RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Snoring is a common symptom of Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB), a condition that is present in 4% of the general population. SDB is identified by snoring and repetitive cessation of breathing during sleep accompanied by repetitive hypoxia and has been found to be associated with hypertension, stroke and heart attack.The general risk factors associated with severe preeclampsia significantly overlap with those reported to increase the risk of SDB syndromes. Further risk factors that need consideration include: multiple pregnancy, diabetes and chronic hypertension treatment. OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of SDB in the pregnant population in a metropolitan hospital and to examine self-reported snoring against actual snoring as determined by Sonomat © studies and report fetal outcomes of those who snored compared to those who did not snore. METHODS: A questionnaire containing The Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the Berlin Questionnaire (which examines snoring and tiredness) was administered to 3000 pregnancies over a period of two years. Women were additionally recruited for detailed sleep studies, which entailed continuous night time blood pressure monitoring, encephalogram for sleep staging and continuous night time cardiotocographic monitoring. RESULTS: To date, 2206 surveys have been completed. Sleep studies have been undertaken by 280 women, of which half have continuous blood pressure readings. The detailed data provided through these studies is currently being examined and will be completed by June 2012. CONCLUSION: This study is unique and unprecedented in the scope of detailed data obtained through the variety of parameters measured. Coupled with pregnancy progression and comprehensive maternal and neonatal outcomes, it is anticipated that this multi-faceted study will provide a wealth of knowledge on sleep patterns, SDB and its effect on pregnancy for both the mother and the fetus.
RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Snoring is a common symptom of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), a condition that is present in 4% of the general population. SDB is identified by snoring and repetitive cessation of breathing during sleep accompanied by repetitive hypoxia and has been found to be associated with hypertension, stroke and heart attack. There is not depth of knowledge examining the association between SDB and pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of self reported snoring in pregnancy and the potential association between self reported snoring and the development of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP) within a larger cohort from a prevalence of SDB in pregnancy study. METHODS: Questionnaires were administered to pregnant women attending an outpatient's antenatal clinic. The self reported snoring is a component of the Epworth scale. Pregnancy progression and outcome data were collected on all participants and analyse by IBM SPSS v.20™ utilising Chi-square analysis, Student T test and logistic regression analysis. HDP diagnoses were in alignment with the SOMANZ (2009) diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: Questionnaires were administered and outcomes collected on 2023 pregnancies. Snoring was reported by 49.2% of women. HDP affected 10.1% of the cohort, 3.3% of whom were preeclamptic. Of the pregnancies affected by HDP self reported snoring occurred in 57.7% in comparison to 43.3% who do not report snoring (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This would indicate that there is an association between self reported snoring and the development of HDP. Further analysis will be undertaken to model the effect of other potential risk factors such as maternal age, parity, pre-pregnancy BMI and other co morbidities.