RESUMO
Cell therapies offer the promise of treating and altering the course of diseases which cannot be addressed adequately by existing pharmaceuticals. Cell therapies are a diverse group across cell types and therapeutic indications and have been an active area of research for many years but are now strongly emerging through translation and towards successful commercial development and patient access. In this article, we present a description of a classification of cell therapies on the basis of their underlying technologies rather than the more commonly used classification by cell type because the regulatory path and manufacturing solutions are often similar within a technology area due to the nature of the methods used. We analyse the progress of new cell therapies towards clinical translation, examine how they are addressing the clinical, regulatory, manufacturing and reimbursement requirements, describe some of the remaining challenges and provide perspectives on how the field may progress for the future.
Assuntos
Terapia Baseada em Transplante de Células e Tecidos/classificação , Animais , Biotecnologia/tendências , Linhagem Celular Transformada , Terapia Baseada em Transplante de Células e Tecidos/economia , Terapia Baseada em Transplante de Células e Tecidos/tendências , Técnicas de Reprogramação Celular , Vetores Genéticos , Humanos , Edição de RNA , Engenharia Tecidual , Pesquisa Translacional Biomédica/tendênciasRESUMO
Scientists and clinicians engaged in developing therapeutic cancer vaccines cannot be anything other than troubled by the sheer number of Phase III clinical trial failures in the field. Are we inveterate optimists or do we have reason for continuing to plough our lonely furrow? In this perspective article, we answer why Phase III failures have been to the fore and highlight why the field should be optimistic given the knowledge gained from these pioneering studies and our improved understanding of how the immune system interacts with cancer.