NIR-propelled Janus nanomotors for active photoacoustic imaging and synergistic photothermal/chemodynamic therapy.

Synthetic nanomotors have great application potential in deep tissue imaging and tumor treatment due to their active movement ability. Herein, a novel near infrared (NIR) light-driven Janus nanomotor is reported for active photoacoustic (PA) imaging and synergistic photothermal/chemodynamic therapy (PTT/CDT). Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) are sputtered on the half-sphere surface of copper-doped hollow cerium oxide nanoparticles after bovine serum albumin (BSA) modification. Such Janus nanomotors exhibit a rapid autonomous motion with a maximum speed of 110.6 ± 0.2 µm/s under 808 nm laser irradiation with a density of 3.0 W/cm2. With the assistance of light-powered motion, the Au/Cu-CeO2@BSA nanomotors (ACCB Janus NMs) can effectively adhere to and mechanically perforate tumor cells, thereby causing the higher cellular uptake and significantly enhancing the tumor tissue permeability in the tumor microenvironment (TME). ACCB Janus NMs also exhibit high nanozyme activity that can catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to reduce the TME oxidative stress response. Meanwhile, the potential PA imaging capability of ACCB Janus NMs offer promise for early diagnosis of tumors due to the photothermal conversion efficiency of Au NPs. Therefore, the nanotherapeutic platform provides a new tool for effectively imaging of deep tumors site in vivo to achieve synergistic PTT/CDT and accurate diagnosis.

3D hierarchical LDHs-based Janus micro-actuator for detection and degradation of catechol.

Micro/nanomotors that combine the miniaturization and autonomous motion have attracted much research interest for environmental monitoring and water remediation. However, it is still challenging to develop a facile route to produce bifunctional micromotors that can simultaneously detect and remove organic pollutants from water. Herein, we developed a novel Janus micromotor with robust peroxide-like activity for simultaneously colorimetric detection and removal of catechol from water. Such laccase (Lac) functionalized Janus micromotor consisted of calcined MgAl-layered double hydroxides (MgAl-CLDHs) nanosheets and Co3O4-C nanoparticles (Lac-MgAl-CLDHs/Co3O4-C), revealing unique 3D hierarchical microstructure with highly exposed active sites. The obtained Janus micromotors exhibited autonomous motion with a maximum velocity of 171.83 ± 4.07 µm/s in the presence of 7 wt% H2O2 via a chemical propulsion mechanism based on the decomposition of H2O2 by Co3O4-C layer on the hemisphere surface of Janus micromotors. Owing to the combination of autonomous motion and high peroxide-like activity, Lac-MgAl-CLDHs/Co3O4-C Janus micromotors could sensitively detect catechol with the limit of detection of 0.24 µM. In addition, such Janus micromotors also could quickly degrade catechol by •OH generated from a Fenton-like reaction. It is a first step towards using autonomous micromotors for highly selective, sensitive, and facile detection and quick removal of catechol from water.

Three-Dimensional Hierarchical HRP-MIL-100(Fe)@TiO2@Fe3O4 Janus Magnetic Micromotor as a Smart Active Platform for Detection and Degradation of Hydroquinone.

A novel multifunctional Janus magnetic micromotor was designed and constructed by using MIL-100(Fe)@TiO2@Fe3O4 multicore-shells modified with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a smart active platform to realize detection and degradation of hydroquinone (HQ). The obtained micromotor showed a unique three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical architecture with highly exposed active sites and could autonomously move at a speed of 140 ± 7.0 µm·s-1 by O2 bubbles generated from the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 fuel. Benefiting from the combination of active self-propulsive motion, high peroxidase-like activity, tuned heterojunctions with matching band structures, and a 3D hierarchical structure, an effective platform involving dynamically sensitive detection and quick removal of HQ from water was established by using the multifunctional HRP-integrated MIL-100(Fe)@TiO2@Fe3O4 Janus micromotor. The proposed multifunctional Janus magnetic micromotor had advantages of simple and feasible fabrication, sensitive detection and effective photo-Fenton degradation of HQ in a wide pH range of 4-7, and magnetic recycling, revealing potential for environmental remediation applications.

Glutaredoxin like protein (RtGRL1) regulates H2O2 and Na+ accumulation by maintaining the glutathione pool during abiotic stress.

Reaumuria trigyna, an endangered recretohalophyte, is a small archaic wild shrub endemic to arid and semiarid plateau regions of Inner Mongolia, China. Based on salt-related transcriptomic data, we isolated a GRX family gene, glutaredoxin like protein (RtGRL1), from R. trigyna that is associated with the removal of active oxygen and regulation of redox status. RtGRL1 encodes a plasma membrane and chloroplast-localized protein induced by salt, cold, drought stress, ABA, and H2O2. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ectopically expressed RtGRL1 positively regulated biomass accumulation, chlorophyll content, germination rate, and primary root length under salt and drought stress. Overexpression of RtGRL1 induced expression of genes related to antioxidant enzymes and proline biosynthesis, thus increasing glutathione biosynthesis, glutathione-dependent detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and proline content under stress. Changes in RtGRL1 expression consistently affected glutathione/oxidizedglutathione and ascorbate/dehydroascorbate ratios and H2O2 concentrations. Furthermore, RtGRL1 promoted several GSH biosynthesis gene transcripts, decreased leaf Na+ content, and maintained lower Na+/K+ ratios in transgenic A. thaliana compared to wild type plants. These results suggest a critical link between RtGRL1 and ROS modulation, and contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms governing plant responses to drought and salt stress.

Application of Gastroscopy Based on Nano Carbon in the Remedy of Chronic Pulmonary Heart Disease Caused by Helicobacter Pylori.

Chronic pulmonary heart disease is a common respiratory disease. Helicobacter pylori infection can lead to the occurrence of chronic pulmonary heart disease. However, most drugs for chronic pulmonary heart disease caused by helicobacter pylori are lack of tissue specificity. At the same time, due to the blocked blood circulation in the ischemic area, the distribution of drugs in the ischemic area is often not ideal. The gastroscope technology of nano carbon can make the drug release in the focus as much as possible, and can achieve the goal of targeted treatment. This paper mainly studies the application of the gastroscope technology based on nano carbon in the remedy of chronic pulmonary heart disease caused by helicobacter pylori. After 8 weeks of treatment, the indexes of right heart function in the two groups: TAPSE and RVMPI were better than before treatment, and the improvement degree in the remedy group was more obvious than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The improvement degree of E/A and PASP was not statistically significant, the difference between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05). In addition, the gastroscope of nano carbon can also reduce UA and TG in blood. The overall response rate was 93.75% in the remedy group, which was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05).