RESUMO
This study aims to elucidate and examine the intricate interrelation between 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), combined folic acid (FA), and trace element supplementation as a preventive strategy against fetal malformations during the inaugural trimester of pregnancy. Eighty pregnant women selected from our hospital's early obstetrics department from May 2021 to August 2021. Pregnant women are divided into the MTHFR combined group, FA, and trace element group. Comparing the basic data of patients, analyzing adverse reactions in pregnant women, and total birth risk situation, detecting MTHFR gene polymorphisms, and analyzing the correlation between MTHFR and FA in the prevention of fetal malformations in early pregnancy. Compared with the north, the southern region is more prone to FA deficiency. MTHFR degree of the MTHFR combined group was positively correlated with fetal malformations. The deformity rate was negatively correlated with FA and trace elements. Pregnant women in the first trimester may have fetal malformations, and the malformation rate is negatively correlated with FA and positively correlated with MTHFR level. Importantly, the inverse relationship between FA supplementation and malformation incidence underscores its significance as a preventive measure.