Study on the mechanism of anti-MIRI action of total flavones of Fructus Chorspondiatis by PET/CT imaging.

BACKGROUND: To investigate anti myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI) action of total flavones of Fructus Chorspondiatis (TFFC) in rats by 13N-ammonia micro PET/CT imaging, etc. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. Micro PET/CT imaging was performed before and after modeling to calculate the volume (VOI) and SUVmean of myocardial ischemic area. The oxidative stress index [(superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA)] and the marker enzymes [creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)] of myocardial injury were detected. The pathological changes of myocardial were observed via HE staining. A MIRI model of rat cardiomyocytes in vitro was established, the damage and apoptosis of myocardial cells in each group were observed, and the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes was detected. RESULTS: The imaging viscosities of the imaging agents were observed at 24 and 48 h in each group. The VOI of 24 h imaging was (6.33±2.02), (6.01±1.56) and (3.32±0.86) mm3, respectively. The VOI of 48 h imaging was (3.31±1.33), (2.61±1.01) and (1.32±0.58) mm3. The 72 h imaging medium and high dose group recovered, while the low dose group still saw sparseness with (1.26±0.68) mm3 VOI. The ischemic (SUVmean) gradually increased with time. Metabolism gradually recovered (F=121.82, 450.82, 435.75, P<0.05). The three doses of TFFC can eliminate free radicals and reduce the damage of myocardial injury. Amongst them, the high-dose group had a better effect on SOD, and the middle-dose group had a better effect on MDA and LDH. The low-dose group affected CK, and a significant difference was observed compared with the control group (P<0.05). After administration, the morphology of myocardial cells in each dose group was improved to some extent. Nuclear pyknosis, rupture, the apoptosis rate, etc. were significantly reduced, the number of cells increased. The high dose group showed the most obvious improvement. CONCLUSIONS: The PET/CT imaging method can detect non-invasive, in vivo and dynamic MIRI, and can accurately evaluate the protective effect of traditional Mongolian medicine TFFC on MIRI. The Anti-MIRI of TFFC can scavenge free radicals, reduce oxidative stress damage, inhibit apoptosis, affect the activity of related enzymes.

Risk factors of perioperative blood transfusion in elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture.

This study aimed to discuss the risk factors of perioperative blood transfusion after the application of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture (FIF). Moreover, this study also aimed to analyze the causes of perioperative blood transfusion and provide guidance for clinical treatment.Records of elderly patients with FIF who were treated with PFNA in our hospital from September 2014 to May 2017 were reviewed. They were divided into transfused and nontransfused groups. The Student t test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher exact test were used in univariate analysis of 11 variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the possible risk factors associated with postoperative blood transfusion after the application of PFNA in elderly patients with FIF. Correlations were sought using the Spearman rank correlation analysis.The univariate analysis showed that age, sex, type of fracture, admission hemoglobin (Hb), admission albumin, and intraoperative blood loss were significantly associated with perioperative blood transfusion (P = .000, .019, .000, .000, .000, and .007, respectively). The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age (P = .019, odds ratio [OR] = 1.062), type of fracture (P = .001, OR = 4.486), and admission Hb (P = .000, OR = 0.883) were independent risk factors of postoperative blood transfusion. We found a significant positive correlation between perioperative blood transfusion and age (r = 0.264, P = .000) and type of fracture (r = 0.409, P = .000), but a negative correlation between perioperative blood transfusion and admission Hb (r = -0.641, P = .000).The main factors affecting perioperative blood transfusion are age, fracture type, and admission Hb. These results indicate that, in high-risk patients who are older in age, more unstable fractures, and lower admission Hb, monitoring Hb concentrations during the perioperative period is important to correct severe anemia in a timely manner and avoid exacerbating existing underlying diseases and inducing severe complications.

Luteal-phase ovarian stimulation is a feasible method for poor ovarian responders undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer treatment compared to a GnRH antagonist protocol: A retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE: Poor ovarian response to ovarian hyperstimulation is one of the biggest challenges in assisted reproduction technology. Although many stimulation protocols have been established to improve clinical outcomes in poor ovarian responders (PORs), which protocol is the most effective remains controversial. Luteal-phase ovarian stimulation (LPOS) has been used in normal ovarian responders with satisfactory outcomes. However, the efficacy of LPOS in PORs is unclear. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of LPOS and GnRH antagonist (GnRH-ant) in PORs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical parameters in PORs who received LPOS (50 cycles in 39 patients) or GnRH-ant (158 cycles in 123 patients) were compared. RESULTS: Compared with those in the GnRH-ant group, the PORs in the LPOS group showed significantly fewer basal antral follicles (3.1 ± 2.2 vs. 4.1 ± 1.6, p < 0.001) and a higher in vitro fertilization rate. There were no significant differences in the numbers of retrieved oocytes and D3 transferable embryos between the two groups. However, the pregnancy rate in the LPOS group (46.4%) was significantly higher than that in the GnRH-ant group (25.8% overall; 22.9% from fresh embryos and 29.6% from frozen embryos). Moreover, 23 PORs in the LPOS group underwent oocyte retrieval twice in one cycle, and the numbers of retrieved oocytes and transferable embryos from the luteal phase were significantly higher than those from the follicular phase in the same menstrual cycle. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the GnRH-ant protocol, the LPOS protocol may be a better regime for PORs that can increase the numbers of retrieved oocytes and transferable embryos as well as the pregnancy rate.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for oocyte triggering in endometrial preparation of letrozole stimulation protocols does not affect clinical outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of GnRH agonist in comparison with hCG for triggering final oocyte maturation in endometrial preparation of letrozole stimulation protocols for frozen-thawed embryo transfer. METHODS: The frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles (FET) that use the letrozole stimulation protocols for endometrial preparation were divided into two groups according the different method of triggering final oocyte maturation. The serum LH and E2 levels, and the endometrial thickness on the day of triggering, the clinical pregnancy rates, the miscarriage rates and live birth rates were compared. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the age, the endometrial thickness, the number of embryos transferred between the two groups. The clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate and live birth rates of the group A were similar compared with the group B, P<0.05. CONCLUSION: Using GnRH agonist for oocyte triggering in endometrial preparation of letrozole stimulation protocols for frozen-thawed embryo transfer does not affect the clinical outcome compared with hCG under the same luteal phase support.

[Effects of ultrasonic pretreatment on drying characteristics of sewage sludge].

The high water content of sewage sludge has engendered many inconveniences to its treatment and disposal. While ultrasonic takes on unique advantages on the sludge drying because of its high ultrasonic power, mighty penetrating capability and the ability of causing cavitations. Thus this research studies the characteristics influences of ultrasonic bring to the sludge drying and effects of the exposure time, ultrasonic generator power, temperatures of ultrasonic and drying temperature on the drying characteristics of dewatered sludge. Results indicate that ultrasonic pretreatment could speed up evaporation of the free water in sludge surface and help to end the drying stage with constant speed. In addition, ultrasonic treatment can effectively improve the sludge drying efficiency which could be more evident with the rise of the ultrasonic power (100-250 W), ultrasonic temperature and drying temperature. If dried under low temperature such as 105 degrees C, sludge will have premium drying characteristics when radiated under ultrasound for a shorter time such as 3 min. In the end, the ultrasonic treatment is expected to be an effective way to the low-cost sludge drying and also be an important reference to the optimization of the sludge drying process because of its effects on the increase of sludge drying efficiency.

[Experimental study on methane potentials of source-separated BMW and individual waste materials].

A laboratory procedure is described for measuring methane potentials of source-separated bio-organic municipal waste (BMW). Triplicate reactors with about 20 grams fresh material were incubated at 37 degrees C with 300 mL inoculum from Shenyang wastewater treatment plant and the methane production was followed over a 50 d period by regular measurement of methane on a gas chromatograph. At 37 degrees C, the methane production efficiency of source-separated BMW and individual waste materials was: starch > BMW > protein > food oil > fat > paper. For the source-separated BMW,starch,protein,food oil,fat and paper, the methane potential (CH4/VS) of 218.15, 209.11, 194.20, 238.86, 257.82 and 131.41 mL/g were found,and ultimate biodegradability of 6 difference materials were 67.73%, 72.88%, 65.84%, 78.38%, 74.11% and 47.98%, respectively.

[Experimental investigation on emission characteristic of NOx during micropulverized coal oxidation].

The combustion experiments of HG micronized coal have been conducted by combining DTG and GC-MS. The effects on NOx emission caused by particle size, oxygen concentration and heating rate were analyzed. The results show that under combustion condition that oxygen concentration is 20%, NOx precipitations of HG coal in difference sizes are single-peaked courses. Particle size impacts NOx emission from coal combustion significantly. Micro-pulverized coal reduces NOx emission. Under heating condition with 5 degrees C/min, 10 degrees C/min and 20 degrees C/min, precipitation of NO and NO2 is increased with heating rate rising, and temperature parallelized with maximum NO precipitation rate is increased with heating rate rising as well. With increasing of oxygen concentration in combustion, NOx precipitation increases correspondingly, and temperature parallelized with maximum NOx precipitation rate is reduced.

[Influence of mineral matter on sulfur conversion in coal during combustion].

Three species micro-pulverized coals(Hegang, Tiefa, Zhungeer coal) were studied, the mineral matters (MgO, CaO, Al2O3 and Fe3O4) were respectively added to the coals. The combustion of samples were studied to investigate the effect of mineral matter on transformation of sulfur during combustion by the combined of DTG and GC-MS, the flowmeter 50 mL/min, heating rate 20 degrees C/ min, oxygen volume percentage 20% . The SO2 release curve of primitive micro-pulverized coal appear three peaks during the combustion, but the demineralized sample appear two peaks. The species of coal has effect on temperature of the maximum release rate of SOz, the release rate of SO2 of Hegang coal is even in three temperature ranges, Tiefa coal appear maximum value about 500 degrees C and Zhungeer coal about 200 degrees C which probably due to the different amount of all kinds of sulfur in primitive coal sample. The mineral matter (MgO, CaO, Al2O3 and Fe3O4) have sulfur retention and catalyzing effect on SO2 the combustion of coal. The amount and species of mineral matter and species of coal determine the sulfur retention effect.

[Migration characteristics of heavy metals during sintering of fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerator].

The sintering process is used to stabilize the heavy metal in fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI). Migration characteristics of 6 targeted heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr and Zn) in the sintering process of MSWI fly ash were investigated by experiments. Effect of several factors including sintering temperature, residence time, molding pressure and particle diameter on the migration of heavy metals were discussed in details. The results show that cadmium and lead are volatile metals, while nickel, copper, chromium and zinc belong to involatilizable metals. The effects of sintering temperature, residence time, molding pressure and particle diameter on the stabilizing efficiency differ from each other. The study shows that most of heavy metals are stabilized during the sintering process. The stabilizing efficiency of heavy metals was different for different elements.