Guidance on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period (First Edition) / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) is a class B infectious disease, which is prevented and controlled according to class A infectious diseases.Recently, children′s NCP cases have gradually increased, and children′s fever outpatient department has become the first strategic pass to stop the epidemic.Strengthening the management of the fever diagnosis process is very important for early detection of suspected children, early isolation, early treatment and prevention of cross-infection.This article proposes prevention and control strategies for fever diagnosis, optimizes processes, prevents cross-infection, health protection and disinfection of medical staff, based on the relevant diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control programs of the National Health and Health Commission and on the diagnosis and treatment experience of experts in various provinces and cities.The present guidance summarizes current strategies on pre-diagnosis; triage, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in common fever, suspected and confirmed children, which provide practical suggestions on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period.

Guidance on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period (First Edition) / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) is a class B infectious disease, which is prevented and controlled according to class A infectious diseases. Recently, children′s NCP cases have gradually increased, and children′s fever outpatient department has become the first strategic pass to stop the epidemic. Strengthening the management of the fever diagnosis process is very important for early detection of suspected children, early isolation, early treatment and prevention of cross-infection. This article proposes prevention and control strategies for fever diagnosis, optimizes processes, prevents cross-infection, health protection and disinfection of medical staff, based on the relevant diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control programs of the National Health and Health Commission and on the diagnosis and treatment experience of experts in various provinces and cities. The present guidance summarizes current strategies on pre-diagnosis; triage, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in common fever, suspected and confirmed children, which provide practical suggestions on strengthening the management processes of children′s fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period.

Inhibition of NLRP9b attenuates acute lung injury through suppressing inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress in murine and cell models.

Acute lung injury (ALI), known a severe disease along with high morbidity and mortality, is lacking of specific therapies. Inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress are critical pathologies that contribute to ALI. Recently, there is study indicated that NLRP9b, a NOD-like receptor (NLR) member, is critical in modulation of inflammatory response. However, the effects of NLRP9b on sepsis-associated ALI, and the underlying molecular mechanism have not been understood. In the present study, the wild type (WT) and NLRP9b-knockout (NLRP9b-/-) mice with C57B/L6 background were subjected to a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) for ALI murine model establishment. The findings indicated that NLRP9b-/- improved the survival rate of CLP-induced ALI mice, and inhibited pulmonary histopathological alterations, inflammation, and apoptosis. NLRP9b-/- reduced the activation of inhibitor of κBα/nuclear factor kappa B (IκBα/NF-κB), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a Caspase-recruitment domain (ASC)/Casapse-1 and Caspase-3/poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) signaling pathways in CLP-challenged mice with ALI. In vitro, mouse epithelial cells (MLE-12) were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or recombinant NLRP9b caused a significant increased of pro-inflammatory cytokines or chemokine, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation; however, these changes were markedly alleviated by NLRP9-knockdown using its specific siRNA sequence. Pre-treatment of MLE-12 cells with ROS scavenger of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) remarkably decreased lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and rMuNLRP9-induced production of ROS, and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines or chemokine, as well as the activity of IκBα/NF-κB, ASC/Casapse-1 and Caspase-3/PARP signaling pathways. Together, the findings here suggested that NLRP9b played an essential role in lung inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress of sepsis-induced ALI animal model or in LPS-induced MLE-12 cells, providing that NLRP9b inhibition might be a potential therapeutic option for ALI.

Investigation of the Habits and Understanding Situation and Demand of Knowledge of Drug Use among Pa-tients in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the development and improvement of pharmaceutical care in our hospital. METHODS:By questionnaire investigation,habits and understarding situation and demand of knowledge of drug use among pa-tients in our hospital were randomly collected by face-to-face interview or network platform. A statistical analysis was carried out on obtained results. RESULTS:In this questionnaire investigation,289 questionnaires were sent out face-to-face,and 282 valid ques-tionnaires were returned with effective feedback rate of 97.58%. Totally 51 valid questionnaires were returned through network plat-form. A total of 333 valid questionnaires were returned through two ways. The results of questionnaire investigation showed that 44.14% of the surveyed patients would read the drug instructions before taking drugs;41.14% of the surveyed patients would pay more attention to ADR and cautions stated in drug instructions. More than 60% of the surveyed patients had various bad habits of drug use. When getting better,66.07% of the surveyed patients would stop using drugs or reduce the dosage. When having not im-proved,26.73% of them would change drugs or increase dosage.Consulting with the medical staff was the most common source(69.07%)of drug use knowledge,and it was also the most trusted source(84.08%). Among the knowledge of drug use, surveyed patients most expected to understand theADR and side effects(65.46%),and the selectionindication and main us-er,cautions,drug interaction in multiple useandusage and dosagewere also selected frequently,and the choices of some options were significantly affected by the characteristics of people,such as age and education degree(P<0.05). The most expected way to acquire drug use knowledge wasface-to-face consultation with medical staff (72.97%),followed bytelephone consulta-tionandnetwork consultation,and the choices of some options were significantly affected by the characteristics of people,such as age and education (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Patients in our hospital haven't pay enough attention to drug instructions and their content,and bad habits of drug use still exist. Sources of drug use knowledge are diverse,but confidence of other sources is not enough except for source of medical staff. The demands for the knowledge of drug use are different,however,the present form and content of pharmaceutical care in our hospital cannot fully meet the needs of patients.