Effect of Exogenous Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfide Donors on Insulin Sensitivity of the Adipose Tissue.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and inorganic polysulfides are important signaling molecules; however, little is known about their role in adipose tissue. We examined the effect of H2S and polysulfides on insulin sensitivity of the adipose tissue in rats. Plasma glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids, and glycerol were measured after administration of H2S and the polysulfide donors, Na2S and Na2S4, respectively. In addition, the effect of Na2S and Na2S4 on insulin-induced glucose uptake and inhibition of lipolysis was studied in adipose tissue explants ex vivo. Na2S and Na2S4 administered in vivo at a single dose of 100 µmol/kg had no effect on plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. In addition, Na2S and Na2S4 did not modify the effect of insulin on plasma glucose, fatty acids, and glycerol concentrations. Na2S and Na2S4had no effect on the antilipolytic effect of insulin in adipose tissue explants ex vivo. The effect of insulin on 2-deoxyglucose uptake by adipose tissue was impaired in obese rats which was accompanied by lower insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and Akt. Na2S4, but not Na2S, improved insulin signaling and increased insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake by adipose tissue of obese rats. The results suggest that polysulfides may normalize insulin sensitivity, at least in the adipose tissue, in obesity/metabolic syndrome.

Role of Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfides in the Regulation of Lipolysis in the Adipose Tissue: Possible Implications for the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and inorganic polysulfides are important signaling molecules; however, little is known about their role in the adipose tissue. We examined the effect of H2S and polysulfides on adipose tissue lipolysis. H2S and polysulfide production by mesenteric adipose tissue explants in rats was measured. The effect of Na2S and Na2S4, the H2S and polysulfide donors, respectively, on lipolysis markers, plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and glycerol, was examined. Na2S but not Na2S4 increased plasma NEFA and glycerol in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Na2S increased cyclic AMP but not cyclic GMP concentration in the adipose tissue. The effect of Na2S on NEFA and glycerol was abolished by the specific inhibitor of protein kinase A, KT5720. The effect of Na2S on lipolysis was not abolished by propranolol, suggesting no involvement of ß-adrenergic receptors. In addition, Na2S had no effect on phosphodiesterase activity in the adipose tissue. Obesity induced by feeding rats a highly palatable diet for 1 month was associated with increased plasma NEFA and glycerol concentrations, as well as greater H2S production in the adipose tissue. In conclusion, H2S stimulates lipolysis and may contribute to the enhanced lipolysis associated with obesity.

Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio helps predict the grade of glial tumor - a pilot study.

UNLABELLED: Neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) is a recognized prognostic marker for renal, lung or colorectal carcinomas. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the preoperative value of NLCR might serve as a predictive marker for glial tumors' grading. METHODS: The retrospective analysis of NLCR was performed in neurosurgical patients treated for glial brain tumors. The preoperative NLCR was analyzed in accordance with WHO glial tumors' classification, which distinguishes G1, G2, G3 and G4 (glioblastoma) tumors. RESULTS: The analysis of NLCR was performed in 424 patients (258 males and 166 females) aged 53 ± 16 years who underwent either an open surgery or stereotactic biopsy for a glial brain tumor. G1 was diagnosed in 22 patients, G2 - in 71 patients, G3 - in 63 patients and G4 - in 268 patients. The highest value of NLCR was noted in G4 patients (5.08 [3.1; 8.7] - median [quartiles 1 and 3, respectively]) and was significantly higher compared to G3 (p<0.01), G2 (p<0.001) and G1 (p<0.01) groups. Moreover, NLCR was significantly higher in group G3 than G2 (p<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed 2.579 as a cut-off point for prediction of glioblastoma. CONCLUSION: Preoperative NLCR measurement corresponds with a glial brain tumor grading.

Knowledge and attitude of Lublin universities students' toward the opportunity of becoming unrelated bone marrow donor.

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) is a very important life-saving procedure to treat many disorders. In August 2014, there were more than 24.5 million donor registered in the Worldwide Bone Marrow Donor Register. In the Polish Register of Unrelated Bone Marrow and Umbilical Cord Blood Donors at the end of 2013 there were almost 540 thousand registered bone marrow donors. Despite increasing numbers of registered donors, the amount of requests also increased. It shows that the number of donors is still insufficient. The analysis of knowledge and attitude of Lublin universities students' toward the opportunity to become an unrelated bone marrow donor was the aim of our study. 1609 Lublin students from non-medical universities from different years and specializations of study, of both sexes, aged 19-35 took part in the survey. It consisted of 16 questions. There were knowledge-testing questions, and also personal ones. Among interviewees, 16% were registered as potential bone marrow donors. The reason for not being registered registration chosen most often was that the surveyed did not take this into consideration. Correct answers to all of the questions were given by 21% of students. The biggest number of incorrect answers was given to the question about a place from bone marrow is harvested - nearly 49%. Registered students showed a better level of knowledge than the unregistered. We noted a low level of knowledge about bone marrow donation and possibility of becoming potential bone marrow donor among Lublin universities students.