RESUMO
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a progressive disease of multifactorial origin, which occurs in response to endothelial injury. Increased homocysteine (Hcy) is considered a major cause of endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and DNA methylation; however, the mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Hcy causes injury to endothelial cells (ECs) by the effect of lectinlike oxidizedlow density lipoprotein receptor1 (LOX1) DNA methylation through tolllike receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor (NF)κB/DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)1. The ECs were treated with different concentrations of Hcy, and it was found that Hcy promoted the expression of TLR4, leading to EC injury. The effect of oxidative stress was analyzed by measuring superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide in the ECs. In addition, the association between NFκB and DNMT1 was examined by treatment of the ECs with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). The results suggested that Hcy induced LOX1 DNA hypomethyaltion to promote the expression levels of LOX1. Taken together, Hcy injured the ECs through the effect of methylation and transsulfuration metabolism of LOX1 through TLR4/NFκB/DNMT1. Following injury to the ECs, lipids, particularly oxLDL, accumulated in the subendothelial layer to promote the formation of AS.