Electro-Induced Phase Transformation of a Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Film for Nonlinear Optical Switching.

Achieving metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with nonlinear optical (NLO) switching is profoundly important. Herein, the conductive MOFs Cu-TCNQ phase I (Ph-I) and phase II (Ph-II) films were prepared using the liquid-phase-epitaxial layer-by-layer spin-coating method and steam heating method, respectively. Electronic experiments showed that the Ph-II film could be changed into the Ph-I film under an applied electric field. The third-order NLO results revealed that the Ph-I film had a third-order nonlinear reverse saturation absorption (RSA) response and the Ph-II film displayed a third-order nonlinear saturation absorption (SA) response. With increases in the heating time and applied voltage, the third-order NLO response realized the reversible transition between SA and RSA. The theoretical calculations indicated that Ph-I possessed more interlayer charge transfer, resulting in a third-order nonlinear RSA response that was stronger than that of Ph-II. This work applies phase-transformed MOFs to third-order NLO switching and provides new insights into the nonlinear photoelectric applications of MOFs.

The role of m5C methyltransferases in cardiovascular diseases.

The global leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although advances in prevention and treatment have been made, the role of RNA epigenetics in CVD is not fully understood. Studies have found that RNA modifications regulate gene expression in mammalian cells, and m5C (5-methylcytosine) is a recently discovered RNA modification that plays a role in gene regulation. As a result of these developments, there has been renewed interest in elucidating the nature and function of RNA "epitranscriptomic" modifications. Recent studies on m5C RNA methylomes, their functions, and the proteins that initiate, translate and manipulate this modification are discussed in this review. This review improves the understanding of m5C modifications and their properties, functions, and implications in cardiac pathologies, including cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and atherosclerosis.

Annexin A protein family in atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis, a silent chronic vascular pathology, is the cause of the majority of cardiovascular ischaemic events. Atherosclerosis is characterized by a series of deleterious changes in cellularity, including endothelial dysfunction, transmigration of circulating inflammatory cells into the arterial wall, pro-inflammatory cytokines production, lipid accumulation in the intima, vascular local inflammatory response, atherosclerosis-related cells apoptosis and autophagy. Proteins of Annexin A (AnxA) family, the well-known Ca2+ phospholipid-binding protein, have many functions in regulating inflammation-related enzymes and cell signaling transduction, thus influencing cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. There is now accumulating evidence that some members of the AnxA family, such as AnxA1, AnxA2, AnxA5 and AnxA7, play major roles in the development of atherosclerosis. This article discusses the major roles of AnxA1, AnxA2, AnxA5 and AnxA7, and the multifaceted mechanisms of the main biological process in which they are involved in atherosclerosis. Considering these evidences, it has been proposed that AnxA are drivers- and not merely participator- on the road to atherosclerosis, thus the progression of atherosclerosis may be prevented by targeting the expression or function of the AnxA family proteins.

Weekly Variations of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Occurrence Among Different Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background and purpose: The causes of the higher incidence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) on a given day are unclear. Previous studies have shown that it may vary by region and population. The purpose of this study was to detect weekly variations in ICH occurrence in southwest China and to assess differences in ICH occurrence among different populations. Methods: This hospital-based study included patients with first-onset ICH that occurred from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2019. The weekly variation in ICH occurrence was analyzed and stratified by sex, age, comorbidities, living habits, and residence. Results: A total of 5,038 patients with first-onset ICH were enrolled. ICH occurrence was higher on Monday [odds ratio (OR), 1.22; 95% CI, 1.09-1.36; P < 0.001] and Friday (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.03-1.28; P < 0.001) among all patients, and this pattern was consistent with that of men, whereas women showed a higher incidence on Mondays, Saturdays, and Sundays. The increase in the number of ICH events on Monday and Friday was pronounced in the age range of 41-60 years; however, no significant weekly variation in ICH occurrence was observed among other age groups. After stratifying by comorbidities, a significant weekly variation in ICH occurrence was observed in patients with hypertension or diabetes. Smoking and alcohol consumption was associated with a higher incidence of ICH on Friday; otherwise, a Monday excess was observed. The urban population demonstrated a significant weekly variation in ICH occurrence, whereas the rural population did not. Conclusions: Intracerebral hemorrhage occurrence showed weekly variations in southwest China and was significantly affected by sex, age, comorbidities, living habits, and residence. This suggests that weekly variations in ICH occurrence maybe dependent on the region and population.

Circadian variations in the occurrence of first-ever intracerebral hemorrhage from different sources of income: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The onset time of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may be closely related to the working style and living habits of people, which are determined by different income sources in China. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the Circadian Variations in the occurrence of ICH from different sources of income. METHODS: This retrospective study enrolled 4,327 patients with first-ever ICH. Based on the time of day at which the patients developed symptoms, the classifiable onset time was assigned to one of eight three-hour intervals. And based on different income sources, they were categorized into three groups: Farmers, Wage-earners, and Freelancers. Demographic and risk factors of patients were then summarized, and the circadian variation of the 3 groups of patients' known time of onset and those stratified by sex and age were analyzed. RESULTS: The frequency of ICH onset exhibited significant circadian variation among the 3 income groups, demonstrating a bimodal distribution in the daytime, with a nadir during the night (all P < 0.001). Three groups showed a significant initial peak between 06:01 and 09:00, and the same peak was observed in their subgroups of sex and age. In the 3 income source groups, there was a smaller second peak that between 15:01 and 18:00 for Farmers and Wage-earners and 18:01 and 21:00 for Freelancers. After stratification by sex and age, the second peak was between 18:01 and 21:00 for female in Farmers, female in Freelancers, under 65 years of age in Wage-earners and 65 years or older in Freelancers, while 15:01 and 18:00 for the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Different circadian variations of ICH onset time are found in patients with different income sources in southwest China's Chongqing Municipality cohort. Moreover, the frequency and distribution pattern of peak hours may be closely related to the working style and living habits of people with different income sources.

Epitaxial Growth of Highly Transparent Metal-Porphyrin Framework Thin Films for Efficient Bifacial Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

Bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are regarded as promising solar energy conversion devices with high efficiency and less resource consumption. In this work, a highly transparent and efficient counter electrode (CE) is fabricated by introducing highly dispersed single Pt atoms doped into the van der Waals layer-by-layer epitaxially grown Zn-TCPP thin film (Zn-TCPP-Pt). The resulting Zn-TCPP-Pt CE has similar catalytic activity to commercial Pt CE but shows a better light transmission capacity in the range of visible light. The bifacial DSSC with Zn-TCPP-Pt thin film CE achieves high power conversion efficiencies of 5.48 and 4.88% under front-side and rear-side irradiation, respectively. With maximized atomic efficiency, excellent performance was obtained with about 1% Pt content and highly transparent CEs. Therefore, the light energy resource utilization rate of such less Pt and transparence CE is greatly improved in bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells, making it a promising candidate to replace Pt CE.

Helical carbon tubes derived from epitaxial Cu-MOF coating on textile for enhanced supercapacitor performance.

The design and development of the supercapacitors containing metal oxides and carbon materials is very important for energy-storage devices in laboratory and industry. In this study, we report a helical carbon tube material derived from epitaxial Cu-MOF coating on textile by calcination treatment. The electrochemical performance obtained from the cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and cyclic stability measurements indicates that such a hybrid carbon material with a unique structure has a very high areal capacitance of 1812 mF cm-2 at a current density of 1 mA cm-2, and the material also has a good recyclability of 90% after 2000 cycles. This study combines the advantages of MOF- and cotton textile-derived carbon materials, and this study can serve as a guidance to improve the capacitance performance of supercapacitors.