Chinese parents' intention to vaccinate their 0-5-year-old children with the EV-71 vaccine against hand, foot, and mouth disease and willingness-to-pay.

Background: This study aimed to determine the intention and willingness-to-pay (WTP) of Chinese parents/guardians to vaccinate their children with the EV-71 vaccine. Knowledge levels about hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and the EV-71 vaccine were also investigated. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administered online survey was conducted between November 2022 and March 2023. A stratified multi-stage random sampling method was used to recruit parents/guardians of children aged 0-5 years in southeastern China. Results: A total of 3,626 complete responses were received. The mean knowledge score of HFMD was 9.99 (±4.23) out of a total of 14 points. The majority of the participants reported a somewhat willing intent (58.8%), followed by an extremely willing intent (28.9%). Participants who did not consider the EV-71 vaccine expensive (OR = 2.94, 95%CI 2.45-3.53) perceived that the EV-71 vaccine is effective (OR = 2.73, 95%CI 1.52-4.90), and a high knowledge level of HFMD (OR = 1.90, 95%CI 1.57-2.29) had the highest significant odds of having an extremely willing intent to vaccinate their children with the EV-71 vaccine. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of WTP for the EV-71 vaccine was CNY¥200/USD$28 (IQR CNY¥100-400/USD$14-56). The highest marginal WTP for the vaccine was mainly influenced by the perceived high cost of the vaccine. Those participants who did not consider the EV-71 vaccine expensive had more than 10 times higher odds of vaccinating their children (OR = 10.86, 95%CI 8.49-13.88). Perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers were also significant influencing factors in the highest marginal WTP. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate the importance of improving health promotion and reducing the barriers to EV-71 vaccination. Therefore, it is important to improve health promotion and reduce the barriers to EV-71 vaccination.

Immune Efficacy of the EV71 Vaccine in Fujian Province, China: A Real-World Analysis of HFMD.

EV71 vaccine immunization mainly protects the human population against severe and fatal HFMD and has a positive effect on reducing the overall incidence rates of HFMD and of hospitalized cases. In the analysis of data collected over 4 years, we compared HFMD's incidence rate, severity, and etiological changes in a target population before and after vaccine intervention. The incidence rate of HFMD decreased from 39.02‱ in 2014 to 11.02‱ in 2021, with a decrease rate of 71.7%, and the decrease was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The number of hospitalized cases decreased by 68.88%, the number of severe cases dropped by 95.60% and the number of deaths dropped to 0. The proportion of cases caused by the EV71 virus in different populations decreased significantly after the intervention, specifically, by 68.41% among individuals 0-4 years of age, by 74.32% among kindergarten children, by 86.07% in severe cases and by 100% with respect to the number of deaths.

Safety and Immunogenicity of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) in Hypertensive and/or Diabetic People Aged over 60 Years: A Prospective Open-Label Study.

AIMS: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection may increase the risk of developing dangerous symptoms among the elderly with underlying medical conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine (Vero) in patients over 60 years of age with hypertension and/or diabetes. METHODS: An open-label, multi-center, prospective clinical trial was conducted at three medical sites in Fujian, China. Participants aged 60 years and above with hypertension, diabetes, and healthy controls were included in four groups: hypertension, diabetes, combined disease, and healthy controls. Volunteers received two doses of the inactivated SARS-COV-2 vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) on days 0 and 21. Adverse events were recorded for 21 days after each dose. Blood samples were taken before the first vaccination and 28 days after the second vaccination to detect the serum conversion rate and geometric mean titer (GMT) of neutralizing antibodies. RESULTS: A total of 480 participants (110 hypertension, 110 diabetes, 100 combined hypertension and diabetes, and 160 healthy controls) were recruited. The incidences of adverse events in the four groups were 10 (9.1%) in the hypertension group, 19 (17.3%) in the diabetes group, 11 (11.0%) in the combined disease group, and 11 (6.9%) in healthy controls, with no statistical significance (P > 0.05). At 28 days after the second vaccination, the positive conversion rates of serum neutralizing antibody in the four groups were 97.3%(107/110), 97.3% (107/110), 100.0% (99/99),and 98.7%(155/157), respectively, and the GMTs were 75.28 (95% CI 64.03-88.50), 69.4 (95% CI 59-81.63), 77.21 (95% CI 66.68-89.41), and 78.64 (95% CI 69.87-88.50), respectively. There was no significant difference in neutralizing antibody responses among the four groups (P > 0.05). Additionally, the GMT after immunization was higher in females than in males (OR = 2.59, 95% CI 1.31-5.12). CONCLUSIONS: The BBIBP-CorV vaccine is safe and elicits an adequate antibody response in patients over 60 years of age with hypertension and/or diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT05065879.

Evaluation of Immunogenicity and Safety of Vero Cell-Derived Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Older Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus.

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of the COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell), inactivated, in a population aged ≥60 years with hypertension or(/and) diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 1440 participants were enrolled and divided into four groups, 330 in the hypertension group, 330 in the diabetes group, 300 in the hypertensive combined with diabetes group (combined disease group), and 480 in the healthy population group. Two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell), inactivated, were administered at a 21-day interval and blood samples were collected before vaccination and 28 days after the second dose to evaluate the immunogenicity. The adverse events and changes in blood pressure and blood glucose levels after vaccination were recorded. RESULTS: The seroconversion rate of the COVID-19 neutralizing antibodies was 100% for all participants. The post-inoculation geometric mean titer (GMT) in the four groups of the hypertension, diabetes, combined disease, and healthy populations were 73.41, 69.93, 73.84, and 74.86, respectively. The seroconversion rates and post-vaccination GMT in the hypertension, diabetes, and combined disease groups were non-inferior to the healthy population group. The rates of vaccine-related adverse reactions were 11.93%, 14.29%, 12.50%, and 9.38%, respectively. No serious adverse events were reported during the study. No apparent abnormal fluctuations in blood pressure and blood glucose values were observed after vaccination in participants with hypertension or(/and) diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 vaccine (Vero cell), inactivated, showed good immunogenicity and safety in patients aged ≥60 years suffering from hypertension or(/and) diabetes mellitus.

Comparison of Safety of Different Vaccine Boosters Following Two-Dose Inactivated Vaccines: A Parallel Controlled Prospective Study.

A vaccine booster to maintain high antibody levels and provide effective protection against COVID-19 has been recommended. However, little is known about the safety of a booster for different vaccines. We conducted a parallel controlled prospective study to compare the safety of a booster usingfour common vaccines in China. In total, 320 eligible participants who had received two doses of an inactivated vaccine were equally allocated to receive a booster of the same vaccine (Group A), a different inactivated vaccine (Group B), an adenovirus type-5 vectored vaccine (Group C), or a protein subunit vaccine (Group D). A higher risk of adverse reactions, observed up to 28 days after injection, was found in Groups C and D, compared to Group A, with odds ratios (OR) of 11.63 (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.22-32.05) and 4.38 (1.53-12.56), respectively. Recipients in Group C were more likely to report ≥two reactions (OR = 29.18, 95% CI: 3.70-229.82), and had a higher risk of injection site pain, dizziness, and fatigue. A gender and age disparity in the risk of adverse reactions was identified. Despite the majority of reactions being mild, heterologous booster strategies do increase the risk of adverse reactions, relative to homologous boosters, in subjects who have had two doses of inactive vaccine.

Analysis of PAEs in semen of infertile men.

OBJECTIVES: Phthalates are environmental chemicals with reproductive toxicity and estrogenic effects in animals. They are of increasing concern to human health. AIM: To determine whether phthalate levels in semen were associated with infertility. METHODS: Using semen samples from 107 infertile and 94 fertile men, the presence and quantity of five phthalate esters were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Using data collected from questionnaires and clinical examinations, the correlation between phthalate exposure and semen quality was analyzed. RESULTS: The cumulative levels of the measured phthalate esters were significantly higher in the infertility group compared to the control group (P<0·05). Concentrations of the five phthalate esters in men varied by age with older men showing higher cumulative levels. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of phthalates may contribute to male infertility in our study population.

[Effect of equol of a isoflavone metabolite on menopausal symptoms].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of equol of a isoflavone metabolite on menopausal women and the menopausal syndrome. METHODS: 71 menopausal women living in Harbin were assessed, and the participants were at the age of 45-55 years. The concentrations of Isoflavone and equol in first-void morning urines were analyzed by HPLC. All participants completed Kupperman questionnaire tables which were used to evaluate the severity of menopausal symptoms. The association between the equol concentrations in menopausal women and the menopausal syndrome were examine by statistical analysis method. RESULTS: The negative association between the urinary equol concentrations and the menopausal index score (P < 0.05) were found, and the negative correlation only exists in EP group after grouping at the concentration of 0.5 microg/ml equol. CONCLUSION: It was suggested that it were more higher of urinary equol concentration in menopausal women, more less of the menopausal symptoms.