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Reproduction ; 146(4): 363-76, 2013 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23884860

RESUMO

Ionizing radiation has been shown to arrest spermatogenesis despite the presence of surviving stem spermatogonia, by blocking their differentiation. This block is a result of damage to the somatic environment and is reversed when gonadotropins and testosterone are suppressed, but the mechanisms are still unknown. We examined spermatogonial differentiation and Sertoli cell factors that regulate spermatogonia after irradiation, during hormone suppression, and after hormone suppression combined with Leydig cell elimination with ethane dimethane sulfonate. These results showed that the numbers and cytoplasmic structure of Sertoli cells are unaffected by irradiation, only a few type A undifferentiated (Aund) spermatogonia and even fewer type A1 spermatogonia remained, and immunohistochemical analysis showed that Sertoli cells still produced KIT ligand (KITLG) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Some of these cells expressed KIT receptor, demonstrating that the failure of differentiation was not a result of the absence of the KIT system. Hormone suppression resulted in an increase in Aund spermatogonia within 3 days, a gradual increase in KIT-positive spermatogonia, and differentiation mainly to A3 spermatogonia after 2 weeks. KITL (KITLG) protein expression did not change after hormone suppression, indicating that it is not a factor in the stimulation. However, GDNF increased steadily after hormone suppression, which was unexpected since GDNF is supposed to promote stem spermatogonial self-renewal and not differentiation. We conclude that the primary cause of the block in spermatogonial development is not due to Sertoli cell factors such (KITL\GDNF) or the KIT receptor. As elimination of Leydig cells in addition to hormone suppression resulted in differentiation to the A3 stage within 1 week, Leydig cell factors were not necessary for spermatogonial differentiation.


Assuntos
Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado de Linhagem de Célula Glial/metabolismo , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/metabolismo , Células de Sertoli/metabolismo , Espermatogênese/fisiologia , Espermatogônias/fisiologia , Fator de Células-Tronco/metabolismo , Testosterona/farmacologia , Androgênios/farmacologia , Animais , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos da radiação , Células Cultivadas , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Intersticiais do Testículo/efeitos da radiação , Masculino , Ratos , Células de Sertoli/efeitos dos fármacos , Células de Sertoli/efeitos da radiação , Espermatogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatogênese/efeitos da radiação , Espermatogônias/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatogônias/efeitos da radiação
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