RESUMO
Veratric acid, one of the major benzoic acid isolated from vegetables and fruits, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of veratric acid on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). HGFs were pretreated with veratric acid 1 h before LPS stimulation. The productions of IL-6 and IL-8 were detected by ELISA. The expression of iNOS, COX-2, PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB were detected by western blotting. The results showed that veratric acid inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-8 production, as well as iNOS and COX-2 expression. Veratric acid also inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation. In addition, veratric acid was found to suppress LPS-induced PI3K and AKT phosphorylation. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of veratric acid is due to its ability to inhibit PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Gengivite/prevenção & controle , Interleucina-6/biossíntese , Interleucina-8/biossíntese , Periodontite/prevenção & controle , Ácido Vanílico/análogos & derivados , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/biossíntese , Fibroblastos/citologia , Fibroblastos/imunologia , Gengiva/citologia , Gengiva/imunologia , Gengivite/tratamento farmacológico , Gengivite/imunologia , Humanos , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Lipopolissacarídeos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/biossíntese , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/biossíntese , Periodontite/tratamento farmacológico , Periodontite/patologia , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/biossíntese , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/biossíntese , Ácido Vanílico/farmacologiaRESUMO
In the title mol-ecule, C(30)H(36)N(2)O(2), the dihedral angles between the central benzene ring and the two benzene rings of the butyl-salicylaldimine groups are 14.3â (2) and 40.6â (2)°. There are two strong intra-molecular O-Hâ¯N hydrogen bonds which form S(6) rings. The crystal studied was a non-merohedral twin with refined components of 0.270â (4) and 0.730â (4).
RESUMO
In the title complex, [Sn(C(2)H(2)ClO(2))(2)(C(4)H(11)Si)(2)], the Sn(IV) ion is coordinated in a distorted tetra-hedral environment formed by two O atoms from two monodenate chloro-acetato ligands and two C atoms from two trimethyl silyl ligands. Two further weak intra-molecular Snâ¯O contacts [2.744â (2) and 2.655â (2)â Å] are formed by the chloro-acetato ligands.