Application of Acupotomy in a Knee Osteoarthritis Model in Rabbit.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most frequently encountered diseases in the orthopedic department, which seriously reduces the quality of life of people with KOA. Among several pathogenic factors, the biomechanical imbalance of the knee joint is one of the main causes of KOA. Acupotomology believes that restoring the mechanical balance of the knee joint is the key to treating KOA. Clinical studies have shown that acupotomy can effectively reduce pain and improve knee mobility by reducing adhesion, contracture of soft tissues, and stress concentration points in muscles and tendons around the knee joint. In this protocol, we used the modified Videman method to establish a KOA model by immobilizing the left hindlimb in a straight position. We have outlined the method of operation and the precautions related to acupotomy in detail and evaluated the efficacy of acupotomy in conjunction with the theory of "Modulating Muscles and Tendons to Treat Bone Disorders" through the detection of the mechanical properties of quadriceps femoris and tendon, as well as cartilage mechanics and morphology. The results show that acupotomy has a protective effect on cartilage by adjusting the mechanical properties of the soft tissues around the knee joint, improving the cartilage stress environment, and delaying cartilage degeneration.

Effect of different plant growth regulators on callus and adventitious shoots induction, polysaccharides accumulation and antioxidant activity of Rhodiola dumulosa / 中草药·英文版

OBJECTIVE@#As a medicinal plant, the resource of Rhodiola dumulosa is deficient along with the large collection. For the protection and utilization of R. dumulosa, the influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on callus induction and adventitious shoots differentiation, polysaccharide production and the antioxidant activity were tested.@*METHODS@#Internodes of R. dumulosa were used as explants and cultured on MS medium plus different plant growth regulators (PGRs). The anti-oxidative activities of polysaccharides were evaluated using radical scavenging assays.@*RESULTS@#By response surface plot, 0.85 mg/L N6-benzyladenine (BA), 0.34 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.33 mg/L 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were the optimal factors for callus induction (90.03%) from internodes explants on MS medium. The fresh weight of green callus increased 47.26 fold, when callus was inoculated on MS + thidiazuron (TDZ) 0.5 mg/L + NAA 2.0 mg/L. Adventitious buds regenerated from callus on the media of MS were fortified with BA 1.0 mg/L plus NAA 0.5 mg/L, and the induction rate was 40.00%. MS plus indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) 1.0 mg/L produced the highest rooting rate with 10 to 15 roots in a length of 2-3 cm per shoot. The content of total polysaccharides in callus developed on MS + TDZ 0.5 mg/L + NAA 2.0 mg/L and MS + BA 1.0 mg/L + NAA 0.5 mg/L was as high as 1.72%-2.15%. At the dose of 0.5 mg/mL polysaccharides extracted from different callus induced on MS + NAA 2.0 mg/L + TDZ 0.5 mg/L or MS + BA 1.0 mg/L + NAA 0.5 mg/L or MS + BA 0.5 mg/L + 2,4-D 0.5 mg/L, the ABTS radical eliminating percentages were 82.78%, 80.18% and 68.59%, respectively, much higher than that of wild plant.@*CONCLUSION@#A rapid micropropagation system for R. dumulosa has been developed. The combination of TDZ and NAA or BA and NAA can increase the yield of the total polysaccharides. The polysaccharides isolated from callus and whole wild plants had stronger free radicals scavenging activities, indicating that polysaccharides from R. dumulosa are the potential pharmaceutical supplements.

Finite Element Analysis on Frequency Response of Human Eye under Acoustic Excitation / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the effects of excitation source, intraocular pressure and material parameters on frequency response of human eye under acoustic excitation. Methods Based on the three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of the whole eye, as well as the deformation and stress distribution of human eye, the effects of various parameters on frequency response of human eye were quantitatively analyzed. Results When other parameters were fixed and only the position and size of the excitation source changed, the amplitude at resonance of human eye (the acoustic excitation source was placed directly above the cornea, at an offset of 45°, and at larger excitation) at 134 Hz was 35, 48 and 133 μm, respectively. When only the intraocular pressure changed, the first-order resonance frequency was almost unaffected by the intraocular pressure, and the resonance frequencies of other orders would shift slightly to the left as the intraocular pressure increased. When only the scleral elastic parameters changed, the resonance frequency of eye tissues increased with the increase of the scleral elasticity. Conclusions The position and size of the excitation source have no effects on resonance frequency of human eye, but they have a greater effect on the resonance amplitude. The material parameters of human eye tissues have a greater effect on the frequency response, and there is a linear relationship between the intraocular pressure and resonance frequency. The results provide the theoretical basis for clinical development of high-performance intraocular pressure monitoring technology.

Sorafenib combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization or not in treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To study the survival outcomes in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with sorafenib combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) versus sorafenib alone.Methods:The data of 92 patients with BCLC stage C HCC at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute& Hospital from January 2008 to December 2015 were retrospectively studied. There were 82 males and 10 females. The average age was 56.3 years. Classified according to whether there were vascular invasion and/or distant metastasis, patients were divided into the vascular invasion group ( n=24), the metastasis group ( n=48), and the vascular invasion combined with metastasis group ( n=20). All patients were treated with sorafenib, but some patients received combined treatment with TACE. The survival data of these patients on follow-up was collected. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and the survival rates were compared by the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to determine the prognostic factors of patients’ survival. Results:There were no significant differences in the baseline clinical data among the three groups (all P>0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that pre-treatment alpha fetal protein >20 μg/L ( HR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.13-3.12), alkaline phosphatase >125 U/L ( HR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.03-2.49) and sorafenib alone ( HR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.23-3.54) were independent risk factors of survival for these patients. There were no significant differences in the cumulative survival rates among the three groups ( P>0.05). In the vascular invasion group, the cumulative survival rates of patients treated with combined sorafenib and TACE ( n=4) were significantly higher than those treated with sorafenib alone ( n=20) ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with sorafenib alone, sorafenib combined with TACE resulted in better prognosis for patients with BCLC stage C HCC. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with vascular invasion had significantly better survival treated with combined sorafenib and TACE than sorafenib alone.

Campus bullying and anxiety symptoms in boarding middle school students in Anyang / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the association between bullying and anxiety symptoms of boarding middle school students, and to provide a scientific basis for preventing bullying and promoting mental health of boarding middle school students.@*Methods@#By using stratified cluster random sampling method, 2 823 students were selected from 10 schools in Anyang, Henan Province. Questionnaire survey using self-designed bullying items and Mental Health Scale of Chinese Middle School Students was administered.@*Results@#The overall prevalence of school bullying was 37.9%， with boarding school students(38.9%) being higher than non-boarding school students (37.1%). The anxiety symptom reporting rate of boarding students (42.9%) was higher than that of non-boarding students (27.3%). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with non-boarding students, bully victim and bully perpetuator/victim students were more likely to have anxiety symptoms (OR=2.30, 6.04，1.94, 4.23) (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#There is a correlation between different roles of campus bullying and anxiety symptoms among boarding and non-boarding school students. Boarding school students have a higher risk of anxiety symptoms, especially among those with both experiences of bully perpetuator/victim.

Inhibition of Rac1-dependent forgetting alleviates memory deficits in animal models of Alzheimer's disease

Accelerated forgetting has been identified as a feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the therapeutic efficacy of the manipulation of biological mechanisms of forgetting has not been assessed in AD animal models. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), a small GTPase, has been shown to regulate active forgetting in Drosophila and mice. Here, we showed that Rac1 activity is aberrantly elevated in the hippocampal tissues of AD patients and AD animal models. Moreover, amyloid-beta 42 could induce Rac1 activation in cultured cells. The elevation of Rac1 activity not only accelerated 6-hour spatial memory decay in 3-month-old APP/PS1 mice, but also significantly contributed to severe memory loss in aged APP/PS1 mice. A similar age-dependent Rac1 activity-based memory loss was also observed in an AD fly model. Moreover, inhibition of Rac1 activity could ameliorate cognitive defects and synaptic plasticity in AD animal models. Finally, two novel compounds, identified through behavioral screening of a randomly selected pool of brain permeable small molecules for their positive effect in rescuing memory loss in both fly and mouse models, were found to be capable of inhibiting Rac1 activity. Thus, multiple lines of evidence corroborate in supporting the idea that inhibition of Rac1 activity is effective for treating AD-related memory loss.

Study on the analgesic effect of lidocaine and methylene blue on the analgesia of anal pain after hemorrhoids / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of lidocaine and methylene blue on the analgesia of the anal pain after hemorrhoids. Methods Using computer random way, to the hospital from January 2014 to October 2016 postoperative anal pain patients, 52 cases of hemorrhoids were randomLy divided into normal group and research group, 26 cases of each item, which the conventional pain processing, conventional group team to lidocaine and methylene blue, compared two groups of patients with analgesic effect and the incidence of adverse reactions. Results 1d, 3d, 5d and 7d were performed after surgery, and the VAS pain score of the study group was lower than that in the conventional group, and the results of the test were statistically significant (P<0.05). Statistical incidence of adverse reactions in both groups, found the team vomiting nausea, headache, dizziness and transient hypertension incidence of adverse reactions, significantly lower than the normal group, the difference between groups with the clinical inspection was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The postoperative anal pain, hemorrhoids application of lidocaine and methylene blue, can obtain satisfactory analgesia effect, operation method is simple, low incidence of adverse reactions, safe and reliable, and can use it as a clinical analgesic solution recommended applications.

Effect of gastric capsule combined with psychological intervention on immune function and quality of life in patients with advanced gastric cancer / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of gastric capsule combined with psychological intervention on immune function and quality of life in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Methods A total of 130 patients with advanced gastric cancer were enrolled in this studyfrom July 2014 to August 2016 in our hospital,andrandomly divided into two groups.Twogroups were treated with chemotherapy,andobservation group was treated anotherwithWeinaian capsule.The immune indexes, quality of life and side effects of the 2 groups before and after chemotherapy were compared and analyzed.Results After chemotherapy,CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+、CD3+ and NKlevel of observation group were better than that of control group(all P<0.05).After chemotherapy,SF-36 score of physical function, health status, vitality, emotional and mental health scores of observation group werebetter than that of control group(all P<0.05).During chemotherapy,proportion of gastrointestinal reaction and liver and kidney injury of observation group were 35.38% and 21.54%,lower than that of control group 63.08% and 40.00%(all P<0.05).Conclusion Weinaian capsule can improve immunologic function of advanced gastric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and reduce adverse reactions,so as to improve the quality of life of patients.

Effects ofTrametes Robiniophila Murr and Isatidis Radix Bidirectional Fermentation Products on Migration/Invasion of Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells and Relevant Factors / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the effects ofTrametes robiniophila Murr and Isatidis Radix bidirectional fermentation products on the migration and invasion of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and relevant factors; To discuss relevant mechanism of action.Methods Breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 was used as research subject in this experiment. Control group, Isatidis Radix group,Trametes robiniophila Murr group, andTrametes robiniophila Murr and Isatidis Radix group were included in the experiment. The effects ofTrametes robiniophila Murr and Isatidis Radix bidirectional fermentation products on MCF-7 cell proliferation were measured by MTT method. Cell scratch assay, transwell assay and adhesion assay were used to measure the effects ofTrametes robiniophila Murrand Isatidis Radix bidirectional fermentation products on the migration, invasion and adhesion capability of MCF-7 cells, respectively. The effects ofTrametes robiniophila Murrand Isatidis Radix bidirectional fermentation products on the mRNA expression of MMP-9 and Vimentin were measured by RT-PCR.Results Compared with Isatidis Radix group andTrametes robiniophila Murrgroup, Trametes robiniophila Murr and Isatidis Radix bidirectional fermentation products could significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion capability of MCF-7 cells (P<0.05). Similarly,Trametes robiniophila Murr and Isatidis Radix bidirectional fermentation products reduced the mRNA expression of MMP-9 and Vimentin (P<0.05).ConclusionTrametes robiniophila Murrand Isatidis Radix bidirectional fermentation products may down-regulate the expression of MMP-9 and Vimentin to inhibit the migration, invasion and adhesion capabilities of MCF-7 cells.

Phenotypic Tfh development promoted by CXCR5-controlled re-localization and IL-6 from radiation-resistant cells

How follicular T-helper (Tfh) cells develop is incompletely understood. We find that, upon antigen exposure in vivo, both naïve and antigen-experienced T cells sequentially upregulate CXCR5 and Bcl6 within the first 24 h, relocate to the T-B border, and give rise to phenotypic Bcl6(+)CXCR5(+) Tfh cells before the first cell division. CXCR5 upregulation is more dependent on ICOS costimulation than that of Bcl6, and early Bcl6 induction requires T-cell expression of CXCR5 and, presumably, relocation toward the follicle. This early and rapid upregulation of CXCR5 and Bcl6 depends on IL-6 produced by radiation-resistant cells. These results suggest that a Bcl6(hi)CXCR5(hi) phenotype does not automatically define a Tfh lineage but might reflect a state of antigen exposure and non-commitment to terminal effector fates and that niches in the T-B border and/or the follicle are important for optimal Bcl6 induction and maintenance.

Evolution and Development of Animal Medicine Varieties in China / 中国中医药信息杂志

Animal medicine is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine with a long application history in China. Systematically understanding the history of the development of animal medicine is of great significance to scientific protection and rational use of animal medicine resources. It has certain guiding significance to protection of wild resources, exploitation of new substitutes, standardization and summary of artificial breeding, and artificial reproduction technology. Taking the development of bezoar as an example, this article expounded the following four aspects:the development history of animal medicine, national animal protection, technical development, and prospect forecast by summarizing the Chinese ancient medical books and consulting the relevant laws and regulations. The entire above are about to offer new ideas for the sustainable development, the development of new medicine resources, and the development of animal medicine related preparation product.

Comparison of sagittal spinopelvic alignment in Chinese adolescents with and without idiopathic thoracic scoliosis.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective radiographical study investigated the sagittal alignment in healthy Chinese girls and Chinese girls with idiopathic thoracic scoliosis (T-AIS). OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sagittal alignment of the pelvis and spine in Chinese girls with idiopathic scoliosis and healthy girls and to assess whether the pelvic morphology differed between white and Chinese girls with AIS. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: It has been shown that patients with AIS have an abnormal spinopelvic balance and pelvic morphology. Race is a determinant factor of sagittal spinal alignment and serves as a reminder when planning surgical reconstruction for spinal deformity. Until now, there have been no studies documenting the sagittal lumbosacral spine morphology in Chinese girls with T-AIS. METHODS: In this study, 95 patients with T-AIS and 33 healthy age-matched adolescents were recruited consecutively. Sagittal spinal and pelvic parameters were measured from the standing lateral radiograph, including thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), upper arc of LL, lower arc of LL, pelvic incidence (PI), sacrum slope (SS), and pelvic tilt (PT). Analysis of variance was used in the comparison of each dependent variable between patients with AIS and healthy adolescents. The relations between all parameters were determined via Pearson correlation coefficient (r). RESULTS: For all the sagittal parameters, only the TK and the upper arc of the LL showed significant differences between girls with AIS and healthy girls. The LL, lower arc of the LL, and 3 pelvic parameters were similar for both groups. The TK was found to be strongly correlated with LL and the upper arc of the LL in both groups. However, the TK was not related to the lower arc of the LL, nor were the 3 pelvic parameters in either group. In addition, LL was found to be associated with PI and SS in both groups. The lower arc of the LL was also correlated with PI for both groups. The PI was related to PT and SS in both groups; however, no correlation was found between PT and SS. In this study, the TK (15.7°), SS (35.1°), and PI (44.2°) were found to be significantly lower in Chinese patients with T-AIS than the values reported in the AIS cohort. CONCLUSION: In our study, the Chinese girls with T-AIS had similar PI, PT, and SS values when compared with the age-matched healthy girls. There were significant differences in pelvic morphology between Chinese and white girls with AIS. These results suggest that race may influence an individual's spinopelvic morphology. Although we have shown that the TK could affect LL through the upper arc of the LL directly, the evaluation of the thoracolumbar morphology of T-AIS before surgery is important for surgical planning.

The determination of upper instrumented vertebra in anterior selective fusion on the correction outcomes of Lenke type 5 idiopathic scoliosis / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the influence of fusion to upper end vertebra(UEV)or not on the correction outcomes of Lenke type 5 idiopathic scoliosis with anterior selective fusion.Methods From January 2002 to December 2006,36 AIS patients with a Lenke type 5 curve received anterior single-rod selective fusion and had a minimum 2-year follow-up.According to the level of upper instrumented vertebra,the patients were divided into two groups:Group A(n=21),fused to UEV,and Group B(n=15),fused to the vertebra below UEV.Patients of Group A and B had a mean age of 15.3 and 15.5 years,a mean thoracolumbar/lumbar curve of 46.2° and 46.7°,and a mean proximal thoracic curve of 26.3° and 29.6°,respectively.During the surgery,average 5.3 and 4.8 levels of vertebrae were fused in Group A and B,respectively.Results Group A and B had a mean follow-up of 31 and 33 months,respectively.The correction rate of major curves in Group A was marginally higher than in Group B(79％ versus 70％,P=0.062),and the spontaneous correction rate of proximal curves in Group A was higher than in Group B(46％ versus 29％,P=0.044).Regarding the pre-operative sagittal profile,similar lumbar lordosis and sacral slope were observed between both groups,and a slight negative balance was maintained.Thoracic kyphosis showed a mild increment in both groups.Thoracolumbar junctional kyphosis resulted in a trivial kyphotic trend.Proximal junctional measurement showed a slight increment in kyphosis,and instrumented segment angle displayed a decreasing lordotic trend.Conclusion Fusion to UEV in anterior selective fusion of Lenke type 5 curve might lead to a better correction of the thoracolumbar/lumbar curve and the unfused proximal thoracic curve,while have no significant influence on the sagittal reconstruction.

Influence of arousal in emotional stroop effect / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the arousal effect in the emotional Stroop effect by systematically manipulating the valence and arousal of affective stimuli.Methods 27 college students were recruited to distinThe main effect of emotion on RT was significant (F(5.130) = 5.90, P ＜ 0.01 ), RTs in positive (( 893±36 ) ms)main effect of Emotion on ACC was marginally significant (F(5.130) = 2.63, P = 0.05 ), ACC in high arousing negalence on RT was significant (F(1.26 = 7.03, P =0.013 ).Further analysis revealed that RTs in positive condition was significant (F(1.26) =5.63, P=0.025),ACC in high arousing condition (0.93 ±0.17) was lower than ACC in low arousing condition (0.95 ± 0.09 ).Conclusion The emotional Stroop effect mainly depends on the arousal information of affective stimuli.

Bracing treatment for girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: clinical outcomes and predictive factors / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To analyze the outcomes of bracing treatment for girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), and to investigate the predictive factors of the protocol. Methods This study included 142 girls with AIS who finished standardized bracing treatment from July 2003 to July 2009. These patients had a mean age of 13.1±1.5 years, a mean main curve of 29.6°±5.4°, and a mean Risser grade of 2.0±1.5 before bracing treatment. Curve progression was defined that Cobb angle was greater than 6° compared to bracing initiation or was aggravated to more than 45° (indicative for surgery). The outcomes of bracing treatment were assessed based on the ratio of curves of progression or indicative for surgery. Chi-square and Logistic regression Analyses were performed to investigate the predictive factors of bracing treatment. Results The duration of bracing treatment averaged 2.5±1.0 years. Twenty-seven girls with curve progression (19%)and 115 girls (81%) with non-progression were found. Final curve which was greater than 45° was found in 18 girls (13%) who need a correction surgery, the remaining 124 girls (87%) had completed bracing treatment and avoided surgery. Chi-square analyses revealed that curve progression were more common in younger girls with lower Risser grade, with initial larger Cobb angle and with a main thoracic curve pattern.Logistic regression analyses found that premenarchal status and a main thoracic curve pattern were the independent risk factors of curve progression despite bracing. While initial Cobb angle which was greater than 30° was the additional independent risk factor of progression requiring surgery. Conclusion Bracing treatment could effectively prevent curve progression in most girls with AIS. The degree of growth maturity, the pattern and grade of curve are the influencing factor for bracing treatment.

[Effect of seed soaking with aluminum on seed germination and seedling physiology of Platycodon grandiflorum].

In order to study the effect of seed soaking with different aluminum solution on seed germination and seedling physiological characteristics of Platycondon grandiflorum, two P. grandiflorum varieties'seed (the white flower and the purple flower) were soaked in Al3+ solution with different concentrations (0, 10, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg x L) for 24 h, then germinated in illumination incubator. Results showed that the aluminum toxicity on the trends of the germination rate, germination index and vigor index was positive associated with its concentration, and the Al tolerance of the purple was slightly greater than that of the white. There were some relationships between the physiological indices, which were the leakage rate of electrolyte, the malonaldehyde (MDA) content, the activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) , the free praline(Pro) and the soluble sugar contents, with the concentrations of Al. It was suggested that there was Al tolerance difference between the two P. grandiflorum varieties: the purple flower was greater than the white.

Vertebral Coplanar alignment for correction of thoracic scoliosis: techniques and results / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To prospectively explore the techniques and correction results of the method of vertebral coplanar alignment (VCA) in posterior correction for thoracic scoliosis. Methods Between June 2008 to March 2009, 27 patients with idiopathic thoracic scoliosis were selected to undergo posterior pedicle screw fixation with assistance of Coplanar system. There were 26 females and 1 male with the average age of 15.9 years(ranged 11-23 years). There were type 1 in 25 cases and type 2 in two cases. The levels of fusion were established according to the Lenke criteria. The average preoperative coronal Cobb angle was 49°(ranged 40°-70° ). During the procedure, the pedicle screws were inserted in each involved levels on the convex side, an extended Coplanar tube was screwed in line with screw axis to each screws. Then two rigid bars were inserted through the uppermost part of the slotted tube sequentially. As the bar was gently driven down toward the bottom end, the pedicle screws axis started to converge in the straight line, correcting translation and rotation. Spacers were inserted into the slots of the tubes to achieve the ideal physiologic thoracic kyphosis. Once the rod was fixated in the concave side of the main curve, the Coplanar system could be removed. Results The mean postoperative Cobb angle was 14° (ranged 6°-25°), representing the correction rate of 70.7%. The average duration of surgery was 245 min (ranged 210-300 min) and a mean estimated blood loss was 1500 ml (ranged 600-2100 ml). The duration of follow-up averaged 15 (12-18) months. The loss of correction at last follow-up was 3° with the loss of correction rate of 6.1%. In the sagittal plane, the thoracic kyphosis was restored from 18° to 25°. No coronal or sagittal plane decompensation occurred. No thoraeoplasties were necessary to correct the residual rib hump. There was no death, infection and neurological complications. Conclusion The Coplanar is a new technique for the correction of scoliosis, its advantage lies in excellent and modulatable three-dimensional correction with a single and standardized maneuver.

Perioperative evaluation and treatment strategy for severe scoliosis with respiratory failure / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the preoperative evaluation of pulmonary function and protocol for scoliotic patients with respiratory failure. Methods From September 2000 to June 2008, sixteen patients suffered from respiratory failure were recruited into this study. There were two males and three females who were diagnosed as idiopathic scoliosis with a mean age of 13.5 years (range, 10-16 years). The other eleven patients were diagnosed as congenital scoliosis, including five males and six females with a mean age of 12.4 years (range, 10-14 years). The mean preoperative Cobb angle was 126.6°±15.5° with a mean height of 137.6 cm (range, 120-160 cm) and a mean weight of 32.5 kg (range, 18-40 kg). Decision was made depending on the severity of pulmonary impairment and spinal deformity. Preoperative treatment included respiratory training, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation therapy and halo-gravity traction. Results All patients received corrective surgery; ten patients were extubated tracheal tubes successfully 1 hour after surgery and six patients had to stay in intensive care unit (ICU) for 24 hours. Pulmonaryedema occurred in two cases and pneumonia in one case. The Cobb angle had improved to 72.0°±13.2° after surgery with a correction rate of 43%. All patients recovered well after surgery with no major cardiac or pulmonary complications.Conclusion Patients with preexisting respiratory failure can tolerate deformity correction operation with few complications after receiving a set of preoperative respiratory training modalities.

A significant increase of RNAi efficiency in human cells by the CMV enhancer with a tRNAlys promoter.

RNA interference (RNAi) is the process of mRNA degradation induced by double-stranded RNA in a sequence-specific manner. Different types of promoters, such as U6, H1, tRNA, and CMV, have been used to control the inhibitory effect of RNAi expression vectors. In the present study, we constructed two shRNA expression vectors, respectively, controlled by tRNA(lys) and CMV enhancer-tRNA(lys) promoters. Compared to the vectors with tRNA(lys) or U6 promoter, the vector with a CMV enhancer-tRNA(lys) promoter silenced pokemon more efficiently on both the mRNA and the protein levels. Meanwhile, the silencing of pokemon inhibited the proliferation of MCF7 cells, but the induction of apoptosis of MCF7 cells was not observed. We conclude that the CMV enhancer-tRNA(lys) promoter may be a powerful tool in driving intracellular expression of shRNA which can efficiently silence targeted gene.

Inconsistence between the changing pattern of somatosensory-envoked potentials and post-operative neurological function in surgery for thoracic spinal stenosis / 中国矫形外科杂志

[Objective]To investigate the value of intra-operative somatosensory-evoked potential monitoring in surgery for thoracic spinal stenosis.[Method]Twenty-two patients with thoracic spinal stenosis underwent decompressive laminectomy surgery.The preoperative and intraoperative SPEs were recorded.The SEPs were analyzed with three indices:(1)SEPs wave pattern;(2)P40 latency;(3)P40-N50 amplitude.More than 50% decrease in SEPs amplitudes or more than 10% increase in latency was considered to be the warning threshold.[Result]Cases were classified into four groups according to preoperative SPEs wave pattern.Type Ⅰ inclued 2 cases whose SEPs monitoring had least meaning,and the spinal cord function remained unchanged postoperatively.4 cases with Type Ⅱ and the SEPs wave pattern were too unreliable to make analysis.Eleven cases in Type Ⅲ showed significant changes on SEPs,and most patients felt relief of symptom a week later.Type IV with 5 cases showed normal SEPs and all of them got well restored neurological function.[Conclusion]SEPs has good correlation with clinical outcomes.Its sensitivity,instant response and quantitative analysis make SEPs with great effectiveness in intraoperative monitoring on surgery of thoracic spinal stenosis.