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1.
Scand J Rheumatol ; 45(2): 158-64, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26324797

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To investigate intra- and inter-reader agreement of ultrasonography (US) and conventional radiography (CR) for the evaluation of osteophyte presence and size within the tibiofemoral joint. In addition, to correlate these findings with arthroscopic degeneration of the articular cartilage. METHOD: Forty adult patients with knee pain were enrolled in this study. Knee CR and US scanning of the medial and lateral bone margins were performed on all patients. A novel atlas for the US grading of knee osteophytes was used in the evaluation. The number and size of the osteophytes were evaluated semi-quantitatively in two rounds from both the CR images (four readers) and the US images (14 readers). The Noyes grading system was used for the evaluation of arthroscopic degeneration of the articular cartilage in 26 patients. RESULTS: On average, intra- and inter-reader US and CR agreement was substantial and comparable to each other (κ = 0.60-0.72). US detected more osteophytes than CR at both the medial (65% vs. 48%) and lateral (70% vs. 60%) compartments. A statistically significant correlation between CR- or US-based osteophyte and arthroscopy grades was observed only for US at the medial compartment (rs = 0.747, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The detection of knee osteophytes using the novel US atlas is as reproducible as reading conventional radiographs. US is more sensitive to detect knee osteophytes than CR. Furthermore, osteophytes detected with US correlate significantly with arthroscopic cartilage changes at the medial knee compartment whereas those detected by CR do not.


Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular/patologia , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteoartrite do Joelho/diagnóstico , Osteófito/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Artroscopia , Atlas como Assunto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Osteoartrite do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteófito/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia , Ultrassonografia
2.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage ; 20(5): 376-381, 2012 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22343004

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic performance of non-invasive knee ultrasonography (US) to detect degenerative changes of articular cartilage using arthroscopic grading as the gold standard. DESIGN: Forty adult patients referred to a knee arthroscopy because of knee pain were randomly selected for the study. Before the arthroscopy, knee US was performed and cartilage surfaces at medial and lateral femoral condyles as well as at intercondylar notch area (sulcus) were semi-quantitatively graded from US. Ultrasonographic grading was compared with the arthroscopic Noyes' grading for cartilage degeneration. RESULTS: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic odds ratio for detecting arthroscopic cartilage changes in US varied between 52 and 83%, 50-100%, 88-100%, 24-46%, and 5.0-13.0, respectively, depending on the site. Correlation of severity of cartilage changes (grades) between US and arthroscopy varied from insignificant to significant depending on the site: at the sulcus area the correlation was highest (r(s)=0.593, P<0.001), at the medial condyle also significant (r(s)=0.465, P=0.003), and at the lateral condyle non-significant (r(s)=0.262, P=0.103). The sum of cartilage grades in all three sites of the femoral cartilage between US and arthroscopy had the highest correlation (r(s)=0.655, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Positive finding in US is a strong indicator of arthroscopic degenerative changes of cartilage, but negative finding does not rule out degenerative changes. Non-invasive knee US is a promising technique for screening of degenerative changes of articular cartilage, e.g., during osteoarthritis.


Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular/diagnóstico por imagem , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteoartrite do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Idoso , Artroscopia/métodos , Cartilagem Articular/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite do Joelho/diagnóstico , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Ultrassonografia
5.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) ; 15(2): 114-9, 1990 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2326705

RESUMO

In this study of lumbar degeneration and the role of mechanical loading in its development, lateral lumbar radiographs of 216 concrete reinforcement workers and 201 house painters aged 25-54 years were examined. Disc space narrowing occurred at about 10 years and spondylophytes at about 5 years younger age in the former than in the latter group. Risk ratios (RR) were estimated from the regression coefficients of logistic regression models. RR for the univariate effect of occupation on disc space narrowing was 1.8, and adjustment for age, earlier back accidents, height, body mass index and smoking had only a minor effect on this relationship, adjusted RR 1.8. The crude RR for spondylophytes was 1.5, and the adjusted RR 1.6. Earlier back accidents showed a significant univariate relationship with DSN, but in multivariate analysis this variate did not retain its significance. It was concluded that heavy physical work enhances the degenerative process of the lumbar spine. Materials handling and postural loading are proposed to be occupational factors of importance in the development of both disc space narrowing and spondylophytes.


Assuntos
Ocupações , Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Humanos , Região Lombossacral , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Radiografia , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/epidemiologia , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/epidemiologia
6.
Scand J Work Environ Health ; 15(4): 280-5, 1989 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2528205

RESUMO

The association between radiographically detectable degenerative changes in the lumbar spine and back symptoms was studied, along with the possible effect of occupational work load. The subjects were 216 concrete reinforcement workers and 201 house painters. A questionnaire provided information on work history and earlier back accidents, and a standardized interview produced data on back symptoms. The occurrence of disc space narrowing, anterior and posterior spondylophytes, and end-plate sclerosis was recorded separately for each intervertebral space from lateral lumbar radiographs. Moderate to severe degenerative changes were associated with increased risk of sciatic pain but not with the occurrence of lumbago or nonspecific back pain. The different types of degenerative changes provided no further information. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis degenerative changes and earlier back accidents were significant independent predictors of sciatic pain. When these two variates were allowed for, the effect of occupation was not significant.


Assuntos
Dor nas Costas/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Dor nas Costas/diagnóstico por imagem , Dor nas Costas/etiologia , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Pintura , Radiografia , Fatores de Risco
7.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg (1978) ; 104(2): 118-20, 1985.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4051696

RESUMO

K-wire-pin-induced changes in cortical bone were studied in the intact rabbit tibiofibular bone. Using a bilateral external fixator two pairs of pins were applied under compression (10 kp), under distraction (10 kp), and in a neutralization sense. After defined intervals the pin-holes were investigated macroscopically and radiologically. Reactive and resorptive changes were present in 101 of 576 (17.5%) pin-holes, infection in 13 (2.3%) pin-holes. Changes were significantly more frequent in the distal pin-holes. The appearance of the pin-holes was not influenced by the type of external fixation used nor did the occurrence depend on the duration of metal implantation.


Assuntos
Pinos Ortopédicos/efeitos adversos , Osso e Ossos/patologia , Fixação de Fratura/efeitos adversos , Animais , Reabsorção Óssea/diagnóstico por imagem , Reabsorção Óssea/patologia , Feminino , Masculino , Coelhos , Radiografia , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/patologia , Fatores de Tempo
9.
Br J Ind Med ; 40(2): 216-9, 1983 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6830721

RESUMO

The loads on the knees in concrete reinforcement work and maintenance painting were analysed on eight construction work sites. A total of 352 reinforcement workers and 231 painters. Finnish men aged 20-64, were clinically and radiologically examined to determine the condition of the knee joints in active workers. The loads on the knees and the occurrence of minor injuries and accidents were higher in reinforcement work than in painting, but the occurrence of symptoms, clinical signs, and radiological findings was equally common in both groups. Reinforcement work seemed to provoke more symptoms from degenerated knees than painting.


Assuntos
Artropatias/fisiopatologia , Articulação do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Doenças Profissionais/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Materiais de Construção , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Movimento , Postura
10.
Acta Orthop Scand ; 52(3): 249-55, 1981 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7025556

RESUMO

Mechanical properties of cortical and cancellous interposition grafts in rabbit tibiofibular bones fixed with 6-hole DCP/ASIF plates were tested with torsional loading after intervals of 3 to 52 weeks postoperatively. In the cortical grafts maximum torque moment at fracture, energy absorption capacity and rigidity increased from 3 to 12 weeks, while the cancellous grafts were more plastic with lower rigidity, higher angular deformation and higher energy absorption. From 12 to 52 weeks maximum torque moment at fracture, energy absorption, rigidity and angular deformation decreased in grafts of both types, the respective means at 36 weeks being 39, 34, 57 and 82 per cent of the cortical grafts, and 26, 17, 42 and 58 per cent of the control values for the cancellous grafts. The differences between the torsional properties of the two graft types decreased with time.


Assuntos
Placas Ósseas , Osso e Ossos/fisiopatologia , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fraturas Ósseas/fisiopatologia , Animais , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Transplante Ósseo , Osso e Ossos/patologia , Fraturas Ósseas/cirurgia , Coelhos , Anormalidade Torcional , Cicatrização
11.
Acta Orthop Scand ; 52(3): 257-64, 1981 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7025557

RESUMO

The effect of rigid plate fixation on the chemical composition of cancellous interposition grafts was studied in rabbit-fibular bones. The concentrations of hexosamines and, to a lesser degree, of hydroxyproline and nitrogen, were high in the graft for the first 6 weeks, decreased from weeks 6 to 12, but remained higher than the corresponding values for the controls throughout the experiment (52 weeks). The ratio of hexosamines to hydroxyproline was highest for the graft at 3 weeks, indicating formation of cartilage and osteoid. The initially low calcium concentration of the graft increased by 35 per cent from weeks 1 to 6, decreased from weeks 6 to 12, and remained below normal thereafter in comparison with corresponding values for the cortical host bone. The ratio of calcium to hydroxyproline increased throughout the experiment, reflecting maturation of the graft to lamellar bone. Thus, biochemically the early incorporation of rigidly fixed cancellous interposition grafts resembles the healing of unimmobilized fractures by callus formation.


Assuntos
Placas Ósseas/efeitos adversos , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Fraturas Ósseas/metabolismo , Animais , Transplante Ósseo , Cálcio/metabolismo , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Hexosaminas/metabolismo , Hidroxiprolina/metabolismo , Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Fósforo/metabolismo , Coelhos , Cicatrização
12.
Acta Orthop Scand ; 52(3): 265-72, 1981 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7025558

RESUMO

The effect of rigid plate fixation on the chemical composition of cortical interposition grafts were studied in rabbit tibio-fibular bones. The concentration of hexosamines increased both in the graft and in the host bone during the first 6 weeks, but thereafter decreased. The concentrations of hydroxyproline and nitrogen increased throughout the experiment. The ratio of hexosamines to hydroxyproline increased in the graft for the first 6 weeks, indicating formation of immature osteoid and bone during this period, but thereafter decreased. The calcium concentration of the graft decreased significantly during the first 12 weeks and remained below normal (-10 to -19 per cent). The mineralization of the graft, assessed by the ratio of calcium to hydroxyproline, decreased continually. The results suggest that cortical bone grafts stabilized with rigid plates heal with only slight chemical signs of callus formation. The demineralization of the graft reflects the porotic changes that take place under the plate.


Assuntos
Placas Ósseas/efeitos adversos , Osso e Ossos/metabolismo , Fraturas Ósseas/metabolismo , Animais , Transplante Ósseo , Cálcio/metabolismo , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Hexosaminas/metabolismo , Hidroxiprolina/metabolismo , Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Fósforo/metabolismo , Coelhos , Cicatrização
13.
Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh) ; 22(6): 697-702, 1981.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7347123

RESUMO

Experimental osteotomies were made in 35 rabbit tibiofibular bones and fixed with rigid stainless steel osteosynthesis plates (DCP/ASIF). The radiographic and histopathologic appearances in the healing osteotomies and adjacent bone were analysed at intervals from 3 up to 24 weeks postoperatively. Radiologically the osteotomy had closed at 9 weeks and microscopically this could be confirmed as longitudinal orientation of the cutter heads across the osteotomy gap with longitudinal orientation of the bone structure. The healing of the osteotomy was accompanied by gross structural changes in the adjacent cortical bone with loss of intracortical and subendosteal osteons, cementing lines and intermediate tissue between the osteons. This was characterized by decreasing attenuation of the cortical bone after healing of the osteotomy and should clinically be regarded as an indication for removal of the implant.


Assuntos
Fixação Interna de Fraturas , Animais , Fíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Fíbula/lesões , Fíbula/cirurgia , Fraturas Ósseas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas Ósseas/cirurgia , Osteotomia , Coelhos , Radiografia , Fraturas da Tíbia/diagnóstico por imagem , Fraturas da Tíbia/cirurgia , Cicatrização
14.
Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh) ; 21(1): 107-13, 1980.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6990695

RESUMO

Cortical and cancellous interposition grafts, with rigid plate fixation, in the tibiofibular bones of 130 rabbits were followed radiographically for one year. The cancellous grafts healed earlier, but by 12 weeks both graft types had been incorporated, the distal host--graft interface being the last to heal. Progressive cancellous transformation in both the graft and host bone led to an increased over-all bone diameter, a widened medullary canal and a thinned porotic wall.


Assuntos
Placas Ósseas , Transplante Ósseo , Osso e Ossos/diagnóstico por imagem , Cicatrização , Animais , Reabsorção Óssea , Osso e Ossos/fisiologia , Coelhos , Radiografia , Transplante Autólogo
18.
Ann Chir Gynaecol ; 68(3): 85-9, 1979.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-533215

RESUMO

Hospital admissions due to fractures of the proximal femur in Finland increased 50% between 1968 and 1976. In this study the established differences and results of treatment in regional and district hospitals are reviewed. From the mortality incidence and the length of hospitalisation, the results were better in regional than in district hospitals, and better for operatively than for conservatively treated patients. Of the different operative methods, the best primary results were obtained with endoprosthetic replacement and osteosynthesis with a fixed-angle nail plate.


Assuntos
Fraturas do Fêmur/cirurgia , Fraturas do Colo Femoral/cirurgia , Fixação de Fratura/métodos , Fraturas do Quadril/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Fraturas do Fêmur/epidemiologia , Fraturas do Colo Femoral/epidemiologia , Finlândia , Fraturas do Quadril/epidemiologia , Hospitais Comunitários , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
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