Leishmania species infection of bats: A systematic review.

A wide variety of mammals, including domestic and wild species, have been considered potential hosts and reservoirs for Leishmania. Bats have longevity, dispersal capacity, and adaptability to synotropic environments, characteristics that may favor their role in maintaining the life cycle of parasites. Therefore, the objective of this study was to carry out a worldwide systematic review of the occurrence of Leishmania species in bats, as well as to identify associations between eating habits and the type of sample collected with the occurrence of the infection. Data were obtained from a bibliographic search for studies that used molecular methods to identify parasites, employing the keywords "bats" AND "Leishmania" and their synonyms. We found 68 original studies, of which 20 were included in this review. Most studies were conducted in Brazil (60 %) and only 10 % were conducted in Old World countries. In all, 48 bat species were recorded that hosted seven Leishmania species, resulting in 62 different host-parasite interactions, and the Leishmania infantum interaction with bat species presented higher frequency. There was no significant difference between Leishmania species richness, infection percentage, and type of sample analyzed, but in general, it is observed that the use of different biological samples seems to expand the possibility of parasite detection. The patterns observed here indicate that bats can become infected with a wide variety of Leishmania species and likely play an important role in maintaining the parasite's life cycle. Thus, we suggest that studies aimed at understanding the transmission cycle of leishmaniasis include the investigation of bats as potential hosts or reservoirs of Leishmania.

Prevalência de inaptidão sorológica dos doadores de sangue no hemocentro regional de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais / Prevalencia de imposibilidad serológico de donantes de sangre en hemocentro regional de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais / Prevalence of serological inability of blood donors in regional blood center of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais

To estimate the prevalence of disability serological of blood donors at the Regional Blood Center of Montes Claros, in the period 2009 to 2013. Methods: this is a transversal study, exploratory, through retrospective data collection, involving 2.101 donors unfit serologically. The study was approved by the CEP of Hemominas Foundation 381/2014. Results: of the 82.743 candidates suitable for blood collection, 2.101 (2.5%) had reactive serologic tests, but only 1.434 (1.9%) confirmed the result through the 2nd sample collection. Among the diseases investigated, therewas the following distribution prevalence of hepatitis B (anti-HBc) donors with 0.77% about the total of suitable, syphilis (0.41%), Chagas (0.40%), and others showed values below 0.08%. Conclusion: we concluded that in comparison with other studies, it was found that the prevalence of disability in our blood bank serological is similar, showing that the measures taken are safe...

Estimar a prevalência da inaptidão sorológica dos doadores de sangue no Hemocentro Regional de Montes Claros, no período de 2009 a 2013. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal, de caráter exploratório, através da coleta de dados retrospectivos, que envolveu 2.101 doadores inaptos sorologicamente. O estudo foi aprovado pelo CEP da Fundação Hemominas nº381/2014. Resultados: do total de 82.743 candidatos aptos para a coleta de sangue, 2.101(2,5%) apresentaram testes sorológicos reativos, porém apenas 1.434 (1,9%) confirmaram o resultado através da coleta de 2ª amostra. Dentre as doenças pesquisadas, houve a seguinte distribuição de prevalência: hepatite B (anti-HBc) com 0,77% doadores em relação ao total dos aptos; sífilis (0,41%); Chagas (0,40%); e demais apresentaram valores abaixo de 0,08%. Conclusão: concluímos que em comparação com outros estudos, verificou-se que a prevalência de inaptidão sorológica em nosso hemocentro é semelhante, mostrando que as medidas adotadas são seguras...

Estimar la prevalencia de la discapacidad serológica de donantes de sangre en el Centro Regional de Sangre de Montes Claros, en el período de 2009 a 2013. Métodos: estudio transversal, exploratorio, retrospectivo, involucrando 2.101 donantes no aptos serológicamente. El estudio fue aprobado por el CEP de Fundación Hemominas 381/2014. Resultados: de los 82.743 candidatos adecuados para la recogida de sangre, 2.101 (2,5%) tenían pruebas serológicas reactivas, pero sólo 1.434 (1,9%) confirmaron el resultado a través de la segunda toma de muestras. Entre las enfermedades investigadas, hubo la siguiente prevalencia de distribución: hepatitis B (anti-HBc) con 0,77% de donantes en relación al total de adecuados, sífilis (0,41%), Chagas (0,40%) y otros mostraron valores por debajo de 0,08%. Conclusión: en comparación con otros estudios, se encontró que la prevalencia de la discapacidad serológica en banco de sangre es similar, lo que demuestra que las medidas adoptadas son seguras...