[Computed tomography in cats with craniofacial trauma with regard to maxillary and orbital fractures]. / Computertomographische Untersuchung des Schädels von Katzen mit kraniofazialem Trauma im Hinblick auf Maxilla- und Orbitafrakturen.

OBJECTIVE: Computed tomographic examination of the skull of cats with craniofacial trauma. Analysis of diagnostic findings with regard to the occurrence of isolated and combined maxillary and orbital fractures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study (August 2006 - June 2010): Computed tomography (CT) of the skull of cats with craniofacial trauma. RESULTS: Thirty-eight cats met the inclusion criteria. Breeds were 36 Domestic Shorthair cats, one Maine Coon and one Somali cat. Age at admission ranged from 11 to 187 months. The ratio of the numbers of males to females was 22:16 (1.4). Computed tomographic examination revealed a maxillary fracture in 27 (71%) animals. Sixteen (42%) cats had multiple maxillary fractures (≥2). Twenty-eight animals (74%) displayed orbital fractures. Combined maxillary and orbital fractures occurred in 26 (68%) patients. The odds ratio of this combined occurrence was 87 (p<0.001). Sixteen (57%) of 28 cats with orbital fractures showed multiple orbital fractures (≥2). The incidence of bilateral orbital fractures was 67% (25 patients). The medial orbital wall was the most commonly fractured orbital wall (66%), and the orbital floor the second most common (61%). CONCLUSION: Computed tomographic examination of the skull of cats with craniofacial trauma showed that maxillary and orbital fractures are more common than previously described. Combined maxillary and orbital fractures occurred in more than half of the patients. In cats, orbital fractures mainly affect the medial orbital wall and the orbital floor. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cats with craniofacial trauma often have maxillary and orbital fractures. The additional information taken from the computed tomographic examination could lead to an optimised therapeutical concept.

[Enterocutaneous fistula formation in a dog as a result of colonic foreign body perforation]. / Enterokutane Fistelbildung infolge Perforation des Kolons durch einen hölzernen Fremdkörper bei einem Hund.

A 5-year-old female Poodle was presented with a 3-month history of recurrent abscess and fistula formation on the right abdominal wall. Radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations demonstrated an enterocutaneous fistula formation secondary to foreign body perforation of the colon. Additionally, the diagnosis of a pyometra was made. Twenty-four hours after surgical therapy (ventral midline coeliotomy, foreign body removal, closure of the colon perforation, abdominal lavage and drainage, revision of the fistula) the patient was euthanized due to sepsis and incipient multiorgan dysfunction.