Cardiac-specific PFKFB3 overexpression prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy via enhancing OPA1 stabilization mediated by K6-linked ubiquitination.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D). 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) is a glycolysis regulator. However, the potential effects of PFKFB3 in the DCM remain unclear. In comparison to db/m mice, PFKFB3 levels decreased in the hearts of db/db mice. Cardiac-specific PFKFB3 overexpression inhibited myocardial oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, suppressed mitochondrial fragmentation, and partly restored mitochondrial function in db/db mice. Moreover, PFKFB3 overexpression stimulated glycolysis. Interestingly, based on the inhibition of glycolysis, PFKFB3 overexpression still suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in vitro, which indicated that PFKFB3 overexpression could alleviate DCM independent of glycolysis. Using mass spectrometry combined with co-immunoprecipitation, we identified optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) interacting with PFKFB3. In db/db mice, the knockdown of OPA1 receded the effects of PFKFB3 overexpression in alleviating cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Mechanistically, PFKFB3 stabilized OPA1 expression by promoting E3 ligase NEDD4L-mediated atypical K6-linked polyubiquitination and thus prevented the degradation of OPA1 by the proteasomal pathway. Our study indicates that PFKFB3/OPA1 could be potential therapeutic targets for DCM.

The protective role of ginsenoside Rg3 in heart diseases and mental disorders.

Ginsenoside Rg3, a compound derived from Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., is increasingly recognized for its wide range of pharmacological effects. Under the worldwide healthcare challenges posed by heart diseases, Rg3 stands out as a key subject in modern research on Chinese herbal medicine, offering a novel approach to therapy. Mental illnesses are significant contributors to global disease mortality, and there is a well-established correlation between cardiac and psychiatric conditions. This connection is primarily due to dysfunctions in the sympathetic-adrenomedullary system (SAM), the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor impairment. This review provides an in-depth analysis of Rg3's therapeutic benefits and its pharmacological actions in treating cardiac and mental health disorders respectively. Highlighting its potential for the management of these conditions, Rg3 emerges as a promising, multifunctional therapeutic agent.

Highly birefringent side-hole fiber Bragg grating for high-temperature pressure sensing.

We demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, high-temperature pressure sensor based on a highly birefringent fiber Bragg grating (Hi-Bi FBG) fabricated in a dual side-hole fiber (DSHF). The Hi-Bi FBG is generated by a femtosecond laser directly written sawtooth structure in the DSHF cladding along the fiber core through the slow axis (i.e., the direction perpendicular to the dual-hole axis). The sawtooth structure serves as an in-fiber stressor and also generates Bragg resonance due to its periodicity. The DSHF was etched by hydrofluoric acid to increase its pressure sensitivity, and the diameter of two air holes was enlarged from 38.2 to 49.6 µm. A Hi-Bi FBG with a birefringence of up to 1.8 × 10-3 was successfully created in the etched DSHF. Two distinct reflection peaks could be observed by using a commercial FBG interrogator. Moreover, pressure measurement from 0 to 3 MPa at a high temperature of 700°C was conducted by monitoring the birefringence-induced peak splits and achieved a high-pressure sensitivity of -21.2 pm/MPa. The discrimination of the temperature and pressure could be realized by simultaneously measuring the Bragg wavelength shifts and peak splits. Furthermore, a wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) Hi-Bi FBG array was also constructed in the DSHF and was used for quasi-distributed high-pressure sensing up to 3 MPa. As such, the proposed femtosecond laser-inscribed Hi-Bi FBG is a promising tool for high-temperature pressure sensing in harsh environments, such as aerospace vehicles, nuclear reactors, and petrochemical industries.

Contamination Status and Risk Assessment of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Shellfish along the Coastal Areas of China.

Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are widely distributed in shellfish along the coast of China, causing a serious threat to consumer health; however, there is still a lack of large-scale systematic investigations and risk assessments. Herein, 641 shellfish samples were collected from March to November 2020, and the PSTs' toxicity was detected via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the contamination status and potential dietary risks of PSTs were discussed. PSTs were detected in 241 shellfish samples with a detection rate of 37.60%. The average PST toxicities in mussels and ark shells were considerably higher than those in other shellfish. The PSTs mainly included N-sulfonylcarbamoyl toxins (class C) and carbamoyl toxins (class GTX), and the highest PST toxicity was 546.09 µg STX eq. kg-1. The PST toxicity in spring was significantly higher than those in summer and autumn (p < 0.05). Hebei Province had the highest average PST toxicity in spring. An acute exposure assessment showed that consumers in Hebei Province had a higher dietary risk, with mussels posing a significantly higher dietary risk to consumers. This research provides reference for the green and sustainable development of the shellfish industry and the establishment of a shellfish toxin prevention and control system.

High-temperature strain sensor based on sapphire fiber Bragg grating.

Sapphire fiber Bragg grating (SFBG) is a promising high-temperature strain sensor due to its melting point of 2045°C. However, the study on the long-term stability of SFBG under high temperature with an applied strain is still missing. In this paper, we reported for the first time to our knowledge on the critical temperature point of plastic deformation of the SFBG and demonstrated that the SFBG strain sensor can operate stably below 1200°C. At first, we experimentally investigated the topography and the spectral characteristics of the SFBG at different temperatures (i.e., 25°C, 1180°C, and 1600°C) with applied 650 µÎµ. The reflection peak of the SFBG exhibits a redshift of about 15 nm and broadens gradually within 8 h at 1600°C, and the tensile force value decreases by 0.60 N in this process. After the test, the diameter of the SFBG region decreases from 100 to 88.6 µm, and the grating period is extended from 1.76 to 1.79 µm. This indicates that the plastic deformation of the SFBG happened indeed, and it was elongated irreversibly. Moreover, the stability of the Bragg wavelength of the SFBG under high temperature with the applied strain was evaluated. The result demonstrates the SFBG can be used to measure strain reliably below 1200°C. Furthermore, the strain experiments of SFBG at 25°C, 800°C, and 1100°C have been carried out. A linear fitting curve with high fitness (R2 > 0.99) and a lower strain measurement error (<15 µÎµ) can be obtained. The aforementioned results make SFBG promising for high-temperature strain sensing in many fields, such as, power plants, gas turbines, and aerospace vehicles.

Fiber-tip Fabry-Pérot interferometer with a graphene-Au-Pd cantilever for trace hydrogen sensing.

The widespread utilization of hydrogen energy has increased the demand for trace hydrogen detection. In this work, we propose a fiber-optic hydrogen sensor based on a Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (FPI) consisting of a fiber-tip graphene-Au-Pd submicron film cantilever. The palladium (Pd) film on the cantilever surface is used as hydrogen-sensitive material to obtain high sensing sensitivity. Hydrogen sensing is realized by monitoring the resonant frequency shift of the FPI introduced by the interaction between Pd film and hydrogen molecules. The hydrogen sensor is proven for low-hydrogen-concentration detection with hydrogen concentrations in the range of 0-1000 ppm, and experimentally characterized by a highest sensitivity of 30.3 pm ppm-1 in a low hydrogen concentration of 0-100 ppm, which is more than two orders higher than for previously reported FPI-based sensors. In real-time hydrogen monitoring, a rapid reaction time of 31.5 s was achieved. This work provides a compact all-optical solution for the safe detection of low hydrogen concentrations, which is an interesting alternative for trace hydrogen detection in the aerospace industry, energy production, and medical applications.

Microbubble-probe WGM resonators enable displacement measurements with high spatial resolution.

A microbubble-probe whispering gallery mode resonator with high displacement resolution and spatial resolution for displacement sensing is proposed. The resonator consists of an air bubble and a probe. The probe has a diameter of ∼5 µm that grants micron-level spatial resolution. Fabricated by a CO2 laser machining platform, a universal quality factor of over 106 is achieved. In displacement sensing, the sensor exhibits a displacement resolution of 74.83 pm and an estimated measurement span of 29.44 µm. As the first microbubble probe resonator for displacement measurement, the component shows advantages in performance, and exhibits a potential in sensing with high precision.

Optimized femtosecond laser direct-written fiber Bragg gratings with high reflectivity and low loss.

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a femtosecond laser plane-by-plane (Pl-b-Pl) technology for inscription of high-quality fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). The spherical aberration (SA) was introduced to elongate the focal volume, and then combined with the scanning process, an expanded rectangular refractive index modification (RIM) region can be achieved. Such RIM regions exhibit a length of 15 µm and a width of 14 µm. Note that it consists of a negative region and a positive region. We have systematically studied the influence of the overlap between the RIM region and fiber core on the spectrum of FBG. After optimizing, the core of a conventional single-mode fiber (SMF) is covered completely by using the positive RIM region, resulting in a significant enhancement of the coupling strength coefficient (i.e., 3177.6 m-1). A 500 µm long FBG assembled by using these RIM regions can achieve a high reflectivity of 95.83%. Moreover, the cladding mode resonances in transmission spectrum are suppressed thoroughly, since the localized effect in RIM region was avoided. In addition, this FBG exhibits a high birefringence of 2.13 × 10-4. Therefore, the proposed fabrication method can be used to inscribe high-quality FBGs that could be used in many fields such as communication, fiber laser, polarization-selective filtering and multi-parameter sensing.

Orthogonal single-mode helical Bragg gratings created in fiber cladding for vector bending measurement.

We demonstrate a novel, to the best of our knowledge, two-dimensional vector bending sensor based on orthogonal helical Bragg gratings inscribed in the cladding of a conventional single-mode fiber (SMF). The helical cladding fiber Bragg gratings (HCFBGs) are created by using a femtosecond laser direct writing technology and a quarter-pitch graded index fiber (GIF) is used in front of the HCFBGs to diverge the core mode into fiber cladding. In contrast to the multimode resonance observed in conventional cladding Bragg gratings inscribed by using a femtosecond laser point-by-point (PbP) or line-by-line (LbL) technology, the proposed HCFBGs exhibit stable narrowband single-mode Bragg resonance. An HCFBG with a low peak reflectivity of -50.77 dB and a narrow bandwidth of 0.66 nm was successfully fabricated by using a lateral offset of 45 µm between the HCFBG and the fiber core axis. Moreover, two orthogonal HCFBGs were fabricated in the SMF cladding and used for vector bending sensing. Strong orientation dependence could be seen in omnidirectional bending measurement, exhibiting a maximum bending sensitivity of up to 50.0 pm/m-1, which is comparable to that in a multicore FBG. In addition, both the orientation and amplitude of bending vector could be reconstructed by using the measured Bragg wavelength shifts in two orthogonal HCFBGs. As such, the proposed HCFBGs could be used in many applications, such as structural health monitoring, robotic arms, and medical instruments.

Nano-Optomechanical Resonators Based on Suspended Graphene for Thermal Stress Sensing.

Nanomechanical resonators made from suspended graphene combine the properties of ultracompactness and ultrahigh detection sensitivity, making them interesting devices for sensing applications. However, nanomechanical systems can be affected by membrane stress. The present work developed an optomechanical resonator for thermal stress sensing. The proposed resonator consists of a section of hollow core fiber (HCF) and a trampoline graphene-Au membrane. An all-optical system that integrated optical excitation and optical detection was applied. Then, the resonance frequency of the resonator was obtained through this all-optical system. In addition, this system and the resonator were used to detect the membrane's built-in stress, which depended on the ambient temperature, by monitoring the resonance frequency shift. The results verified that the temperature-induced thermal effect had a significant impact on membrane stress. Temperature sensitivities of 2.2646 kHz/°C and 2.3212 kHz/°C were obtained when the temperature rose and fell, respectively. As such, we believe that this device will be beneficial for the quality monitoring of graphene mechanical resonators.

High-Quality Fiber Bragg Gratings Inscribed by Femtosecond Laser Point-by-Point Technology.

We experimentally studied the inscription of fiber Bragg gratings by using femtosecond (fs) laser point-by-point (PbP) technology. The effects of the focusing geometry, grating order, laser energy and grating length on the spectral characteristics of the PbP FBG were investigated. After optimizing these parameters, a high-quality first-order PbP FBG with a reflectivity > 99.9% (i.e., Bragg resonance attenuation of 37.7 dB) and insertion loss (IL) of 0.03 dB was successfully created. Moreover, taking advantage of the excellent flexibility of the fs laser PbP technology, high-quality FBGs with various Bragg wavelengths ranging from 856 to 1902.6 nm were inscribed. Furthermore, wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) FBG arrays consisting of 10 FBGs were rapidly constructed. Additionally, a Fabry-Perot cavity was realized by using two high-quality FBGs, and its birefringence could be reduced from 3.04 × 10−5 to 1.77 × 10−6 by using a slit beam shaping-assisted femtosecond laser PbP technology. Therefore, such high-quality FBGs are promising to improve the performance of optical fiber sensors, lasers and communication devices.

Polarimetric fiber laser for relative humidity sensing based on graphene oxide-coated D-shaped fiber and beat frequency demodulation.

We first propose and demonstrate a polarimetric fiber laser system for relative humidity (RH) sensing based on the beat frequency demodulation. A graphene oxide-coated D-shaped fiber (GDF) with a low insertion loss of 0.8 dB was embedded into a laser cavity to form an RH sensing probe. The output of the fiber laser could generate mode splitting between two orthogonal polarization modes due to birefringence of the GDF device. Hence, two types of beat signals, i.e., longitudinal mode beat frequency (LMBF) and polarization mode beat frequency (PMBF) could be generated synchronously. The experimental results indicated that the LMBFs of the fiber laser had almost no response to the ambient humidity, and the PMBFs of the fiber laser were very sensitive to the various RH levels. There was a good linear relationship between the PMBF and RH changes in the range of 30% to 98%. This fiber-optic RH sensor exhibited a sensitivity of 34.7 kHz/RH% with a high quality of fit (R2>0.997) during the ambient RH increase and decrease. Moreover, the average response and recovery times of the fiber-optic RH sensor were measured to be about 64.2 ms and 97.8 ms, respectively. Due to its long stability, reversibility, quick response time and low temperature cross-sensitivity (i.e., 0.12 RH%/°C), the proposed fiber-optic RH sensor could offer attractive applications in many fields, such as biology, chemical processing and food processing, etc.

Vectorial distributed acoustic sensing based on a multicore fiber and phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry.

A vectorial distributed acoustic sensing (vDAS) system is proposed and demonstrated for distributed two-dimensional vector vibration measurements based on phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (ΦOTDR). An optical pulse compression (OPC) algorithm was used to achieve high spatial resolution and suppress fading noise, and a Rayleigh-enhanced seven-core fiber (eSCF) was used to magnify the differentials of Rayleigh backscattering (RBS) in various cores undergoing vibrations. A combination of OPC and eSCF allows the system to fully quantify perturbations with a spatial resolution of 1.1 m and a strain resolution of 1.1 pε/√Hz, achieving a maximum acceleration sensitivity of 1.04 mrad/g at 60 Hz and an orientation reconstruction error of 1.92°. The proposed vDAS system can achieve vectorial distributed vibration sensing without the need for specific fiber layouts or complex reconstruction algorithms, increasing its potential for applications in vertical seismic profiles or pipeline inspection.

Simultaneous measurement of torsion and strain at high temperature by using a highly birefringent cladding fiber Bragg grating.

We demonstrate the fabrication of a new highly birefringent cladding fiber Bragg grating (Hi-Bi CFBG) consisting of a pair of sawtooth stressors near the fiber core by using a femtosecond laser direct writing technology. The unique sawtooth structure serves as in-fiber stressor and also generates Bragg resonance due to its periodicity. After optimization of laser pulse energy, the Hi-Bi CFBG with a high birefringence of 2.2 × 10-4 and a low peak reflectivity of ∼ -24.5 dB (corresponding to ∼ 0.3%) was successfully fabricated in a conventional single-mode fiber (SMF). And then, a wavelength-division-multiplexed Hi-Bi CFBGs array and an identical Hi-Bi CFBGs array were successfully constructed. Moreover, a simultaneous measurement of torsion and strain at high temperature of 700 °C was realized by using the fabricated Hi-Bi CFBG, in which the torsion can be deduced by monitoring the reflection difference between the two polarization peaks and strain can be detected by measuring polarization peak wavelength. A high torsion sensitivity of up to 80.02 dB/(deg/mm) and a strain sensitivity of 1.06 pm/µÉ› were achieved. As such, the proposed Hi-Bi CFBG can be used as a mechanical sensor in many areas, especially in structural health monitoring at extreme conditions.

Highly Sensitive Temperature Sensor Based on Cascaded Polymer-Infiltrated Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometers Operating near the Dispersion Turning Point.

High-accuracy temperature measurement plays a vital role in biomedical, oceanographic, and photovoltaic industries. Here, a highly sensitive temperature sensor is proposed and demonstrated based on cascaded polymer-infiltrated Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), operating near the dispersion turning point. The MZI was constructed by splicing a half-pitch graded index fiber (GIF) and two sections of single-mode fiber and creating an inner air cavity based on femtosecond laser micromachining. The UV-curable polymer-infiltrated air cavity functioned as one of the interference arms of MZI, and the residual GIF core functioned as the other. Two MZIs with different cavity lengths and infiltrated with the UV-curable polymers, having the refractive indexes on the different sides of the turning point, were created. Moreover, the effects of the length and the bending way of transmission SMF between the first and the second MZI were studied. As a result, the cascaded MZI temperature sensor exhibits a greatly enhanced temperature sensitivity of -24.86 nm/°C based on wavelength differential detection. The aforementioned result makes it promising for high-accuracy temperature measurements in biomedical, oceanographic, and photovoltaic applications.

High-Temperature-Resistant Fiber Laser Vector Accelerometer Based on a Self-Compensated Multicore Fiber Bragg Grating.

We propose and demonstrate a novel high-temperature-resistant vector accelerometer, consisting of a ring cavity laser and sensing probe (i.e., fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs)) inscribed in a seven-core fiber (SCF) by using the femtosecond laser direct writing technique. A ring cavity laser serves as a light source. Three FBGs in the outer cores of SCF, which are not aligned in a straight line, are employed to test the vibration. These three FBGs have 120° angular separation in the SCF, and hence, vibration orientation and acceleration can be measured simultaneously. Moreover, the FBG in the central core was used as a reflector in the ring cavity laser, benefiting to resist external interference factors, such as temperature and strain fluctuation. Such a proposed accelerometer exhibits a working frequency bandwidth ranging from 4 to 68 Hz, a maximum sensitivity of 54.2 mV/g, and the best azimuthal angle accuracy of 0.21° over a range of 0-360°. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of strain and temperature on the performance of this sensor. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) only exhibits a fluctuation of ~1 dB in the range (0, 2289 µÎµ) and (50 °C, 1050 °C). Hence, such a vector accelerometer can operate in harsh environments, such as in aerospace and a nuclear reactor.

Inulin-type fructans change the gut microbiota and prevent the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease, and few treatment options that prevent the progressive loss of renal function are available. Studies have shown that dietary fiber intake improves kidney diseases and metabolism-related diseases, most likely through short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The present study aimed to examine the protective effects of inulin-type fructans (ITFs) on DN through 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). The results showed that ITFs supplementation protected against kidney damage in db/db mice and regulated the composition of the gut microbiota. Antibiotic treatment and FMT experiments further demonstrated a key role of the gut microbiota in mediating the beneficial effects of ITFs. The ITFs treatment-induced changes in the gut microbiota led to an enrichment of SCFA-producing bacteria, especially the genera Akkermansia and Candidatus Saccharimonas, which increased the fecal and serum acetate concentrations. Subsequently, acetate supplementation improved glomerular damage and renal fibrosis by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and reducing toxic glucose metabolite levels. In conclusion, ITFs play a renoprotective role by modulating the gut microbiota and increasing acetate production. Furthermore, acetate mediates renal protection by regulating glucose metabolism, decreasing glycotoxic product levels and improving mitochondrial function.

Comparison of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with COVID-19 and influenza A (H7N9) virus infection.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compared the clinical features of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by COVID-19 and H7N9 virus infections. METHODS: Clinical data of 100 patients with COVID-19 and 46 patients with H7N9 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Elevated inflammatory indices and coagulation disorders were more common in COVID-19-ARDS group than in the H7N9-ARDS group. The median interval from illness onset to ARDS development was shorter in H7N9-ARDS. The PaO2/FiO2 level was lower in H7N9-ARDS, whereas the Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment score was higher in COVID-19-ARDS. The proportion of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation and liver injury in COVID-19-ARDS and H7N9-ARDS was 45.5% versus 3.1% and 28.8% versus 50%, respectively (P <0.05). The mean interval from illness onset to death was shorter in H7N9-ARDS. A total of 59.1% patients with H7N9-ARDS died of refractory hypoxemia compared with 28.9% with COVID-19-ARDS (P = 0.014). Patients with COVID-19-ARDS were more likely to die of septic shock and multiple organ dysfunction compared with H7N9-ARDS (71.2% vs 36.4%, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION: Patients with H7N9 were more susceptible to develop severe ARDS and showed a more acute disease course. COVID-19-ARDS was associated with severe inflammatory response and coagulation dysfunction, whereas liver injury was more common in H7N9-ARDS. The main causes of death between patients with the two diseases were different.

Nonlinear co-generation of graphene plasmons for optoelectronic logic operations.

Surface plasmons in graphene provide a compelling strategy for advanced photonic technologies thanks to their tight confinement, fast response and tunability. Recent advances in the field of all-optical generation of graphene's plasmons in planar waveguides offer a promising method for high-speed signal processing in nanoscale integrated optoelectronic devices. Here, we use two counter propagating frequency combs with temporally synchronized pulses to demonstrate deterministic all-optical generation and electrical control of multiple plasmon polaritons, excited via difference frequency generation (DFG). Electrical tuning of a hybrid graphene-fibre device offers a precise control over the DFG phase-matching, leading to tunable responses of the graphene's plasmons at different frequencies across a broadband (0 ~ 50 THz) and provides a powerful tool for high-speed logic operations. Our results offer insights for plasmonics on hybrid photonic devices based on layered materials and pave the way to high-speed integrated optoelectronic computing circuits.

Stabilized Ultra-High-Temperature Sensors Based on Inert Gas-Sealed Sapphire Fiber Bragg Gratings.

In situ measurement of high temperature is critical in aerospace, petrochemical, metallurgical, and power industries. The single-crystal sapphire fiber is a promising material for high-temperature measurement owing to its high melting point of ∼2045 °C. Sapphire fiber Bragg gratings (SFBGs), which could be inscribed in sapphire fibers with a femtosecond laser, are widely used as high-temperature sensors. However, conventional SFBGs typically exhibit a significant deterioration in their spectra after long-term operation at ultra-high temperatures, resulting from the formation of some unwanted microstructural features, that is, lossy spots and micro-etched lines, on the surface of the sapphire fiber. Here, we report for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a thermally stabilized ultra-high-temperature sensor based on an SFBG created by femtosecond laser inscription, inert gas-sealed packaging, and gradient temperature-elevated annealing. The results indicate that the lossy spots are essentially aluminum hydroxide induced by high-temperature oxidation, and the inert gas-sealed packaging process can effectively insulate the sapphire fiber from the ambient air. Moreover, the formation of micro-etched lines was suppressed successfully by using the gradient temperature-elevated annealing process. As a result, the surface topography of the SFBG after operating at high temperatures was improved obviously. The long-term thermal stability of such an SFBG was greatly enhanced, showing a stable operation at 1600 °C for up to 20 h. In addition, it could withstand an even higher temperature of 1800 °C with a sensitivity of 41.2 pm/°C. The aforementioned results make it promising for high-temperature sensing in chemical, aviation, smelting, and power industries.