Effects of METTL14 regulating CCNL2 on the activity and invasion of breast cancer cells / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of methyltransferase like 14 (METTL14) on the proliferation and invasion of breast cancer (BC) cells by regulating cyclin L2 (Cyclin L2, CCNL2) through m6A modification.Methods:Cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues of BC patients in Yantaishan hospital were collected from Aug. 2018 to Feb. 2020. The expression levels of m6A, METTL14 and CCNL2 in tissues were detected by high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and qRT-PCR. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and western blot were used to verify the regulatory relationship between METTL14 and CCNL2. RIP experiments verified the regulatory relationship between YTH domain-containing family protein (YTHDF2) and CCNL2. Cell viability was detected by MTT method, and cell invasion ability was detected by Transwell.Results:Compared with normal cells (0.24±0.02) and tissues (0.18±0.02) , BC cells MCF-10A (0.47±0.03, t=11.05, P<0.001) and HS-578T (0.41±0.03, t=8.17, P=0.001) and BC tissues (0.39±0.02, t=12.86, P<0.001) m6A level increased. Compared with normal tissues (1.00±0.26) (0.84±0.07) , METTL14 mRNA (1.57±0.28, t=13.50, P<0.001) and protein levels (1.66±0.11, t=10.89, P<0.001) in BC tissues were significantly increased high. Compared with the control group (100.00±10.11) (1.00±0.12) , the BC cell invasion ability (54.15±6.21, t=6.69, P=0.003) and activity (0.64±0.06, t=4.65, P=0.010) were weakened. Compared with the control group (100±11.05) (1±0.13) , the BC cell invasion ability (175.31±13.45, t=7.49, P=0.002) and activity (2.16±0.16, t=9.75, P=0.002) in the METTL14 overexpression group were enhanced, and the effects of METTL14 on cell invasion (137.41±12.64, t=3.56, P=0.024) and activity (1.64±0.15, t=5.59, P=0.005) were partially reversed after m6A inhibitor treatment change. Compared with normal tissues, CCNL2 expression was down-regulated in BC tissues, and the interaction between CCNL2 and METTL14 was confirmed. Compared with the control group (1.00±0.1) (0.64±0.05) , knockdown of METTL14 could make CCNL2 mRNA (1.67±0.05) . 0.13, t=7.08, P=0.002) and protein (1.09±0.09, t=7.57, P=0.002) were up-regulated. METTL14 knockout enhanced the stability of CCNL2 mRNA through a YTHDF2-dependent pathway, compared with sh-METTL14 group (50.47±5.16) (0.52±0.05) , BC cell invasion ability of sh-METTL14+sh-CCNL2 group (71.69±6.41, t=4.47, P=0.011) and activity (0.64±0.05, t=2.94, P=0.042) were improved. Conclusion:METTL14 inhibits the expression of CCNL2 through m6A modification to enhance the invasion and activity of BC cells.

Transcriptome analysis of PBMCs reveals distinct immune response in the asymptomatic and re-detectable positive COVID-19 patients

The existence of asymptomatic and re-detectable positive COVID-19 patients presents the disease control challenges of COVID-19. Most studies on immune response of COVID-19 have focused on the moderately or severely symptomatic patients, however little is known about the immune response in asymptomatic and re-detectable positive patients. Here we performed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptomic profiles of PBMCs from 48 COVID-19 patients which include 8 asymptomatic, 13 symptomatic, 15 recovering and 12 RP patients. Our analysis revealed a down-regulation of IFN response and complement activation in the asymptomatic patients compared with the symptomatic, indicating a weaker immune response of the PBMCs in the asymptomatic patients. In addition, we observed a lower expression of the cytokines and chemokines in the PBMC of asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. In contrast, the cytokines and chemokines level in the RP patients are higher than the recovering. GSEA analysis showed the enrichment of TNFa/NF-{kappa}B and influenza infection in the RP patients compared with the recovering patients, indicating a flu-like, hyper-inflammatory immune response in the PBMC of RP patients. Thus our findings could extend our understanding of host immune response during the progression COVID-19 disease and help the clinical management and the immunotherapy development for COVID-19.

Active or latent tuberculosis increases susceptibility to COVID-19 and disease severity

ImportanceRisk factors associated with COVID-19, the viral pneumonia originating in Wuhan, China, in Dec 2019, require clarification so that medical resources can be prioritized for those at highest risk of severe COVID-19 complications. Infection with M. tuberculosis (MTB), the pathogen that causes TB and latently infects [~]25% of the global population, may be a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 pneumonia. ObjectiveTo determine if latent or active TB increase susceptibility to SARS-COV-19 infection and disease severity, and lead to more rapid development of COVID-19 pneumonia. DesignAn observational case-control study of 36 confirmed COVID-19 cases from Shenyang, China, conducted in Feb 2020. Final date of follow-up: Feb 29, 2020. Cases were grouped according to COVID-19 pneumonia severity (mild/moderate, severe/critical), and MTB infection status compared. Comparisons were made with MTB infection data from another case-control study on bacterial/viral pneumonia at Shenyang Chest Hospital. SettingMulti-center study involving three primary care hospitals in Shenyang, China. Participants86 suspected COVID-19 cases from participating primary-care hospitals in Shenyang. All 36 SARS-CoV-2 +ve cases (based on RT-PCR assay) were included. Disease severity was assessed using the Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines of the National Health Commission of China (v6). Mean age, 47 years (range: 25-79), gender ratio, 1:1. ExposuresConfirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. Interferon-gamma Release Assays (IGRA) were performed using peripheral blood to determine MTB infection. Main Outcome and MeasuresEpidemiological, demographic, clinical, radiological, and laboratory data were collected. Comparison of MTB infection status between patients with mild/moderate and severe/critical COVID-19 pneumonia. ResultsMean age of 36 COVID-19 patients: 47 (range: 25-79); M/F: 18/18; Wuhan/Hubei connection: 42%. Mild/moderate cases: 27 (75%); severe/critical: 9 (25%). MTB infection (IGRA+ve): 13 cases (36.11%), including 7 of 9 severe/critical cases. MTB infection rate: higher in COVID-19 (36.11%) than bacterial pneumonia (20%; p=0.0047) and viral pneumonia patients (16.13%; p=0.024). MTB infection more common than other co-morbidities (36.11% vs diabetes: 25%; hypertension: 22.2%; coronary heart disease: 8.33%; COPD: 5.56%). MTB co-infection linked with disease severity (severe/critical 78% vs mild/moderate cases 22%; p=0.0049), and rate of disease progression: infection to development of symptoms (MTB+SARS-CoV-2: 6.5{+/-}4.2 days vs SARS-COV-2: 8.9{+/-}5.2 days; p=0.073); from symptom development to diagnosed as severe (MTB+SARS-CoV-2: 3.4{+/-}2.0 days vs SARS-COV-2: 7.5{+/-}0.5 days; p=0.075). Conclusions and RelevanceMTB infection likely increases susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, and increases COVID-19 severity, but this requires validation in a larger study. MTB infection status of COVID-19 patients should be checked routinely at hospital admission. Key PointsO_ST_ABSQuestionC_ST_ABSIs latent or active tuberculosis (TB) a risk factor for SARS-CoV-19 infection and progression to severe COVID-19 pneumonia? FindingsIn this observational case-control study of 36 COVID-19 cases from Shenyang, China, we found tuberculosis history (both of active TB and latent TB) to be an important risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Patients with active or latent TB were more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, and COVID-19 symptom development and progression were more rapid and severe. MeaningTuberculosis status should be assessed carefully at patient admission and management and therapeutic strategies adjusted accordingly to prevent rapid development of severe COVID-19 complications.

Current situation and research progress on postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy for thymoma / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Surgical resection is the most important treatment of thymoma. However, the role of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (PORT) has been controversial. The survival benefits of two-dimensional radiotherapy are not significant. However, precision radiotherapy has significantly changed tumor radiotherapy. The value of PORT for thymoma may also be altered. At present, the effect of radiotherapy in patients with positive surgical margins or inoperable resection is confirmed. For patients with complete surgical resection, Masaoka-Koga stage Ⅰ patients do not require PORT. Whether PORT should be given for stage Ⅱ patients remains debated if stage Ⅱ b, large volume and B2/B3 type were considered during radiotherapy. The role of PORT for stage Ⅲ patients is also in disputed, whereas a majority of findings support the application of PORT. Precision technology is recommended during PORT. The clinical target volume suggests that the three-dimensional expansion of the tumor bed is 0.5 cm, including the mediastinal pleura involved by the tumor and 0.5-1.0 cm along the anterior and posterior direction of the mediastinal pleura, the cranial and caudal direction, the lung side is expanded within the 0.5 cm, and the vascular wall around the tumor and part of the vascular space, so as to avoid including too much normal tissue. The dose for complete resection is 45-50 Gy and 54-60 Gy or slightly higher for incomplete resection, which may increase the benefits and reduce the risk of PORT.The application of new radiotherapy techniques such as particle therapy can gain the advantage of dosimetric distribution, and whether it can be transformed into clinical benefits needs to be further explored.

Exposure status and health risk assessment of deoxynivalenol from cereals in Chinese population in different regions / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the dietary exposure to deoxynivalenol (DON) from cereals and health risk in Chinese residents in different regions.@*Methods@#The data of DON concentration in cereals was derived from the national food safety risk surveillance from 2010 to 2017, with 15 422 samples of cereals included. China was roughly divided into north part and south part, along with the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River line. Sample size of each type of cereals, i.e. wheat flour, maize meal, oats and rice was 4 948, 696, 626, 1 006 in the north, while 5 648, 1 068, 266, 1 164 in the south. The data of cereals consumption was derived from China National Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002 and 68 335 respondents aged 3 and above, with 34 234 from the north and 34 101 from the south, were included. Simple distribution model was applied for calculation and comparison of the dietary exposure to DON from cereals in northern and southern residents based on individual consumption of cereals, body weight and average DON concentration in each type of cereals.@*Results@#Average DON concentration in wheat flour, maize meal, oats, and rice sampled in northern China were 235.4, 121.6, 7.0 and 4.6 μg/kg, respectively, while 239.1, 124.3, 29.0 and 15.5 μg/kg in cereals sampled in southern China. The average DON exposure from cereals in surveyed Chinese inhabitants was 0.78 μg/(kg·d). Among them, the DON exposure of northern residents was higher than that of southern residents (P<0.001), and the average exposures were 1.15 and 0.41 μg/(kg·d), respectively. A total of 49.2% of northern residents exceeded provisional maximum tolerable daily intake for DON exposure from cereals, which was much higher than that of southern residents (8.6%) (P<0.001). Wheat-based food products were the main source of DON exposure, with a contribution rate of 96.5% in the north and 68.3% in the south. Average DON exposure was the highest in the 3-6 years [2.12 μg/(kg·d) for children in north and 0.73 μg/(kg·d) in south].@*Conclusion@#Exposure to DON from cereals in northern residents of China was considerably high, with a certain health risk. Northern children aged 3 to 6 exposed even more DON and needed significant attention.

Treatment options of early-stage lung cancer: surgery or stereotactic body radiotherapy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

For the treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer, surgery is still one of the most important curative treatments. Lung segment or subsegment resection under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is becoming more and more popular. With the development of radiotherapy technology, Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) has achieved the similar or the same curative effect as surgery. It has become an indisputable curative treatment for patients who can not or refuse surgery, and there are still some disputes among those who can operate. Therefore, this review will elaborate on these treatment methods in order to help update the concept and provide more treatment methods and obtain more benefits for patients. Although it is no randomized clinical trial to compare SBRT with surgery, we suggest that SBRT is the curative treatment for patients who can not or refuse surgery. Especially for the elderly, or patients with cardiopulmonary diseases, diabetes and other high-risks. SBRT should become the main treatment methods, because its curative effect is not inferior to surgery and its complications are fewer and lighter. Therefore, for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in the early stage, it is more importent to choose individualized treatment methods so as to more benefit.

Safety of radiofrequency ablation for fetal reduction in monochorionic twin pregnancies over 26 weeks of gestation / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for fetal reduction in monochorionic twin pregnancies at gestational age over 26 weeks.@*Methods@#A retrospective study was performed based on the clinical data of 51 patients who underwent fetal reduction by radiofrequency ablation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2013 to July 2018. Clinical data including basic information, surgical data (such as ablation duration, power and the number of cycles), perinatal complications and pregnancy outcomes were collected. Differences in pregnancy outcomes were compared between the group with gestational age >26 weeks (n=17, group A) and that ≤26 weeks (n=34, group B) using t-test, rank-sum test and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.@*Results@#(1) The indications of fetal reduction were malformation in one of the twins, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence and selective intrauterine growth restriction [45.1% (23/51), 15.7% (8/51), 19.6% (10/51) and 19.6% (10/51)]. The differences in the proportion of different indications between group A and B were statistically significant [12/17, 1/17, 0/17, 4/17 vs 32.4% (11/34), 20.6% (7/34), 29.4% (10/34), 17.7% (6/34), P=0.009]. Those in the group A required longer operation duration than the group B [M(min-max), 20(7-40) vs 15(3-29) min, Z=2.550, P=0.011]. (2) The gestational age of the 51 patients was (23.7±4.7) weeks (15+1-32+6 weeks), the overall survival rate of the remaining fetuses was 86.3% (44/51) and the preterm birth rate was 50.0% (22/44). The gestational age at operation was (28.9±2.5) weeks (26+1-32+6 week) in group A and (21.1±3.1) weeks (15+1-25+2 weeks) in group B. The survival rate of the remaining fetuses and the preterm birth rate in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [17/17 vs 79.4% (27/34), P=0.046; 12/17 vs 37.0% (10/27), χ2=4.697, P=0.030].@*Conclusions@#Fetal reduction at gestational age >26 weeks, of which the main surgical indication is malformation in one of the twins, may increase the risk of preterm birth, but can improve the overall survival rate of the remaining fetuses without increasing the maternal and infant morbidity. Therefore, radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective procedure for twin pregnancies >26 weeks of gestation.

Analysis of aluminum content in unprocessed grains from different areas of China / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the aluminium content in unprocessed grains from different areas of China.@*Methods@#From June 2013 to December 2014, nine provinces (Jilin, Shandong, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu) were selected as sampling areas using stratified random sampling method. Three cities, counties or townships were randomly selected from each sampling area. Grain stations, grain depots, planting areas or farmers′ markets located in non-aluminium mining areas or non-aluminium-involved industrial pollution areas were selected from each sampling area using a purposive sampling method. A total of 470 unprocessed grain samples (500 g per sample) including wheat, rice, corn, millet and soybean were collected from local grain stations, grain depots, planting areas and farmers′ markets. The dried grains samples were analysed for aluminium content by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Bootstrap resampling method was applied to calculate the upper bound values of 95%CI of P99 of aluminium contents for each kind of grain, which could be regarded as levels of concern for corresponding categories.@*Results@#A total of 454 grain samples, including 109 wheat samples, 111 rice samples, 78 corn samples, 69 millet samples and 87 soybean samples, were used for analysis after excluding outlier values. There were 420 positive samples with detected aluminium and the overall detection rate was 92.5%. Among them, the aluminium contents were high in wheat and soybean with median values about 9.59 and 7.12 mg/kg, and maximum values about 31.55 and 28.80 mg/kg, respectively. The median and maximum values of aluminium contents in corn were about 4.65 and 26.79 mg/kg. Aluminium contents were low in rice and millet, with median values about 1.49 and 2.21 mg/kg, and maximum values about 7.56 and 8.07 mg/kg, respectively. Based on Bootstrap resampling method, the upper bound values of 95%CI of P99 of aluminium contents in wheat, soybean, corn, rice and millet were 29.86, 28.80, 26.79, 7.56 and 8.07 mg/kg, respectively, which could be regarded as levels of concern for corresponding grains.@*Conclusion@#Aluminium has been detected in most unprocessed grains. The accumulation of aluminium varies in different grains species.

Effects of two kinds of vertical partial laryngectomy on laryngeal function,postoperative extubation rate and survival rate of patients with glottic laryngeal carcinoma / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the effects of two kinds of vertical partial laryngectomy on laryngeal function,postoperative extubation rate and survival rate of patients with glottic laryngeal carcinoma.Methods From January 2013 to January 2014,one hundred and fifty patients with glottic carcinoma who treated in Huzhou Gospel Hospital were selected.The patients were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,with 75 cases in each group.The control group used the traditional vertical partial laryngectomy,the observation group was treated with modified vertical partial laryngectomy.The postoperative survival rate,extubation rate,extubation time and complications were observed in the two groups.Results The extubation rate was 100.00% (75/75) in the observation group and 97.33% (73/75) in the control group,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(χ2 =2.027,P>0.05).The extubation time in the observation group was (11.85 ± 0.49)d,which in the control group was (14.55 ± 0.56) d,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups( t=31.424, P<0.05).There were 67 cases(89.33% ) with grade 0 and 8 cases(10.67% ) with grade 1 in the observation group.The swallowing function of the observation group was stronger than that of the control group( Z=5.238,P<0.05).The 1-year and 2-year survival rates of the two groups were similar(all P>0.05).The 3-year survival rate of the observation group was 97.33% (73/75),which of the control group was only 88.00% (66/75),the differ-ence was statistically significant between the two groups (χ2 =4.807,P<0.05).There was no pharyngeal fistula in both two groups. There were 5 incision infections in the control group, and 1 incision infection in the observation group.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence rate of complications between the two groups (χ2 =2.778,P>0.05).Conclusion Improved vertical hemilaryngectomy therapy for patients with glottic laryngeal carcinoma can effectively shorten the time of extubation,better preserve swallowing function,improve the long-term survival rate,and the extubation rate and complication rate are similar with the traditional vertical partial laryngectomy.

Safety of radiofrequency ablation for fetal reduction in monochorionic twin pregnancies over 26 weeks of gestation / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for fetal reduction in monochorionic twin pregnancies at gestational age over 26 weeks. Methods A retrospective study was performed based on the clinical data of 51 patients who underwent fetal reduction by radiofrequency ablation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2013 to July 2018. Clinical data including basic information, surgical data (such as ablation duration, power and the number of cycles), perinatal complications and pregnancy outcomes were collected. Differences in pregnancy outcomes were compared between the group with gestational age >26 weeks (n=17, group A) and that ≤26 weeks (n=34, group B) using t-test, rank-sum test and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Results (1) The indications of fetal reduction were malformation in one of the twins, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence and selective intrauterine growth restriction [45.1% (23/51), 15.7% (8/51), 19.6% (10/51) and 19.6% (10/51)]. The differences in the proportion of different indications between group A and B were statistically significant [12/17, 1/17, 0/17, 4/17 vs 32.4% (11/34), 20.6% (7/34), 29.4% (10/34), 17.7% (6/34), P=0.009]. Those in the group A required longer operation duration than the group B [M(min-max), 20(7-40) vs 15(3-29) min, Z=2.550, P=0.011]. (2) The gestational age of the 51 patients was (23.7±4.7) weeks (15+1-32+6 weeks), the overall survival rate of the remaining fetuses was 86.3% (44/51) and the preterm birth rate was 50.0% (22/44). The gestational age at operation was (28.9±2.5) weeks (26+1-32+6 week) in group A and (21.1±3.1) weeks (15+1-25+2 weeks) in group B. The survival rate of the remaining fetuses and the preterm birth rate in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [17/17 vs 79.4% (27/34), P=0.046; 12/17 vs 37.0% (10/27), χ2=4.697, P=0.030]. Conclusions Fetal reduction at gestational age>26 weeks, of which the main surgical indication is malformation in one of the twins, may increase the risk of preterm birth, but can improve the overall survival rate of the remaining fetuses without increasing the maternal and infant morbidity. Therefore, radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective procedure for twin pregnancies >26 weeks of gestation.

Treatment options of early-stage lung cancer: surgery or stereotactic body radiotherapy / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

For the treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer,surgery is still one of the most important curative treatments.Lung segment or subsegment resection under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is becoming more and more popular.With the development of radiotherapy technology,Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) has achieved the similar or the same curative effect as surgery.It has become an indisputable curative treatment for patients who can not or refuse surgery,and there are still some disputes among those who can operate.Therefore,this review will elaborate on these treatment methods in order to help update the concept and provide more treatment methods and obtain more benefits for patients.Although it is no randomized clinical trial to compare SBRT with surgery,we suggest that SBRT is the curative treatment for patients who can not or refuse surgery.Especially for the elderly,or patients with cardiopulmonary diseases,diabetes and other high-risks.SBRT should become the main treatment methods,because its curative effect is not inferior to surgery and its complications are fewer and lighter.Therefore,for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in the early stage,it is more importent to choose individualized treatment methods so as to more benefit.

The analysis of chest,abdominal and pelvic primary occupying lesions by whole-body PET-like imaging / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the application value of 1.5T MRI whole-body PET-like imaging in the chest,abdominal and pelvic primary occupying lesions.Methods Whole-body PET-like imaging were performed in 5 7 patients with chest,abdominal and pelvic primary occupying lesions.The detection rate of whole-body PET-like in chest,abdominal and pelvis primary occupying lesions were compared.Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)values for benign and malignant lesions were compared and analyzed.Results (1) All of 71 cases of chest,abdominal and pelvic primary occupying lesions,67 lesions (94.4%)were diagnosed by whole-body PET-like imaging. Among them,31(93.9%)of malignant lesions were detected and 36(94.7%)benign lesions were detected.There was not statistically significant of detection rate between benign and malignant lesions(P>0.05).(2)The range of ADC value:malignant tumor was (0.83-1.57)× 10-3mm2/s,among which 27 lesions ADC value less than 1.1×10-3mm2/s,accounting for 87.1%;The benign lesion was (1.41-3.16)× 10-3mm2/s,among which the total 32 lesion ADC values of liver cyst(13),hepatic hemangioma(9)and renal cyst(10)were greater than 2.0×10-3mm2/s,accounting for 88.9%.There was significantly different of ADC values between benign and malignant lesions (P<0.05).Conclusion There is higher detection rate on primary chest,abdominal and pelvic space occupying lesions for whole-body PET-like imaging,which is suitable for tumor screening in healthy population.It is helpful to differentiate benign and malignant tumors by quantitative analysis of ADC value.

Meridian respiratory training improves pulmonary function after stroke / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective To explore the effect of modified meridian breathing training on the lung function of acute stroke patients. Methods Sixty acute stroke patients were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group, each of 30. In addition to the conventional neurological treatment, the control group received routine breathing training, while the intervention group was given modified meridian breathing training by professional reha-bilitation therapists once a day for 4 weeks. Forced vital capacity ( FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1) , as well as the rate of pulmonary infection were assessed before and after the treatment. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, a significant increase was observed in the average FEV1 and FVC of both groups, but the im-provement in the intervention group was significantly greater than in the control group. There were 3 lung infections ( 10％) in the intervention group, which was significantly lower than the 7 cases ( 23. 3％) in the control group. Conclusion Modified meridian breathing training can improve the lung function of acute stroke patients and reduce the incidence of lung infection.

Analysis on the clinical, neuroimaging and pathological characteristics in patients with corticobasal syndrome / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical,neuroimaging and pathological features of patients with corticobasal syndrome (CBS).Methods Three CBS patients underwent neuropsychological assessment,MRI scan,18F-FDG PET scan,and 11C-PiB PET scan,and the test results were analyzed.Results All three patients showed poor response to levodopa treatment and asymmetric dyskinesia including rigidity,tremor,dystonia and abnormalities in posture and gait.One patient showed apraxia and three patients presented with cognitive impairment.The crania MRI demonstrated mild cerebral atrophy which was slightly more severe in the contralateral side of the initially affected limb.The (18)F-FDG PET/CT scan revealed asymmetric decreased metabolism in the frontal,parietal,temporal,and insular lobe,as well as in basal ganglia.The results of (11)C-PiB PET showed that amyloid beta-peptide (A Beta) deposition in the cortex was positive in one patient,and negative in the other two patients.Conclusions Corticobasal syndrome is characterized by asymmetric dyskinesia and cognitive impairment,and often associated with apraxia,cortical sensory deficits,and alien limb phenomena.The MRI and FDG PET are helpful for CBS diagnosis,and the PiB PET facilitates the pathological diagnosis.

Thymic tumor:a systematic review of non-surgical treatment / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Thymoma of non-surgical treatment or combined modality therapy must be considered in advanced or unresectable cases, which includes radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. The first choice of resectable advanced thymoma is surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy. For unresectable advanced thymoma, inducted therapy followed by surgery and adjuvant therapy is a rational pattern. But the best treatment mode is still unclear. We review the effect and prognosis about non-surgical treatment of thymoma recent years, to offer advice about making the best decision in the treatment of thymoma.

Screening and efficiency verification of CRISPR-Cas9 single-guide RNA against human tumor suppressor gene p53 and PTEN / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the feassibility to edit human p53 and PTEN,two tumor suppressor genes,by CRISPR-Cas9 technology and to evaluate the editing efficiency in vitro,and to provide the experimental study tools for transforming primary healthy cells into malignant tumor cells and establishment of humanized mouse models with human oncogenesis in vivo.Methods:The single-guide RNA(sgRNA)sequences were designed to target the common exon regions of p53 and PTEN mRNA isoforms based on software analysis,that could predict their gene editing efficiency.The sgRNAs with high scores were selected and cloned into Cas9-P2A-GFP plasmid to construct sgRNA-Cas9-P2A-GFP vector that co-expressed sgRNA,Cas9 and GFP.The 293T cells in logarithmic growth phase were transfected with the sgRNA-Cas9-P2A-GFP vector(experimental group)or PBS(control group)by Lipofectamine 2000.After two-week expansion,the GFP-positive 293T cells were purified by flow cytometric sorter,whose genomic DNA was extracted for further analysis.The DNA fragments containing the sgRNA targeting site were amplified from the extracted genomic DNA by PCR and purified by gel extraction.Then they were linked into the pEASY-Blunt Zero cloning vector and transformed into competent E.coli cells.The single colonies formed by pEASY-Blunt Zero vector transformed cells were used to extract the plasmid for DNA sequencing.And the sequencing results of control group and experimental group were compared to judge the gene editing efficiency.Results:Over 82% of the sgRNA-Cas9-P2A-GFP transfected cells were found to express GFP gene after flow sorting in experimental group,which was significantly higher than that of the pre-sorted cells(P<0.05).Genomic DNA was extracted from the sorted cells after expansion and used as PCR template.The length of the amplified fragments containing the p53 mutation site was 612 bp,while the lengths of the amplified fragments containing the PTEN-1/PTEN-2 mutation site were 667 and 947 bp.The results of sequencing showed that the efficiency of editing induced by p53-1,p53-2 and PTEN-2 sgRNA were 54.5%,45.5% and 33.3%,respectively. Conclusion:The sgRNAs p53-1,p53-2 and PTEN-2 designed for p53 and PTEN can successfully guide Cas9-mediated site-specific genome editing with high efficiency at the genome level.

Analysis of periodontal health status and its related factors in the elderly in Haikou city / 中华老年医学杂志

Objectives To investigate the prevalence rate of periodontal diseases in the elderly aged 65～74 years in Haikou,and to provide basic data for the diseases prevention.Methods A total of 875 residents(aged 65-74 years)were selected using stratified random sampling in four areas of Haikou,and oral health checks were conducted.Results The prevalence rate of periodontal disorders,such as gingival bleeding,dental calculus,periodontal pockets was 57.8％,83.5％ and 24.0 ％,respectively.In average,9.2 (gingival bleeding),16.6 (dental calculus) and 1.7 (periodontal pockets)teeth were detected in each person.Detection rate of loss of periodontal attachment(LOA)of ≥4 mm(at least 1 teeth)was 55.7％,while the percentages of LOA ≥ 6 mm(at least 1 teeth)declined to 17.6％.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that dentures were a risk factor for bleeding gums.With aging,risk of the formation of dental calculus became lower.The risk of the formation of dental calculus was 1.98 times higher for the elderly without denture than for the elderly with denture.The risk of the formation of periodontal pockets was higher in men than in women.The risk of the formation of periodontal pockets became higher in the elderly from poor families.The risk of the LOA≥ 4 mm was 1.40 times higher for rural original-addressed elderly than for urban originaladdressed elderly,and smoking and drinking were risk factors for LOA≥4 mm.Conclusions The periodontal health status of the elderly in Haikou is not optimistic.Factors affecting periodontal health are multifaceted.Therefore,appropriate measures should be taken to improve the oral health status of older persons.

Investigation and analysis on mental health status among 3 295 residents in Hainan Province / 重庆医学

Objective To understand the mental health status of residents aged 15 years old or above in Hainan Province,and and to analyze its influencing factors to provide a scientific basis for improving the psychological health level of populations.Methods A multistage randomsampling method was used to extract 3 295 residents in Hainan Province and perform the investigate on the mental health status.Results Among 3 295 surveyed residents,410 respondents had mental disease,accounting for 12.44％ of respondents total number.The total score of SCL-90 in the residents of Hainan Province was lower than that of the national norm(t=14.65,P=0.00).(2)The morbidity of mental disease had no statistical difference between different genders(wald x2 =0.27,P=0.60);which had statistical difference among marital status,environmental satisfaction and family harmony (wald x2 =46.53,P =0.00;wald x2 =51.98,P =0.00;wald x2 =89.47,P =0.00).(3) The non-conditional Logistic regression analysis results showed that the influencing factors entering the regression equation were marital status(OR=0.52),family type(OR =0.57;0.53),environment satisfaction(OR=1.26),family harmony(OR=1.31),health self-examination(OR=0.72),borrowing 5 000 yuan within 2 d when urgent need(OR=1.31) and general well-being(OR=0.86).Conclusion The factors influencing mental illness in residents are multiple,so synthetic measures should be taken for its prevention.

Construction and identification of eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying hTERT-P2A-EGFP / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To construct the eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying hTERT-P2A-EGFP, and to explore its expression and transfection efficiency in the HEK293FT cells.Methods:The recombinant plasmid was constructed by using pBABE-puro-hTERT and pRRLSIN-cPPT-MSCV-EGFP plasmids.The hTERT,P2A,and EGFP genes were obtained using pBABE-puro-hTERT as template by PCR.And the correct hTERT was inserted into pRRLSIN-cPPT-MSCV-EGFP vector.Then the recombinant plasmid containing hTERT-P2A-EGFP gene was obtained and identified.The HEK293FT cells were transfected by the recombinant plasmid, and the expression of green fluorescence protein(GFP) was observed by fluorescence microscope.Results:The PCR results showed that the fragments of hTERT, P2A, and EGFP were 3 400, 110 and 720 bp.And the length of gene fragment(hTERT-P2A-EGFP)was 4 300 bp by enzyme digestion.The results of sequencing showed that the 1 547 site of the target gene was mutated.Using site-directed mutagenesis, the 1 547 site was successfully mutated.And the target gene sequence was completely identical with the sequence published in GenBank.The recombinant plasmid was transfected into the HEK293FT cells, and GFP was observed in the cells.The results of flow cytometry showed that the transfection efficiency of recombinant plasmid was 44.8%.Conclusion:The recombinant plasmid carrying hTERT-P2A-EGFP gene is successfully constructed, and it can be used for cell transfection.

Effect of health education on nursing intervention mode in hemodialysis patients / 中国基层医药

Objective To carry out health education nursing intervention mode for patients with hemodialy-sis,and to study and analyze the clinical nursing effect.Methods 112 cases of hemodialysis patients were randomlydivided into the observation group and the control group according to random number table,56 cases in each group. The patients of the control group were given conventional nursing model,and the patients of the observation group were given nursing intervention model on the basis of health education.The blood pressure,the internal fistula blockage, indwelling catheter caused by the incidence of infection and blood phosphorus level of compliance rate were compared in the two groups.Results After nursing intervention,diastolic blood pressure(76.17 ±7.02)mmHg and systolic blood pressure (131.17 ±8.77)mmHg of the observation group were significantly better than the control group [(90.91 ±8.44)mmHg,(141.29 ±7.08)mmHg],there were statistically significant differences(t =10.49,13.75, all P <0.05).The incidence rate of fistula obstruction (1.79%)and the catheter infection incidence rate(1.79%) of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group (28.57%,26.79%),there were statistically significant differences(χ2 =8.22,9.17,all P <0.05).The blood phosphorus level standard rate(60.71%)of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(33.93%),there was statistically significant differ-ence (χ2 =11.45,P <0.05).Conclusion The incidence of complications is significantly decreased after nursing intervention of health education in patients with hemodialysis,and the indexes are improved significantly,and there is no obvious conflict of interest.