[Screening of differentially expressed genes during adipocyte differentiation by suppression subtractive hybridization technique].

OBJECTIVE: To screening differentially expressed genes related to adipocyte differentiation. METHODS: Total RNA extracted from the preadipocyte cell line SW872 was taken as the Driver and the total RNA from the differentiated adipocytes SW872 as the Tester. Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to isolate the cDNA fragments of differentially expressed genes. The products of SSH were inserted into pGM-T vector to establish the subtractive library. The library was amplified through E.coli transformation and positive clones of the transformants were screened. Positive clones were sequenced. Nucleic acid similarity was subsequently analyzed by comparing with the data from GenBank. RESULTS: There were 135 white clones in the cDNA library, 64 positive clones were chosen randomly and sequenced and similarity search revealed 34 genes which expressed differentially in adipocyte differentiation. CONCLUSION: The subtracted cDNA library for differentially expressed in adipocyte differentiation has been successfully constructed and the interesting candidate genes related to adipocyte differentiation have been identified.

[Effect of early high fat diet on pancreatic ß cellularity and insulin sensibility in young rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of early high fat diet on sugar metaboliam, insulin sensibility and pancreatic ß cellularity in young rats. METHODS: Sixty male weaned young rats were randomly fed with high fat diet (high fat group) and normal diet (control group). The body weight, viscus fattiness and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were measured after 3, 6 and 9 weeks. Serum insulin level was measured with radioimmunoassay. The ultrastructure of pancreas was observed under an electricmicroscope. RESULTS: The high fat group had significantly higher body weight and visceral fat weight than the control group after 3 weeks. There were no significant differences in the FPG level between the two groups at all time points. The levels of fasting insulin and HOMAIR in the high fat group were significantly higher than those in the control group after 3, 6 and 9 weeks (P<0.01). Dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mild swelling of mitochondria of islet ß-cells were observed in the high fat group after 6 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Early high fat diet may induce a reduction in insulin sensitivity and produce insulin resistance in young rats. Endoplasmic reticulum expansion in ß-cells may be an early sign of ß-cell damage due to obesity.

[Protective effects of fructose-1,6-diphosphate on brain damage caused by febrile seizures in rats].

OBJECTIVE: Febrile seizure (FS) is a pediatric emergency. The reiterative attacks of FS may result in brain damage to various extents. Fructose-1,6-diphosphate, serving as a cellular energy substance, has been applied to clinical practice for many years and has shown its importance in adjuvant treatment of diseases with myocardial damage. This study aimed to explore the potentiality of protecting rats' brain damage caused by febrile seizure with fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP). METHODS: Thirty 21-day-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into febrile seizure group (FS), sodium chloride solution (NS) control group and FDP intervention group (FD). Febrile seizure was induced by hyperthermal bath at 45 degrees C in the present study. No intervention treatment was given to rats in FS group before febrile seizure. Thirty minutes before febrile seizures, rats in FD group were given peritoneal injection of FDP at a dose of 25 mg per 100 g of body weight, whereas the same volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution was injected into peritoneum of rats in NS group. Manifestations of seizure and differences in seizure latency, duration of seizure and seizure severity were observed in all the 3 groups. Samples of rat brain were prepared for electron microscopy in order to understand the characteristics of the ultrastructural changes in mitochondria, interspace of neuronal synapses and neurons of hippocampal region CA(1). RESULTS: Data collected from this study indicated that peritoneal injection of FDP at 25 mg per 100 grams of body weight 30 minutes before febrile seizures could result in improvement of the clinical manifestation of the rats caused by febrile seizures. Specifically speaking, the seizure latency was prolonged, the duration of seizures was shortened and severity of seizure was reduced. Analysis of variance and q-test on the data collected from the 3 groups revealed that there were significant differences between FD group and the other two groups (P < 0.05), yet no significant difference was found between FS group and NS group (P > 0.05). Electron microscopic observations on brain specimens revealed that FDP could relieve mitochondrial degeneration and edema. FDP could also reduce neuronal degeneration and necrosis in hippocampal region CA(1) (the percentages of neuronal degeneration and necrosis in the 3 groups were respectively 13% for FD group, 28% for FS group and 30% for NS group). There was a significant difference between FD group and the other two groups (P < 0.05), FDP treatment could prevent interspace of neuronal synapses from enlarging (the mean interspace was 6.47 +/- 0.37 micro m for FD group, 7.60 +/- 0.36 micro m for FS group and 7.53 +/- 0.40 micro m for NS group. The difference between FD group and the other two groups was significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: FDP could lead to prolonged seizure latency, shorter duration of seizures and mitigation of seizures severity. FDP could also reduce neuronal degeneration and necrosis and prevent the interspace of neuronal synapses from enlarging in hippocampal region CA(1). The present study suggests that FDP can protect brain of rat from damages caused by febrile seizures.