Warmth, Competence, and Blame: Examining Mothers of Sexually Abused Children Within the Stereotype Content Model.

Research shows that nonoffending mothers are frequently held at fault for child sexual abuse (CSA), by both society and professionals, with contradictory explanations for the fault. For example, the same maternal characteristic can be used to assign blame or alleviate blame (i.e., single mothers have been held more at fault for their child's CSA and less at fault). The purpose of this study was to assess a theoretically based model that could account for these different reasons. We tested the stereotype content model (SCM), which examines the content of stereotypes toward target groups, by focusing on perceptions of that group's levels of warmth and competence. We sampled 136 undergraduate participants who read a vignette describing CSA, and completed the SCM with the mother of the victim as the target, and measures of mother fault. Our results showed that participants fell into three SCM groups of mother fault: (a) Moderate Contemptuous Prejudice (i.e., low competence, low warmth); (b) Admiration (i.e., moderate competence, high warmth); and (c) Very Contemptuous Prejudice (i.e., very low competence, very low warmth). Each cluster also held unique emotions toward the mother, as predicted by the SCM. Results further showed that assigned levels of fault were significant, but that fault did not vary by SCM group, lending support to the ideas that the SCM can be applied to this group and that different participants assign fault for different reasons.

Canadian Support for IVF Access and Use.

OBJECTIVE: Apply Weiner's attribution-affect-action (AAA) model to the context of societal support for access to assisted reproductive technology (ART). METHODS: Five hundred and fifty-four Canadians were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 vignette conditions describing reproductively challenged women differentiated by the root cause of their need for ART. Following this, participants completed an online questionnaire measuring the components of the AAA model. RESULTS: The overall expected relationships among the AAA framework variables were found. Participants were least willing to support access to ART for women perceived as relatively more responsible for their fertility issues and who elicited lower levels of sympathy, whereas participants were most willing to support access for women viewed as less responsible and who elicited more sympathy. Additionally, participants were most supportive of general access to ART and least supportive when asked to offer personal funds to assist the women with access. CONCLUSION: These findings have potential implications for Canadian health care policy decisions on funding fertility treatments through the universal health care system. Further research on this issue, as well as the development and testing of interventions aimed at addressing beliefs around equitable and inclusive access to ART, are warranted.

Informed reproductive decision-making: the impact of providing fertility information on fertility knowledge and intentions to delay childbearing.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the impact of providing fertility information on personal levels of fertility knowledge and intentions to delay childbearing. METHODS: Participants (n=69 young childless women) were randomly assigned to either an experimental (fertility-related) or control (alcohol-related) informational intervention group. Subsequent to the exposure to information, participants completed a questionnaire measuring fertility knowledge and intentions for reproduction. We predicted that the provision of fertility-related information would result in greater fertility knowledge and less intention to delay childbearing among young childless women. RESULTS: The young women exposed to the brief fertility information intervention were significantly more likely to respond correctly to questions testing their fertility knowledge, and reported less intention to delay childbearing than the young women in the control group. CONCLUSION: This study provided evidence that providing fertility-related information contributes to greater reproductive knowledge and may affect childbearing intentions. Future research is warranted to examine the influence of fertility information on reproductive decision-making within a theoretical framework in order to ensure that subsequent information interventions maximize their effectiveness.

Objectif : Examiner les effets de l'offre de renseignements en matière de fertilité sur les niveaux personnels de connaissances au sujet de la fertilité et sur les intentions de différer la grossesse. Méthodes : Les participantes (n = 69 jeunes femmes sans enfants) ont été affectées au hasard à un groupe d'intervention informationnelle expérimental (traitant de fertilité) ou témoin (traitant d'alcool). À la suite de leur exposition aux renseignements, les participantes ont rempli un questionnaire mesurant les connaissances en matière de fertilité et les intentions en matière de procréation. Nous avions prédit que l'offre de renseignements traitant de fertilité entraînerait une amélioration des connaissances au sujet de la fertilité et une atténuation de l'intention de reporter la grossesse chez les jeunes femmes sans enfants. Résultats : Les jeunes femmes exposées à une brève intervention informationnelle traitant de fertilité ont été considérablement plus susceptibles de répondre correctement aux questions visant leurs connaissances au sujet de la fertilité; de plus, elles étaient moins susceptibles de signaler une intention de reporter la grossesse que les jeunes femmes du groupe témoin. Conclusion : Les données issues de cette étude indiquent que l'offre de renseignements traitant de fertilité contribue à l'amélioration des connaissances au sujet de la procréation et pourrait influencer les intentions en ce qui concerne la grossesse. La tenue d'autres recherches s'avère justifiée pour examiner l'influence des renseignements traitant de fertilité sur le processus décisionnel en matière de procréation dans un cadre théorique, de façon à ce que l'on puisse s'assurer que les interventions informationnelles subséquentes maximisent leur efficacité.