, the anemia gene mutations were IVs-11654M in 2 cases, cD4142M in 6 cases, 28M in 1 case, and CD71-72M in 1 case. CONCLUSION: Irregular antibodies produced by regular blood transfusion in children with severe ß-thalassemia may be related with RH factor and anemia gene mutation sites.

[Comparison of Laboratory Indexes and Therapeutic Efficacy between Two Kinds of Different RBC Transfusion in AIHA Patients].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 2 kinds of red blood cells (RBC) on the laboratorial indexes and therapeutic efficacy of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). METHODS: The clinical data of 120 patients with AIHA from June 2015 to June 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. These 120 patients were divided into A goup and B group. The patients in A group (60 cases) were infused with washed RBC, while the patients in B group (60 cases) were infused with WBC-deplated RBC. The changes of laboratotial indexes, clinical symptoms and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups before treatment and at 24 hourse after treatment as well as the therapeutic efficacy and improvement status of clinical symptoms were compared. RESULTS: The RBC count and Hb level in 2 groups after treating for 1 day were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.01), while the TBIL level and reticulocyte (Ret) count were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.01). However, the RBC, Hb, TBIL levels and Ret count in 2 groups before and after treatment showed no statistical difference (P>0.05); the improvement of clinical symptoms, complex therapeutic efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups after treatment also showed no significantly difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Both washed and leukocyte-deplated RBC can alleviate the anemia in patients with AIHA in short-time, but the leucocyte-deplated RBC is more expensive, suggesting that the wased RBC is more practical for treatment of AIHA patients.

Iron oxide nanoclusters for T 1 magnetic resonance imaging of non-human primates.

Iron-oxide-based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had been clinically approved in the United States and Europe, yet most of these nanoparticle products were discontinued owing to failures to meet rigorous clinical requirements. Significant advances have been made in the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and their biomedical applications, but several major challenges remain for their clinical translation, in particular large-scale and reproducible synthesis, systematic toxicity assessment, and their preclinical evaluation in MRI of large animals. Here, we report the results of a toxicity study of iron oxide nanoclusters of uniform size in large animal models, including beagle dogs and the more clinically relevant macaques. We also show that iron oxide nanoclusters can be used as T 1 MRI contrast agents for high-resolution magnetic resonance angiography in beagle dogs and macaques, and that dynamic MRI enables the detection of cerebral ischaemia in these large animals. Iron oxide nanoclusters show clinical potential as next-generation MRI contrast agents.

Therapeutic potential of cysteine-rich protein 61 in rheumatoid arthritis.

Cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61)/CCN1, a product of an immediate early gene, can directly accommodate cell adhesion and migratory processes whilst simultaneously regulating the production of other cytokines and chemokines through paracrine and autocrine feedback loops. This intricate functionality of Cyr61 indicate its important role in targeting components of the infectious or chronic inflammatory disease processes including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent work has focused on the role of Cyr61 in RA. For example, Cyr61 induced proIL-1ß production in FLS via the AKT-dependent NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, Cyr61-siRNA decreased the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13, and induced apoptosis in RA-FLS cells. These results indicated that Cyr61 may represent a novel target for the treatment of RA. In this article we will introduce the molecular properties of Cyr61, discuss the function of Cyr61, and the therapeutic potential of modulating the Cyr61 in RA.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt combined with esophagogastric variceal embolization in the treatment of a large gastrorenal shunt.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) combined with stomach and esophageal variceal embolization (SEVE) in cirrhotic patients with a large gastrorenal vessel shunt (GRVS). METHODS: Eighty-one cirrhotic patients with gastric variceal bleeding (GVB) associated with a GRVS were enrolled in the study and accepted TIPS combined with SEVE (TIPS + SEVE), by which portosystemic pressure gradient (PPG), biochemical, TIPS-related complications, shunt dysfunction, rebleeding, and death were evaluated. RESULTS: The PPGs before TIPS were greater than 12 mmHg in 81 patients. TIPS + SEVE treatment caused a significant decrease in PPG (from 37.97 ± 6.36 mmHg to 28.15 ± 6.52 mmHg, t = 19.22, P < 0.001). The percentage of reduction in PPG was greater than 20% from baseline. There were no significant differences in albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, bilirubin, prothrombin time, or Child-Pugh score before and after operation. In all patients, rebleeding rates were 3%, 6%, 12%, 18%, and 18% at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 mo, respectively. Five patients (6.2%) were diagnosed as having hepatic encephalopathy. The rates of shunt dysfunction were 0%, 4%, 9%, 26%, and 26%, at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 mo, respectively. The cumulative survival rates in 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 mo were 100%, 100%, 95%, 90%, and 90%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results indicated that the efficacy and safety of TIPS + SEVE were satisfactory in cirrhotic patients with GVB associated with a GRVS (GVB + GRVS).

ß-2 Adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism and response to propranolol in cirrhosis.

AIM: To evaluate the association of ß-2 adrenergic receptor (ß2-AR) gene polymorphism with response of variceal pressure to propranolol in cirrhosis. METHODS: Sixty-four non-related cirrhotic patients participated in this study and accepted variceal pressure measurement before and after propranolol administration. Polymorphism of the ß2-AR gene was determined by directly sequencing of the polymerase chain reaction products from the DNA samples that were prepared from the patients. RESULTS: The prevalence of Gly16-Glu/Gln27 and Arg16-Gln27 homozygotes, and compound heterozygotes was 29.7%, 10.9%, and 59.4%, respectively. Patients with cirrhosis with Gly16-Glu/Gln27 homozygotes had a greater decrease of variceal pressure after propranolol administration than those with Arg16-Gln27 homozygotes or with compound heterozygotes (22.4% ± 2.1%, 13.1% ± 2.7% and 12.5% ± 3.1%, respectively, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The variceal pressure response to propranolol was associated with polymorphism of ß2-AR gene. Patients with the Gly(16)-Glu/Gln(27) homozygotes probably benefit from propranolol therapy.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization: history for more than 30 years.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a minimally invasive technique to treat liver tumors, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TACE was used in early times to treat liver tumor patients with emergencies caused by symptomatic humoral hypercalcemia and develops gradually from the procedures of diagnostic angiography and transcatheter injection of agents and is in particular performed in the treatment of HCC. Since the beginning of this century, TACE has been used extensively in the palliative treatment of unresectable HCC. In recent years, it is indicated in selected patients with early-stage HCC. This review introduces the evolution of TACE for more than 30 years, its role in comprehensive treatment of HCC, the tendency of its refinement in future, and the combination use of TACE with other local ablative methods for the curative result of HCC.

Gamma knife-treated hepatoma: case of obstructive jaundice and management.

Gamma knife therapy is becoming more frequently applied in solid tumor treatment. This article reports a unique case of severe obstructive jaundice arising as a complication of treatment of hepatoma at the hepatic hilum using a gamma knife.While planning an intervention, some images seem to promise success but actually lead to failure. Radiation damage to specific organs is difficult to predict because of several variables. Radiation-induced fibrosis and necrosis are the most common long-term adverse effects of radiotherapy; they are usually considered irreversible and result in induration and firmness of the tissue.To minimize radiation fibrosis, accurate patient positioning and tumor relocalization are essential for gamma knife use in the liver and other extracranial sites. Even when practiced frequently, any intervention must be delivered with caution if the liver has been treated with radiation. Otherwise, even with much experience, the unwary doctor can be trapped by deceptive images.

[A clinical analysis 30 cases of lupus mesenteric vasculitis].

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the clinical characteristics of lupus mesenteric vasculitis (LMV). METHODS: Analyzing the clinical, laboratory and treatment data of LMV patients hospitalized from 2002.1.1 to 2007.12.31 retrospectively. RESULTS: (1) The three common manifestations were abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomit with the prevalence rate of 77%, 70% and 67% respectively. (2) The majority of LMV cases were active vital organ (28/30), kidney (24/30) and hematological system (18/30) were the main organs of involvement. Ten patients had hydroureteronephrosis, and 8 patients had intestinal pseudo-obstruction at the same time. (3) Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) score was > or = 10 in 80% (24/30) of patients. The progression of LMV was accompanied with new-onset leucopenia or worsening leucopenia or hypocomplementemia in 10 cases. (4) Blood antinuclear antibodies were positive in 27 patients detected, and anti-SSA antibody was positive in 15 (56%), anti-U(1)RNP antibody was positive in 14 (52%). (5) Fourteen cases had bowel wall thickening with target sign or mesenteric vessels with palisade or comb sign in contrast CT scan of abdomen. (6) Twenty-seven cases were treated with orally or intravenous medium to high dose steroid therapy and recovered from LMV. CONCLUSIONS: (1) Abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomit were frequent manifestations of LMV patients. (2) LMV was one of the serious complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and usually accompanied by active SLE in other organs. (3) A drop in the white blood cell count or complement C(3) titer might be correlate with the occurrence of LMV. It needs to further investigate the relationship between LMV and the high positive rate of anti-SSA and anti-U(1)RNP antibody. (4) LMV patients responded well to intravenous high dose methylprednisolone.

[Dynamic coupling of ecological supporting capability and socioeconomic development of west Jilin Province].

The coupling relations between ecological supporting capability [F(x)] and socioeconomic situation [F(y)] of west Jilin Province from 1986 to 2004 were analyzed by harmonious development model and scissor difference method. The results showed that in study period, the F(x) of west Jilin Province had a trend of decreasing first and slightly increasing then, while F(y) had an overall exponential increase. Influenced by natural and anthropogenic factors, both F(x) and F(y) had obvious vulnerability. The scissor difference cx between F(x) and F(y) declined from 4.93 degrees in 1986 to 0.28 degrees in 1996, and then increased to 12.30 degrees in 2004. During the period of 1995 -2004, west Jilin Province gradually changed its traditional manner, i.e., from increasing F(y) with the rapid degradation of F(x) to the harmonious development of both F(x) and F(y), and the coupling degree of F(x) and F(y) changed from elementary or critical inharmonious to barley or elementary harmonious. After 1995, the scissor difference alpha increased with higher velocity, and the harmonious degree C also fluctuated obviously, illustrating an intensive antagonism between F(x) and F(y). The study area was in the erupting period of various ecological problems, and at present, the high instability of elementary harmonious status still existed. Comparing with harmonious development model alone, its combination with scissor difference method could reveal the coupling relations of F(x) and F(y) from the perspectives of development status and changing rate. This combination could reflect not only the equilibrium status but also the conflict intensity between F(x) and F(y), and give more comprehensive and profound analysis on the coupling relations between F(x) and F(y).

Endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms.

Intracranial aneurysm (ICA) is a common condition but with a high mortality rate when rupture occurs. The treatment of ruptured or unruptured ICA, especially with an endovascular approach, has been evolving rapidly. The current generally accepted opinion suggests that endovascular embolization is an effective technique for preventing the recurrence of aneurysm rupture, but the rebleeding rate after endovascular embolization is found to be higher than that after surgical clipping. In addition, long-term follow-up data are required for the evaluation of the effectiveness of endovascular treatment in unruptured ICA. This review presents the current understanding of ICA, the selection of optimal treatment approaches, and in particular, the advances in endovascular embolization in the treatment of ICA, including embolic materials, therapeutic and assisting techniques, long-term effectiveness, and limitations.

Nuclear factor kappa B and hepatitis viruses.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis can be caused by a number of viruses, which have similar clinical manifestations and render infected individuals at high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. Current therapies for hepatitis have limited effects and unsatisfactory patient outcomes. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) is critical for immune and inflammatory responses. During its lifetime the cell demands specific and highly regulated control of NF-kappaB activity. OBJECTIVE: To develop novel strategies to overcome various hepatitides and related liver cancer with NF-kappaB as the key point. METHODS: All aspects of NF-kappaB control with regard to hepatitis are covered. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: NF-kappaB plays an important role in the process of hepatitis and is hypothesized to be an anti-cancer factor in the subsequent inflammation-associated hepatocarcinogenesis.

[Determination of epimedin C and icariin in Herba Epimedii by HPLC].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a RP-HPLC method for the determination of epimedin C and icariin in Herba Epimedii. METHOD: Chromatographic conditions: Hypersil BDS-C18 column, acetonitrice and water containing 0.05% phosphoric acid as gradient eluents, G1315A photodiode array detector at 272 nm. RESULT: The average recovery rate of epimedin C was 99.7%, RSD 1.5% (n = 9), icariin 102.5%, RSD 1.1% (n=9). CONCLUSION: The method is reliable, stable and well repeatable. It provides the useful information for quality evaluation.