Trisilane-1,3-diolato complexes of Ti and Zr: syntheses and X-ray crystal structures.

The syntheses and structures of zirconium and titanium complexes containing the novel chelating trisilane-1,3-diolate ligand [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]2- (R = SiMe3) (5)-H2 are reported. The chloride complexes [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]TiCl2 (7a) and [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]ZrCl2 x 2 THF (7b) were prepared by the reaction of MCl4 (M = Ti, Zr) with [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]2Ti (6a) and [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]2Zr (6b), which are derived from the reaction of 5 with M(NEt2)4, respectively. In the presence of TiCl4, complexes 6a and 7a undergo a ring-opening reaction to produce the dinuclear complex [Me2Si(R2SiO)2][TiCl3]2 (9). [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]TiMe2 (10) and [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]TiBnz2 (11) were prepared in moderate yields from reactions of 7a with 2 equiv of MeMgBr and BnzMgCl, respectively. According to NMR spectroscopic investigations, the reaction of the dimethyltitanium complex 10 with B(C6F5)3 led to full exchange of both methyl groups by C6F5 groups under quantitative formation of [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]Ti(C6F5)2 (12) and a mixture of B(C6F5)(3-n)Me(n), where n = 1-3. The structure of 12 is further evidenced by the preparation of an identical sample from the reaction of 7a with 2 equiv of C6F5MgBr. Refluxing an ether solution of 12 surprisingly gave [Me2Si(R2SiO)2]2TiC6F5]2O (13) as a result of ether cleavage. The structures of the complexes 7a, 7b, 9, 10, and 13 were determined by X-ray crystallography, and structural discussion of the bond parameters will be given.

[Genital findings in sexually abused prepubertal girls]. / Kindergynäkologische Aspekte des sexuellen Missbrauchs.

Genital findings in sexually abused prepubertal girls. Childhood sexual abuse is defined as the involvement of dependent, developmentally immature children and adolescents in sexual activities that they do not fully comprehend, to which they are unable to give informed consent or that violate the social taboos of family roles. Essential to the diagnosis of sexual abuse is an awareness of the problem and acknowledgement of its manifestations. The evaluation of the sexually abused girl usually is performed in a pediatric and adolescent gynecology outpatient department. Thus, the gynecologist will be part of a multidisciplinary approach to the problem and will need to be competent in the basic skills of history taking, physical examination, selection of laboratory tests und differential diagnosis. Findings secondary to sexual abuse are often subtle. Acute tears or bruisings are rare, because force is seldom part of sexual acts committed against a child. A vaginal opening of greater than 5 mm is not common and may indicate vaginal penetration. An intact hymen not necessarily exclude vaginal intercourse. Lack of physical evidence never rules out abuse because sexual acts may leave no physical findings.

Identification of a sperm receptor-glycoprotein from the porcine zona pellucida.

Porcine zona pellucida were solubilized by treatment with lithium 3,5-diiodosalicylate. Following further purification by phenol/water extraction, ethanol precipitation and high performance liquid chromatography a total of 11 fractions were obtained. Fractions in the molecular mass range, that were previously found to possess antigenic properties, were tested in a spermatozoa radio-receptor binding assay. One of the fractions with an N-terminal amino-acid residue of alanine was found to have spermatozoa receptor properties. This result might aid future studies on the spermatozoazona pellucida interactions at the molecular level.

[The EEG and its correlation with the intermittent vertebrobasilar syndrome]. / Das Hirnstrombild in der Korrelation zum Syndrom der intermittierenden vertebro-basilären Insuffizienz.

A total of 325 patients with an intermittent vertebrobasilar insufficiency syndrome were subjected to electroencephalography. Certain characteristic features could be determined. Dominant among pathological findings were beta wave frequency bands in females. Normal electroencephalograms were obtained especially in males. There was frequently observed a low level of brain potentials, but this should not be regarded as an obligate criterion. Correlation of the electroencephalogram with the clinical syndrome was only possible by taking into account the patient's medical history and by taking additional diagnostic measures, more especially as other processes in the middle and posterior cranial fossae also tended to produce corresponding changes in electroencephalograms. Also dealth with by the author in his present paper are pathophysiological relationships.

Multiple malignancies in patients with primary carcinomas of the head and neck.

Eight hundred and twenty-five patients with primary carcinomas of the head and neck area were studied. Of these, there were 54 individuals with multiple primary neoplasms. Synchronous lesions occurred in 19 patients while nonsynchronous lesions occurred in 35. The frequency of occurrence of second neoplasms was 6.5%, which nearly doubles that of previously recorded series. A conclusion which can be made from this study is that, as long as the carcinogenic agent (alcohol and/or tobacco) continues to be present, the patient will continue to be affected.

Rhabdomyosarcoma in children. A clinicopathologic study of 35 patients.

Thirty-five patients with rhabdomyosarcoma were treated at the Children's Hospital Medical Center from 1953 to 1973. Factors important in diagnosis and prognosis included age, sex, site, stage of tumor, and specific pathologic type. Effects that surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy had on survivals were also analyzed. Survivals ranged from 2 to 20 years. The rates were 86% for Stage I disease; 40% for Stage II disease, and 0 for the more advanced lesions. A useful prognostic indicator was found in pathologic subgroupings. Survivals for the myxoid spindle-cell variant were 80% for all stages. For the partial maturation series with moderately well-differentiated rhabdomyoblasts, survival was 10% for all stages. For a combination of the above two types, survival was 40% for all stages. The alveolar types had no survivors, although these patients seemed to live longer with their disease.