Stress-responsive genes (hsp70 and mt) and genotoxicity elicited by roxarsone exposure in Carassius auratus.

In this study, comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis), real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and proteomics approach were used to comprehensively assess toxicity elicited by roxarsone exposure in C. auratus at 50, 150 and 300 µg/L for 7, 14 and 21 days. Results of comet assay showed that DNA were seriously damaged under the pressure of roxarsone, especially the concentration of 50 µg/L that always maintained a sustained and increased damage effect to fish liver cell during the 21 days experiment. The expressions of biomarker genes showed that hsp70 gene expressions raised significantly and the group of 50 µg/L also showed a continued increased response effect, whereas mt gene was only slightly increased. Results of proteomics for the concentration of 300 µg/L found that thirty six significantly changed proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS. They are involved in many important processes including energy producing, cytoskeleton stabilization, substance metabolism and stress response. Among these metabolites, carbohydrate metabolism (mainly occurred during day 1-14) and cytoskeleton proteins (mainly occurred during day 14-21) were the most identified proteins. These results revealed that the low levels of 50 µg/L probably led to a continuous damage than the higher groups during the experiment time. Furthermore, proteomics results might implied that though cell system expected to mobilize almost all the functional proteins to quickly establish a new homeostasis together when facing the roxarsone at first, but in the end the destroyed cell cytoskeleton structure might burst the bubble.

Role of HSP70 in ozone preconditioning-induced reduction of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To evaluate the role of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in ozone preconditioning-induced reduction of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats.Methods Twenty-four pathogen-free healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 8 weeks,weighing 250-300 g,were divided into 4 groups (n=6 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),group I/R,ozone preconditioning group (group OP) and HSP70 inhibitor quercetin group (group Q).Hepatic I/R injury was induced by clamping the branches of hepatic artery supplying left and middle lobes of the liver,portal vein and bile vessel for 45 min,followed by 2 h of reperfusion.In group OP,the mixture of ozone and oxygen was intraperitoneally injected at the concentration of ozone 50 μg/ml and bolus dose 1 mg/kg once a day for 5 consecutive days before operation.In group Q,quercetin 7 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected at 1 h before injecting the mixture of ozone and oxygen.Blood samples from the abdominal aorta were collected at 2 h of reperfusion for determination of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities and concentrations of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in serum (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).The animals were sacrificed after blood sampling,and hepatic tissue specimens were collected for detection of activated caspase-3 expression (by Western blot) and cell apoptosis (by TUNEL).Apoptotic index (AI) was calculated.Results Compared with group S,the serum ALT and AST activities,concentrations of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in serum and AI were significantly increased,and the expression of activated caspase-3 was up-regulated in group I/R (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group I/R,the serum ALT and AST activities,concentrations of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in serum and AI were significantly decreased,and the expression of activated caspase-3 was downregulated in group OP (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group OP,the serum ALT and AST activities,concentrations of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in serum and AI were significantly increased,and the expression of activated caspase-3 was up-regulated in group Q (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion The mechanism by which ozone preconditioning reduces hepatic I/R injury is related to activating HSP70 and inhibiting inflammatory responses and cell apoptosis in rats.

Balloon catheter dilation of esophageal caustic ingestion stenosis in children / 介入放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the methods and effect of balloon catheter dilation of esophageal caustic ingestion stenosis in children. Methods We analysed 18 cases, including 10 cases of esophageal stenosis due to ingestion of sulphuric acid, 7 cases of esophageal stenosis caused by ingestion of sodium carbonate and the last one through ingestion of chemical materials include zinc sulphate. Barium esophagogram was taken before dilation for every patient and the balloon size varied from 4 mm?40 mm to 16 mm?40 mm or 20 mm?40 mm in diameter was selected for the procedure. Results 18 cases were all successful in dilation by balloon catheter, without esophageal perforation and other complications. The satisfactory results maintained from six months to thirty months with remarkable improvement clinicoly. Conclusions Balloon catheter dilation is a simple, safe and reliable method for the treatment of esophageal caustic ingestion stenosis in children, and should be recommended as the first choice.

Pharmacological Study on Yiqipingchuan Pills(Radix Ginseng,Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum,etc.) / 中成药

This experiment showed that Yiqipingchuan Pills possessed obvious treatment action of cough and asthma,and expectorant action.It could cause a striking increase in the immunity-organ weight and carbon-particle clearance of hypoimmune mice.It was also found that these pills could make the con- centration of serum-hydrocortisone rise and the Vitamin C content in suprarene lower remarkably.