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Objective To explore the effect of improving cleaning and disinfection methods on the prevention,con-trol and disinfection of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales(CRE)in burn plastic surgery ward.Methods 297 patients who admitted to the department of burn plastic surgery in a hospital from February 1 to August 31,2021 were selected as the control group,and 210 patients who admitted to the hospital from September 1,2021 to Febru-ary 28,2022 after cleaning and disinfection methods improved were selected as the intervention group.Detection rate of CRE from patients,incidence of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)with CRE,and detection rate of envi-ronmental CRE before and after intervention were statistically analyzed and compared.Results The incidence of HAI and detection rate of CRE from patients in the intervention group were 0.95%and 0,respectively,lower than 4.04%and 2.02%in the control group(both P<0.05).Compared to the control group,qualified rates of detec-tion of air and surface microbiology,adenosine triphosphate(ATP)bioflorescence and fluorescence labeling in the intervention group were all higher(x2=5.52,13.08,6.66,and 15.01,respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusion Improving cleaning and disinfection method can reduce the incidence of HAI and the detection rate of CRE in burn wards,improve the surface cleanliness of environmental objects,as well as the effectiveness of HAI prevention and control.
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Previous studies have shown that long-term spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have the potential to spontaneously transform into pluripotent stem cells, which is speculated to be related to the tumorigenesis of testicular germ cells, especially when p53 is deficient in SSCs which shows a significant increase in the spontaneous transformation efficiency. Energy metabolism has been proved to be strongly associated with the maintenance and acquisition of pluripotency. Recently, we compared the difference in chromatin accessibility and gene expression profiles between wild-type (p53+/+) and p53 deficient (p53-/-) mouse SSCs using the Assay for Targeting Accessible-Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques, and revealed that SMAD3 is a key transcription factor in the transformation of SSCs into pluripotent cells. In addition, we also observed significant changes in the expression levels of many genes related to energy metabolism after p53 deletion. To further reveal the role of p53 in the regulation of pluripotency and energy metabolism, this paper explored the effects and mechanism of p53 deletion on energy metabolism during the pluripotent transformation of SSCs. The results of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq from p53+/+ and p53-/- SSCs revealed that gene chromatin accessibility related to positive regulation of glycolysis and electron transfer and ATP synthesis was increased, and the transcription levels of genes encoding key glycolytic enzymes and regulating electron transport-related enzymes were markedly increased. Furthermore, transcription factors SMAD3 and SMAD4 promoted glycolysis and energy homeostasis by binding to the chromatin of the Prkag2 gene which encodes the AMPK subunit. These results suggest that p53 deficiency activates the key enzyme genes of glycolysis in SSCs and enhances the chromatin accessibility of genes associated with glycolysis activation to improve glycolysis activity and promote transformation to pluripotency. Moreover, SMAD3/SMAD4-mediated transcription of the Prkag2 gene ensures the energy demand of cells in the process of pluripotency transformation and maintains cell energy homeostasis by promoting AMPK activity. These results shed light on the importance of the crosstalk between energy metabolism and stem cell pluripotency transformation, which might be helpful for clinical research of gonadal tumors.
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Animais , Camundongos , Masculino , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP , Cromatina , Metabolismo Energético , Deleção de Genes , Células-Tronco , Proteína Supressora de Tumor p53/genética , Espermatogônias/citologiaRESUMO
Objective: To explore the effects of porcine urinary bladder matrix (UBM) on the motility and polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages in mice, so as to provide evidence for the rational selection of stent in clinical wound repair. Methods: The method of experimental research was used. The microstructure of porcine UBM and absorbable dressing was observed under scanning electron microscope. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to observe the protein distribution of the two stent extracts. The primary macrophages were induced from bone marrow-derived cells isolated from six 6-8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (mouse age, sex, and strain, the same below) and identified. Three batches of macrophages were divided into porcine UBM extract group and absorbable dressing extract group. The cells in each group were cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium/F12 medium containing the corresponding extracts. The cell migration rate was detected and calculated on 1, 3, and 7 d after scratching by scratch test. The number of migrated cells at 12 and 24 h of culture was detected by Transwell experiment. The percentages of CD206 and CD86 positive cells at 24 h of culture was detected by flow cytometer. The numbers of sample in the above cell experiments were all 3. An incision was prepared on the left and right back of twelve mice, respectively. The left incision of each mouse was included in porcine UBM group and the right incision was included in absorbable dressing group, and the corresponding stents were implanted into the incisions respectively. On post operation day (POD) 7 and 14, the number of inflammatory cells infiltrated in the stent was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the number of F4/80, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) positive cells and type Ⅰ collagen deposition in stents were observed by immunohistochemistry; the percentages of F4/80, CD86, and CD206 positive cells were observed by immunofluorescence staining. The numbers of sample in the above animal experiments were all 6. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for factorial design, analysis of variance for repeated measurement, and independent sample t test. Results: Porcine UBM has a dense basement membrane structure on one side and porous propria containing a fibrous structures on the other. Both sides of the absorbable dressing had three-dimensional porous structure. In the molecular weight range of (50-70)×103, multiple non-type Ⅰ collagen bands appeared in the lanes of porcine UBM extract, while no obvious bands appeared in the lanes of absorbable dressing extract. It had been identified that mouse bone marrow-derived cells had been successfully induced into macrophages. The cell migration rates in porcine UBM extract group were significantly higher than those in absorbable dressing extract group on 1, 3, and 7 d after scratching (with t values of 15.31, 19.76, and 20.58, respectively, P<0.05). The numbers of migrated cells in porcine UBM extract group were significantly more than those in absorbable dressing extract group at 12 and 24 h of culture (with t values of 12.20 and 33.26, respectively, P<0.05). At 24 h of culture, the percentage of CD86 positive cells in porcine UBM extract group ((1.27±0.19)%) was significantly lower than (7.34±0.14)% in absorbable dressing extract group (t=17.03, P<0.05);the percentage of CD206 positive cells in porcine UBM extract group was (73.4±0.7)%, significantly higher than (32.2±0.5)% in absorbable dressing extract group (t=119.10, P<0.05). On POD 7 and 14, the numbers of inflammatory cells infiltrated in the stents in porcine UBM group was significantly more than those in absorbable dressing group (with t values of 6.58 and 10.70, respectively, P<0.05). On POD 7 and 14, the numbers of F4/80, TGF-β1, VEGF, and MMP-9 positive cells in the stents in porcine UBM group were significantly more than those in absorbable dressing group (with t values of 46.11, 40.69, 13.90, 14.15, 19.79, 32.93, 12.16, and 13.21, respectively, P<0.05); type Ⅰ collagen deposition in the stents in porcine UBM group was more pronounced than that in absorbable dressing group; the percentages of CD206 positive cells in the stents in porcine UBM group were significantly higher than those in absorbable dressing group (with t values of 5.05 and 4.13, respectively, P<0.05), while the percentages of CD86 positive cells were significantly lower than those in absorbable dressing group (with t values of 20.90 and 19.64, respectively, P<0.05), and more M2-type macrophages were seen in the stents in porcine UBM group and more M1-type macrophages were seen in the stents in absorbable dressing group. Conclusions: Porcine UBM can enhance macrophage motility, induce M2 polarization and paracrine function, create a microenvironment containing growth factors such as TGF-β1 and MMP-9 tissue remodeling molecules, and promote tissue regeneration and extracellular matrix remodeling in mice.
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Camundongos , Masculino , Animais , Suínos , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Bexiga Urinária , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Macrófagos , ColágenoRESUMO
Sichuan province is extremely rich in Chinese herbal medicine resources,and the Chinese herbal medicine industry is an integral part of the "10+3" industrial system of modern agriculture. However,it has been long constrained by factors such as hilly terrain and scattered planting patterns,which hinders the mechanization development of the Chinese herbal medicine planting industry. Committed to promoting the application and development of the whole-process mechanization of Chinese herbal medicine production, the research group investigated the current situation and mechanization application of the Chinese herbal medicine planting industry in Sichuan province,and clarified the core advantages of the industry in Sichuan province and the urgent need for mechanization production. The current situation of mechanization of key links in producing rhizome-type Chinese herbal medicines such as planting,fertilization,pest and weed controlling,harvesting,and primary processing in production areas were analyzed. The key factors and existing problems in the whole-process mechanization development as well as the key future research directions were discussed,and the mechanization development trend of Ophiopogonis Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma and other herbal medicines in the Chinese herbal medicine planting areas of Chengdu Plain were forecasted. This paper focused on the bottleneck of the mechanization application in producing Chinese herbal medicines in Sichuan province,and introduced key technologies and equipment for the whole-process mechanization of rhizome-type Chinese herbal medicine production,which is conducive to transforming and upgrading the Chinese herbal medicine production industry,accelerating the application of high-tech information technology,and promoting the mechanization and intelligentization of the planting industry.
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BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The 5-year survival rate of patients with early-stage CRC could reach 90%, but it is very low in patients with advanced-stage CRC. Recent studies have shown that circular RNAs play important roles in regulating the migration and invasion of CRC cells. AIM: To elucidate the role of circRNA_0084927 (circ_0084927) in the migration and invasion of CRC cells and its underlying mechanism. METHODS: Clinical tissue samples and cells were collected, and the expression of circ_0084927 was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The diagnostic performance of circ_0084927 was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The role of circ_0084927 in CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was determined using cell counting kit-8 assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay, respectively. The regulatory relationship among circ_0084927, miRNA-20b-3p (miR-20b-3p), and glutathione S-transferase mu 5 (GSTM5) was identified using databases, luciferase reporter assay, qPCR, and Western blot analysis. AKT-mTOR signaling was also verified after circ_0084927 knockdown or miR-20b-3p mimic treatment. RESULTS: The expression of circ_0084927 was significantly increased in CRC tissues and cells, and it was higher in advanced-stage CRC compared with early-stage CRC. The area under the curve (AUC) of circ_0084927 was 0.806 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.683-0.896]. In addition, the AUC was 0.874 (95%CI: 0.738-0.956) in patients with advanced-stage CRC and 0.713 (95%CI: 0.555-0.840) in those with early-stage CRC. Knockdown of circ_0084927 inhibited the migration and invasion of HCT116 cells. Moreover, circ_0084927 was found to act as a sponge of miR-20b-3p. MiR-20b-3p activation reduced the circ_0084927 level, whereas miR-20b-3p inhibition increased the circ_0084927 level. But the effect was not found after circ_0084927 mutation. In addition, miR-20b-3p expression in CRC patients was also reduced and negatively correlated with circ_0084927 expression. The function of circ_0084927 in HCT116 cells with circ_0084927 knockdown was rescued by miR-20b-3p. Moreover, GSTM5 expression was significantly decreased after overexpressing miR-20b-3p or inhibiting circ_0084927, but its expression was rescued when circ_0084927 and miR-20b-3p were both inhibited. Finally, AKT-mTOR signaling was markedly regulated by circ_0084927 and miR-20b-3p. CONCLUSION: The expression of circ_0084927 is significantly increased in CRC and higher in advanced-stage CRC than in early-stage CRC. Moreover, circ_0084927 potentially regulates CRC cell migration and invasion via the miR-20b-3p/GSTM5/ AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , MicroRNAs , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Glutationa Transferase , Humanos , MicroRNAs/genética , RNA CircularRESUMO
The present study investigated the effects of chikusetsu saponin Ⅳa(CHS Ⅳa) on isoproterenol(ISO)-induced myocardial hypertrophy in rats and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. ISO was applied to establish a rat model of myocardial hypertrophy, and CHS Ⅳa(5 and 15 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) was used for intervention. The tail artery blood pressure was measured. Cardiac ultrasound examination was performed. The ratio of heart weight to body weight(HW/BW) was calculated. Morphological changes in the myocardial tissue were observed by HE staining. Collagen deposition in the myocardial tissue was observed by Masson staining. The mRNA expression of myocardial hypertrophy indicators(ANP and BNP), autophagy-related genes(Atg5, P62 and beclin1), and miR199 a-5 p was detected by qRT-PCR. Atg5 protein expression was detected by Western blot. The results showed that the model group exhibited increased tail artery blood pressure and HW/BW ratio, thickened left ventricular myocardium, enlarged myocardial cells, disordered myocardial fibers with widened interstitium, and a large amount of collagen aggregating around the extracellular matrix and blood vessels. ANP and BNP were largely expressed. Moreover, P62 expression was up-regulated, while beclin1 expression was down-regulated. After intervention by CHS Ⅳa at different doses, myocardial hypertrophy was ameliorated and autophagy activity in the myocardial tissue was enhanced. Meanwhile, miR199 a-5 p expression declined and Atg5 expression increased. As predicted by bioinformatics, Atg5 was a target gene of miR199 a-5 p. CHS Ⅳa was capable of preventing myocardial hypertrophy by regulating autophagy of myocardial cells through the miR-199 a-5 p/Atg5 signaling pathway.
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Animais , Ratos , Cardiomegalia/genética , Isoproterenol , Miocárdio , Miócitos Cardíacos , Ácido Oleanólico/análogos & derivados , Saponinas/farmacologiaRESUMO
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease closely related to age, which is characterized by cognitive and memory impairment. Extensive studies have confirmed that Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease. With the characteristics of holistic concept and syndrome differentiation, acupuncture is widely used in clinic. Acupuncture plays a role in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease through the regulation of each target and the whole of the pathway. The author reviewed and combed the research on acupuncture treatment of Alzheimer's disease in recent years, and reviewed the regulatory effects of acupuncture on the important components of Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway (Wnt protein, β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3β) and whole, ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1), low density lipoprotein receptor associated protein-1 (LRP-1)..
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OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the related guidelines of nutrition support therapy (hereinafter referred to as nutrition support) in acute respiratory disease, and to provide evidence-based evidences for clinical nutrition in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: Retrieved from PubMed, EMBase, CNKI, etc., websites of association in nutrition and global guideline databases. The guidelines in nutrition support for related diseases were collected. Recommendations were summarized after data extraction and quality evaluation. RESULTS: A total of 10 guidelines were enrolled, with development time ranging from 2006 to 2019. There were 6 guidelines with quality of level A, 3 with level B, and 1 with level C. “scope and purpose”, “clarity” and “independence” showed the higher scores in AGREE Ⅱ, and “applicability” showed generally low scores. There were differences among emphases of guidelines, however, supplements for each other, and the recommendations for the same questions showed substantial agreement. CONCLUSION: The recommendations, in high quality guidelines of critical illness, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, etc., could be applied to nutrition support in COVID-19.
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Objective: To investigate the antidepressant roles of estrogen in the perimenopausal depression rat model and po- tential mechnisms. Methods: The perimenopausal depression rat model was performed by ovariectomized(OVX)rat following unpre- dictable chronic mild stress(UCMS). The rats were divided into 6 groups:the control group(CON),OVX group,model (OVX+UC- MS)group,estrogen(estradiol,E2)treatment group,escitalopram group(ESC),and OVX+E2 group. Open filed and sucrose prefer- ence tests were used to investigate depression-like behavior. Nissl staining was used to analyze neuron numbers in the dentate gyrus (DG)region of rat hippocampus,Levels of 5-HT,5-H1AA, norepinephrine(NE)and dopamine(DA)in the hippocampus were deter- mined by the HPLC method,while the levels of several markers associated with HPA axis were determined by ELISA. Results: OVX+ UCMS decreased the number of crosses and rearings in open field test and decreased sucrose preference in sucrose preference test in the perimenopausal depression rat model. E2 treatment could reverse the depression behavior. E2 treatment also reversed the de- creased neuron numbers of DG region in the rat hippocampus and decreased monamine transmitter and high hypothalamic-pituitary-ad- renal axis(HPA)activation. Conclusion: E2 plays antidepressant roles in perimenopausal depression rat model through protecting neuron,increasing monamine transmitter level and decreasing HPA axis activation.
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The computer-aided design was used to simulate the docking of PDGF receptor with known active compounds, and the active groups that can bind to key sites were identified by analyzing the key amino acid residue fragments that exerted active effects on the target proteins. The natural product oleanolic acid was used as the parent, and the active group was introduced into the 2-position, and the C-28 carboxyl group was esterified and amidated. A series of oleanolic acid analogues targeting PDGF receptor inhibitors were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by MS and NMR. Through MTT assay, SGC-7901 and A549 cells were selected for preliminary in vitro anti-tumor activity screening. PDGF receptor protein inhibition test was performed on I3 and Ⅱ5 by FPIA. The activity tests showed that I3 and Ⅱ5, compared with the positive control drug, had stronger inhibition. FPIA test showed that Ⅱ5 and PDGF receptor protein had good binding ability. The newly synthesized oleanolic acid analogues have significantly higher antitumor activity than the parent compound and deserve further study.
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In the present study, 2-methyl-4-( trifluoromethyl) thiaZole-5-carboxylic acid ( MTCA) was acted as hapten of thifluZamide to synthesiZe artificial antigens.Immunogen MTCA-bovine serum albumin ( BSA ) was synthesiZed by active ester method.Meanwhile, three coating antigens, MTCA-OVA-1, MTCA-OVA-2 and MTCA-OVA-3 were synthesiZed by active ester method, mixed anhydride method and N, N-carbonyldiimidaZole/4-dimethylaminopyridine ( CDI/DMAP ) method, respectively.Anti-thifluZamide polyclonal antibody with high specificity was obtained from the immuniZed mice, then indirect competitive enZyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ic-ELISA ) method for thifluZamide detection was developed by using MTCA-OVA-3 and polyclonal antibody.The linear detection range in ic-ELISA was 0.08-10 mg/L with an IC50 of 1.39 mg/L and a LOD (IC10) of 0.08 mg/L.The recoveries for spiked samples including tap water, lake water and wheat ranged from 72.0%-128.3% in ic-ELISA method.Good correlation (R2=0.9994) was obtained between the results of ic-ELISA and those of HPLC analysis.The proposed ic-ELSA was promising for rapid detection of thifluZamide in water and agricultural products.