LiMYB108 is involved in floral monoterpene biosynthesis induced by light intensity in Lilium 'Siberia'.

KEY MESSAGE: We find that the MYB family transcription factor, LiMYB108, has a novel function to regulate the floral fragrance affected by light intensity. Floral fragrance determines the commercial value of flowers and is influenced by many environmental factors, especially light intensity. However, the mechanism by which light intensity affects the release of floral fragrance is unclear. Here, we isolated an R2R3-type MYB transcription factor LiMYB108, the expression of which was induced by light intensity and located in the nucleus. Light of 200 and 600 µmol m-1 s-1 significantly increased the expression of LiMYB108, which was consistent with the improving trend of monoterpene synthesis under light. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of LiMYB108 in Lilium not only significantly inhibited the synthesis of ocimene and linalool, but also decreased the expression of LoTPS1; however, transient overexpression of LiMYB108 exerted opposite effects. Furthermore, yeast one-hybrid assays, dual-luciferase assays, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) demonstrated that LiMYB108 directly activated the expression of LoTPS1 by binding to the MYB binding site (MBS) (CAGTTG). Our findings demonstrate that light intensity triggered the high expression of LiMYB108, and then LiMYB108 as a transcription factor to activate the expression of LoTPS1, thus promoting the synthesis of the ocimene and linalool, which are important components of floral fragrance. These results provide new insights into the effects of light intensity on floral fragrance synthesis.

Evaluation and Comparison of SHA.LIN,S.T.O.N.E.Nephrolithometry Scoring System,and Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society Nephrolithometry Nomogram for Predicting Stone Free Rate and Postoperative Outcomes after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy / 中国医学科学院学报

To compare the accuracy of SHA.LIN,S.T.O.N.E.nephrolithometry scoring system,and Clinical Research Office of the Endourological Society(CROES)nephrolithometry nomogram in predicting percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)outcomes including stone free rate(SFR)and perioperative status. Methods The clinical data of 90 patients with nephrolithiasis undergoing PCNL in department of urology,China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2015 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.The general data,stone characteristics,operation approaches,and perioperative variables were recorded.SHA.LIN,S.T.O.N.E.score,and CROES nomogram were assigned according to the computed tomography(CT)findings before surgery.Stone free status was evaluated by kidney-ureter-bladder one month after PCNL.The relationships of SHA.LIN score,S.T.O.N.E.score,and CROES score with SFR,postoperative complications,operation time(OT),length of hospital stay(LOS),estimated blood loss(EBL),and decrease of hemoglobin was evaluated.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to analyze the predictive accuracy. Results The SFR was 72.2%(65/90)and postoperative complications occurred in 33 cases(36.7%).The mean OT was(103.1±39.6)min,the mean EBL was(46.1±53.0)ml,the mean LOS was(15.3±5.2)d,the mean postoperative LOS was(8.5±3.4)d,and the mean decrease of hemoglobin was(16.1±10.2)g/L.Stone-free patients had significantly lower SHA.LIN score(8.23 10.36,=0.000)and S.T.O.N.E.score(7.05 8.16,=0.000)and significantly higher CROES score(188.50 143.89,=0.000)compared to patients with residual fragments.All these scores were not significantly associated with complications(>0.05).On the other hand,all these scores were significantly correlated with OT,EBL,and decrease of hemoglobin(SHA.LIN:=0.006,=0.028,=0.014;S.T.O.N.E.:=0.012,=0.047,=0.011;and CROES:=0.040,=0.045,=0.013).SHA.LIN(=0.001)and S.T.O.N.E.(=0.005)scores were associated with LOS.Logistic regression analysis revealed that SHA.LIN(=2.491),S.T.O.N.E.(=3.030),and CROES(=0.973)scores were significantly associated with stone-free status.ROC curves in predicting SFR showed that there was significant difference in the areas under the curves(AUC)for the SHA.LIN S.T.O.N.E.score [0.808(95% =0.711-0.905) 0.748(95% =0.632-0.864),=0.047].AUC for the CROES score [0.770(95% =0.664-0.877)] showed no significantly different for the SHA.LIN score or the S.T.O.N.E.score(>0.05). Conclusions All these three scoring systems have good predictive accuracy for SFR.SHA.LIN is more precise than S.T.O.N.E.in predicting SFR.However,they can not predict postoperative complications.

Relationship Between Rotavirus and TLRs and Research Progress of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Rotavirus (RV) infection of human body is mainly colonized in human intestinal epithelial cells, which results in small intestinal epithelial cell damage, and then induces diarrhea, fever and other symptoms. It is one of the most common causes of infantile diarrhea. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as a kind of pattern recognition receptors, play an important role in the host immune system after virus infection. After different viruses infect human body, various pathogens trigger the host immune response through TLRs, induce the release of various cytokines, and stimulate a series of inflammatory reactions, such as fever, cough and diarrhea, which may further lead to more serious adverse consequences. According to the findings, the anti-inflammatory and anti-viral mechanisms of various effective drugs developed for different pathogens may be closely related to the intervention of TLRs signaling pathway and the regulation of immune response. A large number of studies have shown that rotavirus infection can induce inflammation by affecting the expressions of related proteins and genes in Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal transduction pathways, stimulating the release of inflammatory cytokines and inducing inflammatory response. Some studies on the mechanism of drug treatment for rotavirus diarrhea also started with TLRs, but only a few clinical and experimental studies on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and rotavirus diarrhea involve TLRs signaling pathway. Therefore, this article will focus on the relationship between TLRs signaling pathway and different viral infections, especially with rotavirus infection, in three aspects:viral infection and TLRs signaling pathway, RV infection and TLRs signaling pathway, and the research of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of rotavirus diarrhea, in order to guide the clinical and experimental studies on the treatment of rotavirus diarrhea with TCM based on TLR3 and TLR4 signaling pathways.

Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Kidney Treated with Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy: A Case Report / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

We herein reported a 27-year-old woman with a right renal mass for two years. She underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Immunohistochemical examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor by revealing its positive staining for cluster of differentiation (CD)34, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and CD99 in the tumor cells. No adjuvant treatment was carried out. The patient was in good health without local recurrence or metastasis during 2 years of follow-up. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal solitary fibrous tumor is an alternative treatment to radical nephrectomy. It can provide a good outcome. However, further follow-up and more cases of renal solitary fibrous tumor treated with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy are necessary to compare the oncological outcome with radical nephrectomy.

Resveratrol improves coronary collateral circulation in pigs with experimental acute coronary occlusion / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the impact of resveratrol on coronary collateral circulation in pigs suffered from experimental acute coronary occlusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen healthy pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups: resveratrol group, nitroglycerin group and control group. Animal model of acute coronary occlusion was established through PTCA method, and the blood flow spectrum in the left circumflex artery (LCX) was detected using intracoronary Doppler ultrasound.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average peak velocity (APV) in infarction correlation artery (IRA) was significantly decreased immediately after coronary occlusion [(0.85 ± 0.25) cm/s vs. (24.83 ± 3.43) cm/s, P < 0.05]. The APV remained unchanged during 0, 30 and 60 minutes after the occlusion. Reversed or bidirectional blood flow was observed and the APV increased significantly [(9.22 ± 0.80) cm/s vs. (0.84 ± 0.21) cm/s, (8.93 ± 1.28) cm/s vs. (0.86 ± 0.26) cm/s respectively, P < 0.05] after the coronary injection of resveratrol (2 mg) or nitroglycerin (0.3 mg). There was no significant difference in peak APV between the resveratrol and nitroglycerin groups. The duration of increased APV was significantly longer in resveratrol group than that in nitroglycerin group [(58.83 ± 6.15) min vs. (21.80 ± 5.79) min, P < 0.05].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The collateral circulation after acute coronary occlusion was obviously insufficient in pigs. Resveratrol could significantly improve the blood flow in coronary collateral circulation after acute occlusion in this model.</p>

HIV-1 molecular epidemiological survey of drug users in Jiangxi province / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate HIV-1 molecular epidemiology of drug users in Jiangxi Province to analyze epidemic situation, subtype, origin of strain, and variation, and to provide information for prevention and control of AIDS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Combining principles of traditional epidemiology and molecular epidemiology, the authors analyzed the epidemiologically related factors, the gene sequences and systematic mutation of HIV-1 gene in nine drug users in Jiangxi province.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The HIV spread through the drug users in Jiangxi not only by injection but also by sexual contacts. The main epidemic strain found by sequence analysis was HIV-1 CRF01-AE that was closely related to the strain among drug users in Vietnam and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, with the average gene distance of 9.00 +/- 2.27 from the Vietnam strain. The origin of strain among drug users in the province was entirely the same.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>At present, HIV-1 CRF01-AE strain has spread in the whole province among the drug users. Vigorous behavioral interventions should be developed in drug users and un-safe sexual behavior population to prevent the epidemic.</p>