[Investigation on the cognitive level of Mpox among MSM population in Shenzhen and analysis of the influencing factors in 2023].

From June 16 to 30, 2023, men who have sex with men (MSM) who had visited Voluntary Counseling Testing (VCT) clinics in the Luohu, Futian and Nanshan districts of Shenzhen were included in this study to analyze their awareness of Mpox and the influencing factors. The mean age of the 262 MSM was (34.78±8.94) years, with the majority being unmarried (75.2%) and 79.0% confirmed to be infected with HIV. The awareness rates for five primary indicators, current status of Mpox, pathogen and source of infection, mode of transmission, population susceptibility, clinical manifestations and treatment were 68.4%, 84.7%, 60.3%, 87.8%, and 52.5%, respectively. The awareness rates for five secondary indicators, earliest transmission location (44.7%), main mode of transmission (54.2%), role of masks (46.9%), drug accessibility (46.6%), and self-limiting nature (38.2%) were all below 60%. The MSM population in Shenzhen perceived their likelihood of being infected (2.76±1.32) and discriminated against (3.87±1.26) as relatively low. The logistic analysis showed that the high school or vocational school education (OR:3.094, 95%CI:1.180-9.299), college or above education (OR:5.360, 95%CI:2.159-15.501), and higher scores on questions affecting learning or work (OR:2.196, 95%CI:1.409-3.599) were promoting factors for Mpox awareness, while higher scores on questions concerning the possibility of Mpox mortality (OR:0.591, 95%CI:0.432-0.791) was the hindering factor for Mpox awareness.

[Surgical treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma involving larynx and trachea].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical treatment of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) involving larynx and trachea. Methods: A total of 1 436 cases of thyroid malignant tumors were admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from 2004 to 2019, including 110 cases of PTC involving larynx and trachea, and of which 105 cases with complete follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed. There were 42 males and 63 females, with a male/female ratio of 1∶1.5, aged from 28 to 81 years. All lesions involved trachea, including 11 cases involving both trachea and larynx. Of those 83 cases underwent laryngeal and airway wall tumor excision, and 22 cases underwent radical tumor excision plus laryngeal and trachea repair. Extubation rate was analyzed and the postoperative survival curve of patients was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Among 105 cases, 16 cases underwent tracheotomy and 12 cases were successfully extubated. The overall 3- 5- and 10-year survival rates were 100.0%, 86.4% and 72.5%, and the disease-free survival rates were 93.1%, 81.6% and 57.7%, respectively. There was significant difference in survival curve between the two groups (χ2=4.21, P=0.040). The 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 94.6% and 77.3% in laryngeal and tracheal tumor exclusion group, and 85.7% and 51.4% in the radical tumor resection group. There was no significant difference in the survival curves between the two groups (χ2=3.50, P=0.061). Conclusion: PTC patients with laryngeal and tracheal involvement can achieve long survival and good quality of life through reasonable surgical treatment.

Nutritional State Predicts All-Cause Death Independent of Comorbidities in Geriatric Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether nutritional risk is associated with poor outcomes independent of complicated clinical status in older patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: Patients referred for coronary angiography in West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China. PARTICIPANTS: 1772 patients with angiographic documented CAD whose age was above 65 years. MEASUREMENTS: Nutritional state was appraised using geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI). Nutritional risk was defined as the GNRI below 98. The event rate of all-cause death was observed among patients with nutritional risk and those without. RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 27 months, 224 patients died. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that nutritional risk was associated with all-cause death (adjusted hazard ratio 1.99; 95% confidence interval 1.35-2.95; P=0.001). Subgroup analysis verified the association between nutritional risk and death among patients with distinct clinical features, comorbidities, and medication. There was no interaction between nutritional risk and clinical characteristics with regard to all-cause death. CONCLUSION: Nutritional state is independently associated with the risk of all-cause death in geriatric patients with CAD. Whether nutritional support in appropriate patients improves clinical outcomes deserves further investigation.

Orbital characters and electronic correlations in KCo2Se2.

We report a comprehensive study of the tridimensional nature and orbital characters of the low-energy electronic structure in KCo2Se2, using polarization- and photon energy-dependent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We observed one electron-like Fermi surface (FS) at the Brillouin zone (BZ) center, four electron-like FSs centered at the BZ corner, and one hole-like FS at the BZ boundary. The FSs show weak dispersion along the kz direction, indicating the near-two-dimensional nature of FSs in KCo2Se2. In combination with the local-density approximation calculations, we determined the orbital characters of the low-energy electronic bands, which are mainly derived from the Co 3d orbital, mixed with part of the Se 4p states. The [Formula: see text] orbital gives a significant contribution to the band crossing the Fermi level. A band renormalization of about 1.6 is needed to capture the essential dispersive features, which suggests that electronic correlations are much weaker than that in KyFe2-xSe2.

77Se NMR study of the pairing symmetry and the spin dynamics in K(y)Fe(2-x)Se2.

We present a 77Se NMR study of the newly discovered iron selenide superconductor K(y)Fe(2-x)Se2, in which T(c) = 32 K. Below T(c), the Knight shift 77K drops sharply with temperature, providing strong evidence for singlet pairing. Above T(c), Korringa-type relaxation indicates Fermi-liquid behavior. Our experimental results set strict constraints on the nature of possible theories for the mechanism of high-T(c) superconductivity in this iron selenide system.

Unusual electronic structure and observation of dispersion kink in CeFeAsO parent compound of FeAs-based superconductors.

We report the first comprehensive high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission measurements on CeFeAsO, a parent compound of FeAs-based high temperature superconductors with a magnetic-structural transition at ∼150 K. In the magnetic-ordering state, four holelike Fermi surface sheets are observed near Γ(0,0), and the Fermi surface near M(±π,±π) shows a tiny electronlike pocket at M surrounded by four strong spots. The unusual Fermi surface topology deviates strongly from the band structure calculations. The electronic signature of the magnetic-structural transition shows up in the dramatic change of the quasiparticle scattering rate. A dispersion kink at ∼25 meV is observed for the first time in the parent compound of Fe-based superconductors.

Effects on superconductivity of transition-metal doping in FeSe(0.5)Te(0.5).

We investigate superconductivity in the compound FeSe(0.5)Te(0.5) and in its transition-metal-substituted derivatives Fe(1-x)TM(x)Se(0.5)Te(0.5), where x = 5% and the substituent ions studied were Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn. Electronic and magnetic measurements indicate that doping with Mn or by Co acts respectively to cause a slight enhancement or suppression of the transition temperature. However, doping with this concentration of Ni or Cu destroys the superconductivity completely, and leads to semiconducting behaviour. Zn ions cannot be incorporated properly into the parent compound. The reasons for these contrasting effects are associated with the differing magnetic properties of the substituent ions, which determine their local impurity moments and the net carrier concentrations in the doped 11 system. The effects of magnetic ion substitution on superconductivity suggest that the pairing symmetry may not be either pure s wave or pure d wave.

Evaluation of germ-cell kinetics in infertile patients with proliferating cell nuclear antigen proliferating index.

AIM: To explore the usefulness of proliferating cell nuclear antigen proliferating index (PCNA PI) in the pathological diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. METHODS: Testicular biopsy specimen obtained from 48 cases of male infertility and 2 normal controls were fixed and embedded. The sections were stained with anti-PCNA monoclonal antibodies or haematoxylin/eosin. Proliferating index (PI), expressed as the percentage of germ-cell nuclei positively stained with PCNA antibody, was assessed from more than 20 seminiferous tubules or 600 germ-cells. RESULTS: The infertile patients were divided into 4 groups: Group 1, normal spermatogenesis (14 cases); Group 2, hypospermatogenesis (16 cases); Group 3, germinal arrest (10 cases); Group 4, Sertoli cell only syndrome (8 cases). The PCNA PI of normal control testis was 86.5% (mean value). Group 3 had a significantly lower PCNA PI (29.8%) than normal testis; Group 1 and 2 had similar PIs (82.3% and 82.3%, respectively) as the control testis. PI of the negative control (Group 4) was 0 as no germ-cells were found. CONCLUSION: PCNA PI is useful for assessing germ-cell kinetics, especially for pathological diagnosis of germinal arrest which is difficult to differentiate by routine HE staining technique. In germinal arrest, there is a significantly lowered PCNA PI, which is an indication of DNA synthesis deterioration, suggesting the use of therapies be different from those for hypospermatogenesis.

Preliminary study of the frequency of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic cancer in China.

OBJECTIVES: This study determined the frequency of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and cancer of the prostate (CaP) in China. METHODS: Prostate specimens from 321 unselected autopsies were collected from 1989 to 1992. Slices were cut vertically every 0.5 cm from apex to base. Five to 12 slices were obtained from each prostate. Specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson trichrome. Sixty surgical specimens obtained from cystoprostatectomies with intact prostate were included to determine the frequency of latent CaP. RESULTS: The frequency of BPH, by age, was as follows: 41 to 50 years, 13.2%; 51 to 60 years, 20%; 61 to 70 years, 50%; 71 to 80 years, 57.1%; 81 to 90 years, 83.3%. The frequency of latent CaP, by age, was as follows: 41 to 50 years, 2.2%; 51 to 60 years, 9.3%; 61 to 70 years, 5.9%; 70 years or older, 25%. Incidental CaP was found in 4.9% (33 of 676) of BPH surgical specimens. The incidence of and mortality from CaP in Beijing were 2.41 per 100,000 men and 1.19 per 100,000 men, respectively, between 1985 and 1987. CONCLUSIONS: BPH was rare in China in the early years of this century, but it has become a common disease in recent decades. The histologic frequency of BPH in China was similar to that in Western countries, but the histologic frequency of latent CaP was less than half that in Western countries. The incidence of and mortality from CaP in China are about 20 times less than those in Western countries. Histologic CaP in a Chinese man is not as likely to evolve into clinical CaP as in a Western man.

[Established oneself the detection of serum prostate specific antigen and application in clinical practice].

Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA)-the biotinavidin enzyme immunoassay (BA-ELISA) was established and used in clinical practice. We assayed serum PSA in normal control and prostatic patients. If 10ng/ml was taken as the cutoff value, the positive rate of prostatic cancer was 62.96%. The results of determination showed: PSA serum levels of patients with complicated BPH (acute prostatitis and chronic prostatitis) were conspicuously higher than the noncomplicated BPH. In the BPH group, we simultaneously detected serum levels of PSA by BA-ELISA and Tandem-E PSA Immuno Enzy Metric Assay. The results suggested BA-ELISA technique is more sensitive and more economical than Tandem-E PSA Immuno Enzy Metric Assay for clinical use.

[Pathological basis for elevation of serum prostate specific antigen].

67 patients with serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) over 4ng/ml were investigated pathologically. All the patients had prostatic lesions: prostate cancer (24) and benign prostatic lesions (43). The serum PSA was conspicuously higher in the carcinoma group than in the benign group (P < 0.01). When 10ng/ml was used as the low limit to detect prostate cancer, the sensitivity and specificity were 83.3% and 74.4% respectively. We suggest that the range of serum PSA from 4.0 to 10.0ng/ml should be considered dangerous in detecting prostate cancer. The epithelium-blood barrier lesion and epithelial hyperplasia of the prostate might be the pathological basis for the elevation of serum PSA.

[A morphometric grading study on the nucleus shape and DNA-content of transitional cell carcinoma of urinary bladder].

Totally 30 cases of TCC of the urinary bladder were analyzed with IBAS-2000 image analysis system. The nuclear area, perimeter, ellipse factor, etc and nucleus DNA content were measured. The morphometric grading was performed with five correlative factors for classification. They are nucleus perimeter, nucleus ellipse factor, DNA SDE, probability of the cells in C6 zone DNA and probability of the cells in C8 zone DNA. The coincident rate between morphometric grading and WHO grading was 88.9% in G1, 66.7% in G2, and 83.3% in G3. The results indicate that morphometric analysis is a valuable tool in the objective grading of bladder carcinoma.

[Cytologic diagnostic value of voided urine in 60 cases of primary transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter].

Exfoliative urinary cytology was performed on 60 cases of histologically proven TCC (Transitional cells carcinoma) of the renal pelvis and ureter. There were 39 cases of TCC of the renal pelvis. Urine cytology was positive in 27 cases (69.2%); suspicious in 5 cases (12.8%) and negative in 7 cases (17.9%). Significant correlation was found in the frequency of diagnosis and the histological grade of carcinoma. The cytological positive rate in G1 carcinoma was 40%; 71% in G2; 100% in G3. It is considered that the location of tumor in the renal pelvis predominates the urinary cytological positive rate. Urine cytology was positive in 3 cases (33.3%) out of 9 cases of the carcinoma seated in the inferior renal calix, whereas 19 cases (86.4%) from 22 cases in other sites of the renal pelvis (P less than 0.05). The positive rate of urine cytology for 21 cases of TCC of the ureter was 42.9%. The results showed that the secondary ureteric obstruction was an influence on the cytological positive rate.