Efficacy of bone ring grafts for the reconstruction of alveolar ridge deficiencies: a systematic review. Part II: animal trials.

Background: Bone ring (BR) grafts have been introduced to reconstruct alveolar ridge defects with simultaneous implant placement, but their clinical effectiveness remains undetermined. The aim of the current systematic review was to critically appraise evidence from animal studies regarding the effectiveness of BR grafts in alveolar ridge reconstruction and their variations under different surgical protocols. Methods: Electronic retrieval of six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus) and citation search until 11 October 2023, for animal studies on bone augmentation employing BR grafts. The outcome variables were total bone area (BA), bone volume (BV), bone-implant contact (BIC), and histology. The protocol was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023453949). Results: Ten studies were included in the qualitative analysis according to the screening criteria. Two studies demonstrated favorable bone remodeling and osseointegration of the BR with both the implant and pristine bone. A comparative study between autogenous BRs and allogenic BRs reported a higher percentage of BA and BIC at 4 months of healing, but conflicting data were observed at 8 months. Another study indicated a significant advantage of autogenous BRs over bovine and biphasic ceramic BRs in terms of BA and BIC after 5 weeks. Three studies found that using collagen membranes did not significantly affect BA, BV, or BIC when used simultaneously with autogenous BRs during implant placement. Two studies evaluated one-stage and two-stage implant placement in conjunction with BR grafts, revealing similar levels of BA, BV, and BIC except for differences in total treatment time. Furthermore, one study found that the use of mucogingival junction incision and split-thickness flap significantly reduced the incidence of wound dehiscence compared with conventional incision and flap. Conclusions: Vertical bone augmentation surgery utilizing BR grafts with one-stage implant placement yielded histological and histomorphometric outcomes comparable to those achieved with two-stage implant placement or the additional application of collagen membrane.

Gradient gyroid Ti6Al4V scaffolds with TiO2 surface modification: Promising approach for large bone defect repair.

Large bone defects, particularly those exceeding the critical size, present a clinical challenge due to the limited regenerative capacity of bone tissue. Traditional treatments like autografts and allografts are constrained by donor availability, immune rejection, and mechanical performance. This study aimed to develop an effective solution by designing gradient gyroid scaffolds with titania (TiO2) surface modification for the repair of large segmental bone defects. The scaffolds were engineered to balance mechanical strength with the necessary internal space to promote new bone formation and nutrient exchange. A gradient design of the scaffold was optimized through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to enhance fluid flow and cell adhesion. In vivo studies in rabbits demonstrated that the G@TiO2 scaffold, featuring a gradient structure and TiO2 surface modification, exhibited superior healing capabilities compared to the homogeneous structure and TiO2 surface modification (H@TiO2) and gradient structure (G) scaffolds. At 12 weeks post-operation, in a bone defect representing nearly 30 % of the total length of the radius, the implantation of the G@TiO2 scaffold achieved a 27 % bone volume to tissue volume (BV/TV) ratio, demonstrating excellent osseointegration. The TiO2 surface modification provided photothermal antibacterial effects, enhancing the scaffold's biocompatibility and potential for infection prevention. These findings suggest that the gradient gyroid scaffold with TiO2 surface modification is a promising candidate for treating large segmental bone defects, offering a combination of mechanical strength, bioactivity, and infection resistance.

Size-Optimized Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles Promote Neural Progenitor Cells Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells Through the Regulation of M6A Methylation.

Purpose: The committed differentiation fate regulation has been a difficult problem in the fields of stem cell research, evidence showed that nanomaterials could promote the differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles possess the regulation function of stem cell fate, while the underlying mechanism needs to be investigated. In this study, the process of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiate to neural progenitor cells (NPCs) by magnesium aluminum LDH (MgAl-LDH) was investigated. Methods: MgAl-LDH with diameters of 30, 50, and 100 nm were synthesized and characterized, and their effects on the cytotoxicity and differentiation of NPCs were detected in vitro. Dot blot and MeRIP-qPCR were performed to detect the level of m6A RNA methylation in nanoparticles-treated cells. Results: Our work displayed that LDH nanoparticles of three different sizes were biocompatible with NPCs, and the addition of MgAl-LDH could significantly promote the process of ESCs differentiate to NPCs. 100 nm LDH has a stronger effect on promoting NPCs differentiation compared to 30 nm and 50 nm LDH. In addition, dot blot results indicated that the enhanced NPCs differentiation by MgAl-LDH was closely related to m6A RNA methylation process, and the major modification enzyme in LDH controlled NPCs differentiation may be the m6A RNA methyltransferase METTL3. The upregulated METTL3 by LDH increased the m6A level of Sox1 mRNA, enhancing its stability. Conclusion: This work reveals that MgAl-LDH nanoparticles can regulate the differentiation of ESCs into NPCs by increasing m6A RNA methylation modification of Sox1.

Blood glucose to predict symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke with large infarct core: a prospective observational study.

Introduction: Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) is a serious complication of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after endovascular treatment (EVT). Limited data exist regarding predictors and clinical implications of sICH after EVT, underscoring the significance of identifying risk factors to enhance prevention strategies. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of sICH and identify its predictors after EVT in patients with large infarct core-AIS in the pre-circulation stage. Methods: Using data from the EVT for the Pre-circulation Large Infarct Core-AIS Study, we enrolled patients who were treated with EVT from the Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study of Early Treatment in Acute Stroke (MAGIC) registry. Baseline demographics, medical history, vascular risk factors, blood pressure, stroke severity, radiographic features, and EVT details were collected. The patients were classified into three groups: without intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), with asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (aICH), and sICH, based upon the occurrence of sICH. The main outcomes were the occurrence of sICH according to the Heidelberg Bleeding Classification and functional condition at 90 days. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify independent predictors of sICH after EVT. Results: The study recruited a total of 490 patients, of whom 13.3% (n = 65) developed sICH. Patients with sICH had less favorable outcomes than those without intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and those with aICH (13.8% vs. 43.5% vs. 32.2%, respectively; p < 0.001). The overall mortality was 41.8% (n = 205) at 90 days post-EVT. The univariate analysis revealed significant differences among the three groups in terms of blood glucose levels at admission, probability of favorable outcomes, incidence of brain herniation, and 90-day mortality. The multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that the blood glucose level at admission [odds ratio (OR) 1.169, p < 0.001, confidence interval (CI) 1.076-1.269] was an independent predictor of sICH. A blood glucose level of 6.95 mmol/L at admission was the best predictor of sICH, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.685 (95% CI: 0.616-0.754). Discussion: The study findings demonstrated that the probability of sICH after EVT was 13.3% in patients with pre-circulation large infarct core-AIS, and sICH increased the risk of an unfavorable prognosis. Higher blood glucose levels at admission were associated with sICH after EVT in patients with pre-circulation large infarct core AIS. These findings underscore the importance of early management strategies to mitigate this risk.

Cellulose nanofiber-mediated manifold dynamic synergy enabling adhesive and photo-detachable hydrogel for self-powered E-skin.

Self-powered skin attachable and detachable electronics are under intense development to enable the internet of everything and everyone in new and useful ways. Existing on-demand separation strategies rely on complicated pretreatments and physical properties of the adherends, achieving detachable-on-demand in a facile, rapid, and universal way remains challenging. To overcome this challenge, an ingenious cellulose nanofiber-mediated manifold dynamic synergy strategy is developed to construct a supramolecular hydrogel with both reversible tough adhesion and easy photodetachment. The cellulose nanofiber-reinforced network and the coordination between Fe ions and polymer chains endow the dynamic reconfiguration of supramolecular networks and the adhesion behavior of the hydrogel. This strategy enables the simple and rapid fabrication of strong yet reversible hydrogels with tunable toughness ((Valuemax-Valuemin)/Valuemax of up to 86%), on-demand adhesion energy ((Valuemax-Valuemin)/Valuemax of up to 93%), and stable conductivity up to 12 mS cm-1. We further extend this strategy to fabricate different cellulose nanofiber/Fe3+-based hydrogels from various biomacromolecules and petroleum polymers, and shed light on exploration of fundamental dynamic supramolecular network reconfiguration. Simultaneously, we prepare an adhesive-detachable triboelectric nanogenerator as a human-machine interface for a self-powered wireless monitoring system based on this strategy, which can acquire the real-time, self-powered monitoring, and wireless whole-body movement signal, opening up possibilities for diversifying potential applications in electronic skins and intelligent devices.

Whole genome resequencing identifies candidate genes and allelic variation in the MdNADP-ME promoter that regulate fruit malate and fructose contents in apple.

Soluble sugar and organic acids are key determinants of fruit organoleptic quality and directly affect the commodity value and economic returns of fruit crops. We conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the apple varieties 'Gala' and 'Xiahongrou', along with their F1 hybrid, to construct a high-density bin map. Our quantitative genetic analysis pinpointed 53 quantitative trait loci (QTL)s related to 11 sugar and acid traits. We identified a candidate gene, MdNADP-ME, responsible for malate degradation, on a stable QTL of linkage group (LG) 15. Sequence analysis revealed an A/C SNP in the promoter region (MEp-799) that influences the binding of the transcription factor MdMYB2, impacting MdNADP-ME expression. In our study of various apple genotypes, this SNP was linked to malate and fructose levels. We also developed a dCAPS marker associated with fruit fructose content. These results substantiate the role of MdNADP-ME in maintaining the equilibrium of sugar and acid content in apple fruits.

Natural alkaloids from Dicranostigma leptopodum (Maxim.) Fedde and their G5. NHAc-PBA dendrimer-alkaloid complexes for targeting chemotherapy in breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

Herein, we isolated five natural alkaloids, iso-corydine (iso-CORY), corydine (CORY), sanguinarine (SAN), chelerythrine (CHE) and magnoflorine (MAG), from traditional medicinal herb Dicranostigma leptopodum (Maxim.) Fedde (whole herb) and elucidated their structures. Then we synthesised G5. NHAc-PBA as targeting dendrimer platform to encapsulate the alkaloids into G5. NHAc-PBA-alkaloid complexes, which demonstrated alkaloid-dependent positive zeta potential and hydrodynamic particle size. G5. NHAc-PBA-alkaloid complexes demonstrated obvious breast cancer MCF-7 cell targeting effect. Among the G5. NHAc-PBA-alkaloid complexes, G5.NHAc-PBA-CHE (IC50=13.66 µM) demonstrated the highest MCF-7 cell inhibition capability and G5.NHAc-PBA-MAG (IC50=24.63 µM) had equivalent inhibitory effects on cell proliferation that comparable to the level of free MAG (IC50=23.74 µM), which made them the potential breast cancer targeting formulation for chemotherapeutic application. This work successfully demonstrated a pharmaceutical research model of 'natural bioactive product isolation-drug formulation preparation-breast cancer cell targeting inhibition'.

MST2 Acts via AKT Activity to Promote Neurite Outgrowth and Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Mice.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) constitutes a significant clinical challenge, and there is extensive research focused on identifying molecular activities that can facilitate the repair of spinal cord injuries. Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 2 (MST2), a core component of the Hippo signaling pathway, plays a key role in apoptosis and cell growth. However, its role in neurite outgrowth after spinal cord injury remains unknown. Through comprehensive in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrated that MST2, predominantly expressed in neurons, actively participated in the natural development of the CNS. Post-SCI, MST2 expression significantly increased, indicating its activation and potential role in the early stages of neural recovery. Detailed analyses showed that MST2 knockdown impaired neurite outgrowth and motor function recovery, whereas MST2 overexpression led to the opposite effects, underscoring MST2's neuroprotective role in enhancing neural repair. Further, we elucidated the mechanism underlying MST2's action, revealing its interaction with AKT and positive regulation of AKT activity, a well-established promoter of neurite outgrowth. Notably, MST2's promotion of neurite outgrowth and motor functional recovery was diminished by AKT inhibitors, highlighting the dependency of MST2's neuroprotective effects on AKT signaling. In conclusion, our findings affirmed MST2's pivotal role in fostering neuronal neurite outgrowth and facilitating functional recovery after SCI, mediated through its positive modulation of AKT activity. In conclusion, our findings confirmed MST2's crucial role in neural protection, promoting neurite outgrowth and functional recovery after SCI through positive AKT activity modulation. These results position MST2 as a potential therapeutic target for SCI, offering new insights into strategies for enhancing neuroregeneration and functional restoration.

Prognostic analysis of related factors of adverse reactions to immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer and establishment of a nomogram model.

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer has attracted widespread attention in recent years. However, the adverse reactions of immunotherapy and its relationship with patient prognosis still need further study. In order to determine the association between adverse reaction factors and prognosis, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic prognostic analysis. By comprehensively evaluating the clinical data of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated by immunotherapy, a nomogram model will be established to predict the survival status of patients more accurately. AIM: To explore the characteristics and predictors of immune-related adverse reactions (irAEs) in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy with programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) inhibitors and to analyze the correlation between irAEs and patient prognosis. METHODS: A total of 140 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors in our hospital from June 2021 to October 2023 were selected. Patients were divided into the irAEs group and the non-irAEs group according to whether or not irAEs occurred. Clinical features, manifestations, and prognosis of irAEs in the two groups were collected and analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the occurrence of irAEs, and the prediction model of irAEs was established. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the ability of different indicators to predict irAEs. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the correlation between irAEs and prognosis. The Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the prognosis of patients. RESULTS: A total of 132 patients were followed up, of whom 63 (47.7%) developed irAEs. We looked at the two groups' clinical features and found that the two groups were statistically different in age ≥ 65 years, Ki-67 index, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and regulatory T cell (Treg) count (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Treg count was a protective factor affecting irAEs occurrence (P = 0.030). The ROC curve indicated that Treg + Ki-67 + age (≥ 65 years) combined could predict irAEs well (area under the curve = 0.753, 95% confidence interval: 0.623-0.848, P = 0.001). Results of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that progression-free survival (PFS) was longer in the irAEs group than in the non-irAEs group (P = 0.001). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis suggested that the occurrence of irAEs was an independent factor for PFS (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION: The number of Treg cells is a separate factor that affects irAEs in advanced gastric cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitor immunotherapy. irAEs can affect the patients' PFS and result in longer PFS. Treg + Ki-67 + age (≥ 65 years old) combined can better predict the occurrence of adverse reactions.

Nonflammable Succinonitrile-Based Deep Eutectic Electrolyte for Intrinsically Safe High-Voltage Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Intrinsically safe sodium-ion batteries are considered as a promising candidate for large-scale energy storage systems. However, the high flammability of conventional electrolytes may pose serious safety threats and even explosions. Herein, a strategy of constructing a deep eutectic electrolyte is proposed to boost the safety and electrochemical performance of succinonitrile (SN)-based electrolyte. The strong hydrogen bond between S═O of 1,3,2-dioxathiolane-2,2-dioxide (DTD) and the α-H of SN endows the enhanced safety and compatibility of SN with Lewis bases. Meanwhile, the DTD participates in the inner Na+ sheath and weakens the coordination number of SN. The unique solvation configuration promotes the formation of robust gradient inorganic-rich electrode-electrolyte interphase, and merits stable cycling of half-cells in a wide temperature range, with a capacity retention of 82.8% after 800 cycles (25 °C) and 86.3% after 100 cycles (60 °C). Correspondingly, the full cells deliver tremendous improvement in cycling stability and rate performance.

Facile construction of sandwich ELISA based on double-nanobody for specific detection of α-hemolysin in food samples.

α-hemolysin (Hla), a toxin secreted by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), has been proved to be involved in the occurrence and aggravation of food poisoning. Hence, it is quite essential to establish its rapid detection methods to guarantee food safety. Sandwich ELISA based on nanobody is well known to be viable for toxins, but there is absence of nanobody against Hla, let alone a pair for it. Therefore, in this paper, we screened specific nanobodies by bio-panning and obtained the optimal nanobody pair for sandwich ELISA firstly. Then, RANbody, a novel nanobody owning both recognition and catalytic capability, is generated in a single step and at low cost through molecular recombination technology. Subsequently, sandwich ELISA was developed to detect Hla based on the nanobody and RANbody, that not only eliminated the use of secondary antibodies and animal-derived antibody, but also reduced detection time and cost, compared with traditional sandwich ELISA. Lastly, the performance has been evaluated, especially for specificity which showed no response to other hemolysins and a low limit of detection of 10 ng/mL. Besides, the proposed sandwich ELISA exhibits favorable feasibility and was successfully employed for the detection of Hla in milk and pork samples.

Burden of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction and their impact on hospitalization outcomes: insights from China acute myocardial infarction (CAMI) registry.

BACKGROUND: The coexistence of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) usually exhibits poor prognosis. However, there are few contemporary data available on the burden of cardiac arrhythmias in AMI patients and their impact on in-hospital outcomes. METHODS: The present study analyzed data from the China Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) registry involving 23,825 consecutive AMI patients admitted to 108 hospitals from January 2013 to February 2018. Cardiac arrhythmias were defined as the presence of bradyarrhythmias, sustained atrial tachyarrhythmias, and sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias that occurred during hospitalization. In-hospital outcome was defined as a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiogenic shock, re-infarction, stroke, or heart failure. RESULTS: Cardiac arrhythmia was presented in 1991 (8.35%) AMI patients, including 3.4% ventricular tachyarrhythmias, 2.44% bradyarrhythmias, 1.78% atrial tachyarrhythmias, and 0.73% ≥2 kinds of arrhythmias. Patients with arrhythmias were more common with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (83.3% vs. 75.5%, P < 0.001), fibrinolysis (12.8% vs. 8.0%, P < 0.001), and previous heart failure (3.7% vs. 1.5%, P < 0.001). The incidences of in-hospital outcomes were 77.0%, 50.7%, 43.5%, and 41.4%, respectively, in patients with ≥ 2 kinds of arrhythmias, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, bradyarrhythmias, and atrial tachyarrhythmias, and were significantly higher in all patients with arrhythmias than those without arrhythmias (48.9% vs. 12.5%, P < 0.001). The presence of any kinds of arrhythmia was independently associated with an increased risk of hospitalization outcome (≥ 2 kinds of arrhythmias, OR 26.83, 95%CI 18.51-38.90; ventricular tachyarrhythmias, OR 8.56, 95%CI 7.34-9.98; bradyarrhythmias, OR 5.82, 95%CI 4.87-6.95; atrial tachyarrhythmias, OR4.15, 95%CI 3.38-5.10), and in-hospital mortality (≥ 2 kinds of arrhythmias, OR 24.44, 95%CI 17.03-35.07; ventricular tachyarrhythmias, OR 13.61, 95%CI 10.87-17.05; bradyarrhythmias, OR 7.85, 95%CI 6.0-10.26; atrial tachyarrhythmias, OR 4.28, 95%CI 2.98-6.16). CONCLUSION: Cardiac arrhythmia commonly occurred in patients with AMI might be ventricular tachyarrhythmias, followed by bradyarrhythmias, atrial tachyarrhythmias, and ≥ 2 kinds of arrhythmias. The presence of any arrhythmias could impact poor hospitalization outcomes. REGISTRATION: Clinical Trial Registration: Identifier: NCT01874691.

Detection of lard adulteration in 3 kinds of vegetable oils by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with porous graphite carbon column.

Liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry employing porous graphite carbon columns and an n-octane-isopropanol mobile phase was utilized for the separation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in various edible oils, aiming to identify lard adulteration in soybean, corn, and sunflower seed oils. Experiments were conducted using a Hypercarb column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 5 µm) and an n-octane-isopropanol (70:30, V/V) mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.25 mL· min-1 and a column temperature of 60 °C. Detection was achieved through atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry. Analysis of diverse edible oil samples revealed that oils of the same type shared similar TAG compositions, while different types exhibited distinct TAG profiles. Distinct variations in triglyceride composition were observed across different edible oils. Based on liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry analysis, the characteristic component 1-stearic acid-2-palmitic acid-3-oleic acid glyceride (SPO), which may also include PSO, was identified in lard through principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis. This component served as a marker for detecting as low as 0.1% lard adulteration in soybean, corn, and sunflower seed oils. The technique offers a precise and effective approach for the identification of lard adulteration in these edible oils.

Analysis of risk factors of suicidal ideation in adolescent patients with depression and construction of prediction model.

BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder is a common mental illness among adolescents and is the largest disease burden in this age group. Most adolescent patients with depression have suicidal ideation (SI); however, few studies have focused on the factors related to SI, and effective predictive models are lacking. AIM: To construct a risk prediction model for SI in adolescent depression and provide a reference assessment tool for prevention. METHODS: The data of 150 adolescent patients with depression at the First People's Hospital of Lianyungang from June 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on whether or not they had SI, they were divided into a SI group (n = 91) and a non-SI group (n = 59). The general data and laboratory indices of the two groups were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing SI in adolescent patients with depression, a nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the analysis results, and internal evaluation was performed. Receiver operating characteristic and calibration curves were used to evaluate the model's efficacy, and the clinical application value was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA). RESULTS: There were differences in trauma history, triggers, serum ferritin levels (SF), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (hs-CRP), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that trauma history, predisposing factors, SF, hs-CRP, and HDL-C were factors influencing SI in adolescent patients with depression. The area under the curve of the nomogram prediction model was 0.831 (95%CI: 0.763-0.899), sensitivity was 0.912, and specificity was 0.678. The higher net benefit of the DCA and the average absolute error of the calibration curve were 0.043, indicating that the model had a good fit. CONCLUSION: The nomogram prediction model based on trauma history, triggers, ferritin, serum hs-CRP, and HDL-C levels can effectively predict the risk of SI in adolescent patients with depression.

KIF15 promotes the development and progression of chordoma via activating PI3K-AKT signalling pathway.

Aims: Despite its implication in various human cancers, the expression and functional significance of Kinesin family member 15 (KIF15) in chordomas remain unexplored. Main methods: The evaluation of KIF15 protein levels was conducted through immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was quantified using MTT and CCK8 assays, whereas cell migration was examined using wound healing and Transwell assays. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis was utilized to assess cell apoptosis and the cell cycle. Additionally, in vivo experiments were performed using a mouse xenograft model. Key findings: Our study revealed significantly higher expression of KIF15 in stage III chordoma tissues compared to stage II tissues. Knockdown of KIF15 led to notable inhibition of cell proliferation and migration, along with enhanced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In vivo studies further confirmed the inhibitory effects of KIF15 knockdown on chordoma tumour growth. In terms of mechanism, we identified the involvement of the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway mediated by KIF15 in chordomas. Notably, the anti-tumour effects of KIF15 deficiency on chordomas were partially reversed by the addition of an AKT activator. Significance: KIF15 promotes chordoma development and progression through the activation of the PI3K-AKT signalling pathway. Thus, targeting KIF15 might be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating chordomas.

Data-driven assisted real-time optimal control strategy of submerged arc furnace via intelligent energy terminals considering large-scale renewable energy utilization.

This study presents a data-driven assisted real-time optimization model which is an innovative approach to address the challenges posed by integrating Submerged Arc Furnace (SAF) systems with renewable energy sources, specifically photovoltaic (PV) and wind power, with modern intelligent energy terminals. Specifically, the proposed method is divided into two stages. The first stage is related to data-driven prediction for addressing local time-varying renewable energy and electricity market prices with predicted information, and the second stage uses an optimization model for real-time SAF dispatch. Connections between intelligent energy terminals, demand-side devices, and load management systems are established to enhance local renewable resource utilization. Additionally, mathematical formulations of the operating resistance in SAF are explored, and deep neuron networks are employed and modified for dynamic uncertainty prediction. The proposed approach is validated through a case study involving an intelligent energy terminal with a 12.5 MVA SAF system and 12 MW capacity renewable generators in an electricity market with fluctuating prices. The findings of this research underscore the efficacy of the proposed optimization model in reducing operational costs and enhancing the utilization of localized renewable energy generation. By integrating four distinct dissatisfaction coefficients into the optimization framework, we demonstrate the model's adaptability and efficiency. The application of the optimization strategy delineated herein results in the SAF system's profitability oscillating between $111 and $416 across various time intervals, contingent upon the coefficient settings. Remarkably, an aggregate daily loss recovery amounting to $1,906.84 can be realized during the optimization period. Such outcomes not only signify considerable economic advantages but also contribute to grid stability and the diminution of renewable energy curtailment, thereby underscoring the dual benefits of economic efficiency and sustainability in energy management practices.

Safety of non-ionic contrast media in CT examinations for out-patients: retrospective multicenter analysis of 473,482 patients.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the incidence of and potential risk factors for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) after non-ionic iodinated contrast media (NICM) administration for CT exams in out-patient settings in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 473,482 out-patients who underwent intravenous NICM between January 1st, 2017, and Dec 31st, 2021, were retrospectively enrolled from three institutions. The occurrence of ADRs and clinical information were recorded. Chi-square test, Poisson regression, and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate potential ADR risk factors and correlation with demographics, season, and NICM type. RESULTS: Among the 473,482 patients (mean age 55.22 ± 14.85; 253,499 male) who received intravenous NICM, the overall ADR incidence was 0.110% (522 of 473,482), with 0.099% acute-related drug reactions (469 of 473,482) and 0.0004% serious ADRs (two of 473,482). Iopromide was associated with a higher risk of acute ADRs. Late ADRs were more frequently observed with iodixanol 320. Multi-level logistic regression of patients with acute ADRs and a control group (matched 1:1 for age, gender, NICM, prescriber department, and institution) showed that summer (adjusted OR = 1.579; p = 0.035) and autumn (adjusted OR = 1.925; p < 0.001) were risk factors of acute ADRs. However, underlying disease and scanned body area were not related to a higher ADR incidence. CONCLUSION: The use of NICM for out-patients is in general safe with a low ADR incidence. The type of contrast medium (iopromide) and the seasons (summer and autumn) were associated with a higher risk of acute ADRs. Late ADRs were more often observed with iodixanol. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: In comparison to in-patients, out-patients may be exposed to higher risk due to a lack of extensive risk screening, less nursing care, and higher throughput pressure. Safety data about NICM from a large population may complement guidelines and avoid ambiguity. KEY POINTS: • The incidence and risk factors for adverse events after using non-ionic iodinated contrast media are complex in out-patients. • Non-ionic iodinated contrast media are safe for out-patients and the overall incidence of adverse drug reactions was 0.110%. • There is a higher risk of acute adverse drug reactions in summer and autumn.

Markerless gait analysis through a single camera and computer vision.

The assessment of gait performance using quantitative measures can yield crucial insights into an individual's health status. Recently, computer vision-based human pose estimation has emerged as a promising solution for markerless gait analysis, as it allows for the direct extraction of gait parameters from videos. This study aimed to compare the lower extremity kinematics and spatiotemporal gait parameters obtained from a single-camera-based markerless method with those acquired from a marker-based motion tracking system across a healthy population. Additionally, we investigated the impact of camera viewing angles and distances on the accuracy of the markerless method. Our findings demonstrated a robust correlation and agreement (Rxy > 0.75, Rc > 0.7) between the markerless and marker-based methods for most spatiotemporal gait parameters. We also observed strong correlations (Rxy > 0.8) between the two methods for hip flexion/extension, knee flexion/extension, hip abduction/adduction, and hip internal/external rotation. Statistical tests revealed significant effects of viewing angles and distances on the accuracy of the identified gait parameters. While the markerless method offers an alternative for general gait analysis, particularly when marker use is impractical, its accuracy for clinical applications remains insufficient and requires substantial improvement. Future investigations should explore the potential of the markerless system to measure gait parameters in pathological gaits.