Space-CNN: a decision classification method based on EEG signals from different brain regions.

Decision-making plays a critical role in an individual's interpersonal interactions and cognitive processes. Due to the issue of strong subjectivity in the classification research of art design decisions, we utilize the relatively objective electroencephalogram (EEG) to explore design decision problems. However, different regions of the brain do not have the same influence on the design decision classification, so this paper proposes a spatial feature based convolutional neural network (space-CNN) to explore the problem of decision classification of EEG signals from different regions. We recruit 16 subjects to collect their EEG data while viewing four stimulation patterns. After noise reduction of the raw data by discrete wavelet transform (DWT), the EEG image is generated by combining it with the spatial features of the EEG signal, which is used as the input of CNN. Our experimental results show that the degree of influence of different brain regions on decision-making is parietal lobe > frontal lobe > occipital lobe > temporal lobe. In addition, the average accuracy of space-CNN reaches 86.13%, which is about 6% higher than similar studies.

Diabetic foot disease and its associated factors in Hanzhong in 2016 - 2022 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To study the status of diabetic foot and its related factors in Hanzhong area in recent years, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and management of diabetic foot complicated by type 2 diabetes. Methods A stratified sampling method was used to select 528 patients with type 2 diabetes among permanent residents in Hanzhong from April 2016 to April 2022. Relevant medical history and laboratory examination data were collected, and the incidence of diabetic foot was calculated. The influence of related factors on the risk of diabetic foot was analyzed by regression model. Results Among 528 subjects in this study, the disease course and body type of T2DM showed that male patients had significantly longer disease, and the proportion of overweight and obesity was higher, P2=27.516，P<0.05）. The proportion of male patients complicated with diabetic foot was higher than that of female patients (P<0.05). At the same time, the incidence of Wagner Grade I was higher in males than in females (P<0.05). The effects of potential factors on the risk of diabetic foot were discussed by gender. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors of diabetic foot in male T2DM patients included: Increased course of disease, increased age, poor blood glucose control, increased total cholesterol level, increased BMI level and increased platelet to lymphocyte ratio . Potential risk factors in women include increased course of disease, age, poor blood sugar control (increased glycosylated hemoglobin levels) and increased platelet to lymphocyte ratios in all cases（P<0.05）. Conclusion The current prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes patients complicated with diabetes foot in Hanzhong area is 16.29%, which is still high , and the prevalence rate of men is significantly higher than that of women. Older age, long duration of T2DM, poor blood glucose control, increased total cholesterol level, increased blood uric acid level, decreased urine pH value, and increased platelet lymphocyte ratio are potential risk factors for diabetes foot. Male patients should also pay attention to the occurrence of overweight and obesity tendency to reduce the risk of diabetes foot.

Designing a Silymarin Nanopercolating System Using CME@ZIF-8: An Approach to Hepatic Injuries.

It is commonly known that silymarin, a phytoconstituent obtained from the Silybum marianum plant, has hepatoprotective and antioxidative properties. However, its low oral bioavailability and poor water solubility negatively impact its therapeutic efficacy. The goal of the present study was to determine the efficiency of the Cordia myxa extract-based synthesized zeolitic imidazole metal-organic framework (CME@ZIF-8 MOF) for increasing silymarin's bioavailability. A coprecipitation technique was used to synthesize the CME@ZIF-8 and polyethylene glycol-coated silymarin-loaded MOFs (PEG-Sily@CME@ZIF-8) and a complete factorial design was used to optimize them. The crystalline size of CME@ZIF-8 was 14.7 nm and the size of PEG-Sily@CME@ZIF-8 was 17.39 nm. The loading percentage of the silymarin drug in CME@ZIF-8 was 33.5%. The optimized formulations were then characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, surface morphology, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and drug release in an in vitro medium. Additionally, a rat model was used to investigate the optimized formulation's in vivo hepatoprotective effectiveness. The synthesized silymarin-loaded CME@ZIF-8 MOFs were distinct particles with a porous, spongelike shape and a diameter of (size) nm. Furthermore, the designed silymarin-loaded PEG-Sily@CME@ZIF-8 MOF formulation exhibited considerable silymarin release from the synthesized formula in dissolution investigations. The in vivo evaluation studies demonstrated that the prepared PEG-Sily@CME@ZIF-8 MOFs effectively exhibited a hepatoprotective effect in comparison with free silymarin in a CCl4-based induced-hepatotoxicity rat model via ameliorating the normal antioxidant enzyme levels and restoring the cellular abnormalities produced by CCl4 toxication. In combination, biologically produced CME@ZIF-8 may promise to be a viable biologically based nanocarrier that can enhance the loading and release of silymarin medication, which has low solubility in water.

Morpho-physiological growth performance and anti-oxidative capabilities of Acacia jacquemontii and Acacia nilotica upon exposure to Co3O4 Nbs in lead-contaminated soil.

Immense crowd of heavy metal in cultivated land is evolving as a global concern as a result of boosted level of soil toxicity. Amongst various metals, Lead (Pb) contamination has become alarming for plant and human heath through ingesting of polluted soils and food crops. To counterfeit this, a nanotechnological neutralizer effective in form of soiling of cobalt oxide Co3O4 Nbs to Acacia jacquemontii and Acacia nilotica with various meditations as 25, 50, 75 and 100 ppm). A Substantial result was observed on growth of plants but premium results were got by applications of cobalt oxide Nbs at 75 ppm. By this means, enhanced root length (39%), fresh weight (32%), shoot length (58%), as well as dry weight (28%) in selected Acacia species compared to control. Chlrophy contents in A. jacquemontii were estimated to be 0.23, 2.73 and 3.19 mg/L with treated with different concentrations of cobalt Nbs while in A. nilotica, the contents were 0.51, 2.93 and 3.12 mg/L respectively on same concentration. The atomic absorption (AAS), antioxidant activity and defendable positive comeback by using Co3O4 Nbs. Hence, the greenly synthesized Co3O4 Nbs counter acts lead toxicity to override and preserving the growth of plant. Such nanotechnological kits can consequently enhance the alternative system to stunned toxicity for distinguish the yield demand end to end with the progress of agronomic management approaches.

Advancing Nanoscale Science: Synthesis and Bioprinting of Zeolitic Imidazole Framework-8 for Enhanced Anti-Infectious Therapeutic Efficacies.

Bacterial infectious disorders are becoming a major health problem for public health. The zeolitic imidazole framework-8 with a novel Cordia myxa extract-based (CME@ZIF-8) nanocomposite showed variable functionality, high porosity, and bacteria-killing activity against Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli strains have been created by using a straightforward approach. The sizes of synthesized zeolitic imidazole framework-8 (ZIF-8) and CME@ZIF-8 were 11.38 nm and 12.44 nm, respectively. Prepared metal organic frameworks have been characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, Fourier transform spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. An antibacterial potential comparison between CME@ZIF-8 and zeolitic imidazole framework-8 has shown that CME@ZIF-8 was 31.3%, 28.57%, 46%, and 47% more efficient than ZIF-8 against Staphylococcus aureus and 43.7%, 42.8%, 35.7%, and 70% more efficient against Escherichia coli, while it was 31.25%, 33.3%, 46%, and 46% more efficient than the commercially available ciprofloxacin drug against Staphylococcus aureus and 43.7%, 42.8%, 35.7%, and 70% more efficient against Escherichia coli, respectively, for 750, 500, 250, and 125 µg mL-1. Minimum inhibitory concentration values of CME@ZIF-8 for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 15.6 and 31.25 µg/mL respectively, while the value of zeolitic imidazole framework-8 alone was 62.5 µg/mL for both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The reactive oxygen species generated by CME@ZIF-8 destroys the bacterial cell and its organelles. Consequently, the CME@ZIF-8 nanocomposites have endless potential applications for treating infectious diseases.

A mendelian randomization study of the causal association between gastroesophageal reflux and atrial fibrillation / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective In this study，we performed two sampie Mendelian Randomization to infer a causal association between Gastroesophageal reflux(GERD) and Atrial fibrillation(AF)，it can effectively avoid the problems such as reverse causation and confounds in traditional epidemiology. Methods We used the Summary data of GERD and AF from published Genome wide association study(GWAS) of European Individuals. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) were extracted as Instrumental Variables (IVs).The main MR methods include Inverse Variance [] Weighted(IVW)，Weighted Median(WME)，MR-Egger，Simple Mode，and Weighted Mode.In addition，we used the sensitivity analysis such as MR-PRESSO，Cochran's Q test etc. Results The IVW shows a causal association between GERD and AF(P<0.0001，OR=1.16，95%CI:1.10-1.23).The WME shows P＜0.0001，OR=1.20，95%CI:1.11-1.30；Simple Mode shows P=0.01，OR=1.34，95%CI:1.07-1.69；Weighted Mode shows P=0.02，OR=1.33，95%CI:1.06-1.66. Conclusion This study based on genetic data supports the causal association between GERD and AF. The occurrence of GERD could increase the risk of AF.

Optimization and establishment of therapeutic model of Bletilla striata polysaccharide on dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in mice / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To establish the optimal treatment model of Bletilla striata polysaccharide （BSP） on dextran sodium sulfate （DSS）-induced ulcerative colitis （UC） in mice. 【Methods】 We randomly divided 48 male C57BL/6 mice into normal control group， DSS model group （25 g/L DSS）， BSP low-， medium- and high-dose groups （25 g/L DSS + 95， 190， 380 mg/kg BSP）， and salazosulfapyridine （SASP） （25 g/L DSS + 320 mg/kg SASP， positive control） group. Mice in the normal control group drank distilled water freely， while the other groups were given 25 g/L DSS solution to drink freely for 7 days. From the second day， the low-， medium- and high-dose BSP groups and SASP （positive control）group were administered by gavage according to body mass. The normal control group and DSS model group were given the same amount of normal saline once a day for 7 consecutive days. The mice’s blood pressure was recorded every day. Mental state， body mass， stool characteristics and bloody stool were used to calculate the mice’s disease activity index （DAI）. The mice were killed on the 9th day， and their colonic tissues were taken for hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining and histopathological scoring. The expression of tight junction protein Claudin-1 in colonic tissues was detected by Western blotting. 【Results】 Compared with the normal control group， the DSS model group had obvious clinical manifestations， histopathological changes and reduced body weight， increased histopathological score and DAI score （P<0.05）， and decreased expression of tight junction protein Claudin-1 in colon tissue （P<0.05）. Compared with those in DSS model group， the clinical manifestations of UC and colonic mucosal injury in low-， medium- and high-dose BSP groups were improved in varying degrees. The high-dose （380 mg/kg） BSP group had the best effect. The degree of body weight reduction， histopathological score and DAI score in this group were significantly lower than those in DSS model group （P<0.05）， whereas the expression of Claudin-1 increased significantly （P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 When BSP was administered by gavage at 380 mg/kg， the therapeutic effect on UC mice induced by 25 g/L DSS was the best. This model can be used as an effective one for further studies on Striata Bletilla polysaccharide in UC mice.

One case of Mycoplasma hominis-related intracranial infection after craniocerebral injury / 中华检验医学杂志

The patient, a 50-year-old male, was admitted to the hospital on April 1, 2020 with the chief complaint of "confusion with vomiting for 1 hour due to falling from height ", and the emergency craniotomy was performed. Intermittent fever with a maximum temperature of 38 ℃ occurred 3 days after the surgery, and the inflammation indexes were all higher than the upper limit of the reference values. Recurrent fever remained despite after empirical anti-infection treatment. On April 12, the patient was treated with vancomycin combined with meropenem after cerebrospinal fluid specimens routine and biochemical tests suggested intracranial infection. After 48 hours of cultivating the cerebrospinal fluid and blood specimens, some small, clear, needle-like colonies were found and they were identified as Mycoplasma humanum by using 16S rRNA gene. Eventually, the patient died due to the severity of the disease and complications.

Clinical significance of serum homocysteine on peripheral vascular plaque in type 2 diabetes mellitus with subclinical hypothyroidism / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of homocysteine (Hcy) on peripheral vascular plaque formation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combine subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), and to provide guidance for clinical medication and prognosis judgement.Methods:A total of 125 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the NO.3201 Hospital from 2018 Jan to Dec 2019 were selected. 125 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into T2DM without plaque group (40 cases), plaque group (23 cases), T2DM with SCH without plaque group (25 cases) and plaque group (37 cases) according to thyroid function and whether they had peripheral vascular plaque. Data were collected to analyze the influencing factors of peripheral vascular disease.Results:(1) The incidence of vascular plaque in T2DM group and T2DM with SCH group was 36.5%(23/63) and 59.7%(37/62), respectively, with significant difference ( P<0.05). (2) There were significant differences in serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), apolipoprotein A (ApoA), triglyceride (TG) and Hcy between T2DM group and T2DM with SCH group ( P<0.05); there was significant difference in low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and Hcy between T2DM groups with or without plaque ( P<0.05); there were significant differences in ApoA and Hcy between T2DM with SCH group with or without plaque ( P<0.05). (3) Logistic regression analysis showed that Hcy was the risk factors for the occurrence of vascular plaque in T2DM and T2DM with SCH group ( OR=1.640, 2.695, P<0.05). (4) Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under the curve of Hcy in T2DM group was 0.842 and Youden index was 15.75 μmol/L; The Hcy's area under ROC curve was 0.945 and Youden index was 12.9 μmol/L in T2DM with SCH. Conclusions:Hcy is closely related to the presence of peripheral vascular plaque in T2DM patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. The detection of blood Hcy level can provide new ideas for early diagnosis and treatment of peripheral vascular lesions in T2DM patients with SCH.

Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and carotid atherosclerosis in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection and carotid atherosclerosis(CAS)in the elderly, in order to provide an empirical basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the elderly.Methods:A total of 287 patients aged 60 years and over admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, who underwent the 13C-urea breath test( 13C-UBT), carotid color and two-dimensional Doppler ultrasonography from October 2015 to January 2019, were retrospectively enrolled.Patients were divided into the Hp infection group(n=137)and the non-Hp infection group(n=150). Common high-risk pathogenic factors, blood biochemical indicators, carotid intima-media thickness(IMT)and detection rate of carotid plaque were compared between the two groups. Results:Common high-risk pathogenic factors including age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia showed no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)was lower in the Hp infection group than in the non-Hp infection group( P<0.05). There was no difference in levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), homocysteine, fasting blood glucose, creatinine or uric acid between the two groups( P>0.05). The detection rates of increased carotid IMT and carotid plaques were higher in the Hp infection group than in the non-Hp infection group(65.0% or 89 cases vs.48.7% or 73 cases, 76.6% or 105 cases vs.64.7% or 97 cases, P<0.01 and 0.05). The detection rate of carotid plaques in the Hp-infected group was higher than that in the non-Hp-infected group( P<0.05). The combined detection rate of increased carotid IMT and plaques was higher in the Hp infection group than in the non-Hp infection group(56.2% or 77cases vs.32.7% or 49 cases, P<0.01). Conclusions:Hp infection may play a role in the occurrence and progression of carotid atherosclerosis through initiating abnormal lipid metabolism.Early intervention and treatment may reduce the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with Hp infection.

Clinical observation on gastroesophageal reflux asthma treated with needling technique / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical effect on gastroesophageal reflux asthma between the needling technique of acupuncture (acupuncture for promoting the circulation of the governor vessel and reducing the reversed ) and omeprazole enteric capsules (OME).@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with gastroesophageal reflux asthma were randomized into an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 30 cases in each one. The basic treatment for anti-bronchial asthma was provided in both of the groups. Additionally, OME was prescribed for oral administration in the western medication group, twice a day, 20 mg each time, for 8 weeks. In the acupuncture group, the needling technique of acupuncture was added. The needles were inserted at the sites inferior to the spinous processes of T to T. Acupuncture was given once in the morning on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday respectively, totally for 8 weeks. Separately, before and after treatment, the score of reflux disease diagnostic questionnaire (RDQ), the score of asthma control test (ACT) and the tenderness threshold at the sites inferior to the spinous processes of T to T were observed and the clinical effect was evaluated in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#①The remarkably effective and curative rate was 46.7% (14/30) in the acupuncture group, higher than 3.3% (1/30) in the western medication group (<0.01). The asthma control rate was 66.7% (20/30) in the acupuncture group, higher than 13.3% (4/30) in the western medication group (<0.01). ②RDQ score after treatment was lower than that before treatment in either group (<0.05). The decrease range of RDQ score in the acupuncture group was larger than that of the western medication group (<0.05). After treatment, ACT score was increased as compared with that before treatment in either group (<0.05) and the increase range of ACT score in the acupuncture group was larger than that of the western medication group (<0.05). ③The tenderness thresholds at the sites inferior to the spinous processes of T to T and T to T were all increased after treatment as compared with those before treatment in the acupuncture group separately (<0.05). In the western medication group, the thresholds were only increased at the sites inferior to the spinous processes of T, T and T after treatment as compared with those before treatment separately (<0.05). After treatment, the tenderness thresholds at T to T in the acupuncture group were all higher than the western medication group (<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The needling technique of acupuncture effectively relieves the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux asthma and improves the quality of life in the patients and its effect is better than omeprazole enteric capsules.

Professor 's concept and experience in the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease / 中国针灸

In view of the five major misunderstandings in the clinical understanding of gastroesophageal reflux disease in traditional Chinese medicine, that is, wrong main symptoms, wrong position of the disease, wrong character of the disease, treating acid with acid, and attaching importance to drugs and neglecting acupuncture-moxibustion in treatment, Professor has proposed the corresponding solving strategies, which includes grasping the main disease, carefully examining the disease position, distinguishing the character of disease, and no acid suppression for acid regurgitation. In addition, Professor highly values the external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine. In particular, the acupuncture therapy of " (promote the circulation of the governor vessel and reduce the reversed )" based on many years of clinical experience provides new ideas and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in traditional Chinese medicine.

Analysis of Related Factors of Adverse Transfusion Reactions / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the related factors of adverse reactions of blood transfusion, and clinical precautions so as to reduce the adverse reactions.@*METHODS@#Data of 2108 patients with allogeneic transfusion in our hospital from January 2017 to June 2017 collected and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#These patients received 15 244 time of blood transfusion, and 213 time of adverse reactions occurred in 178 patients in totality, the incidence is 1.4%, and there was no significant difference between the male (1.31%) and female (1.53%). The main type of transfusion reaction were allergy (73.23%), FNHTR (11.74%) and TACO (10.80%). Among all kinds of blood components, the incidence of adverse reactions of apheresis platelet transfusion was the highest (4.31%), significantly higher than that of cryoprecipitate and other blood components. The incidence rate of adverse reactions of blood transfusion in the hematopathy patients was 2.56%, significantly higher than that of immune diseases (1.48%), cancer diseases (1.28%) and other diseases (1.08%), (P＜0.01). The rate of transfusion history of apheresis platelets was 42.67% (the incidence of adverse reactions was 4.31%), significantly higher than other groups (P＜0.01); the rate of transfusion history of cryoprecipitate was 4.11% (the incidence of adverse reaction was 0.45%), significantly lower than other groups (P＜0.05). Among the disease types, the rate of transfusion history in the hematopathy patients was 48.79% (the incidence of adverse reaction was 2.56%), significantly higher than that of other groups (P＜0.01). The incidence of drug allergy in patients with the adverse reactions to blood transfusion was 11.25%, significantly higher than that of patients without adverse reactions (4.71%) (P＜0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The main risk factors of adverse reactions of blood transfusion are as follows: blood varieties, disease type, transfusion history and drug allergy history. For the patients with transfusion, multiple factors should be controlled, so as to reduce the adverse reactions.

Clinical Characteristics and Mutation Landscape of Chinese Mucosal Melanoma / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】 To use next generation sequencing （NGS） for examing 295 gene mutations in Chinese mucosal melanoma，and explore the mutation landscape of Chinese mucosal melanoma for potential therapeutic targets. 【Methods】The specimens were from 25 mucosal melanoma patients from September 2017 to September 2018 in Biotherapy Center，Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Mutations of 295 genes were detected by NGS sequencing in the Department of Molecular Diagnostics in our hospital. 【Results】 The mutation frequency of major driver genes of melanoma was：BRAF 20%（5/25），KIT 20%（5/25），NRAS 12%（3/25），and NF1 8%（2/25），respectively. The most common mutation was an increase copy number in MYC（9/25，36%），followed by an increase in KDR copy number，24%（6/25）. DNA damage repair，cell cycle，PI3K-mTOR，growth factor receptor，MAPK，immune response and WNT/NOTCH related pathways were widely mutated. Mutation rates were 76%（19/25），72%（18/25），56%（14/25），60%（15/25），36%（9/25），28%（7/25），and 24%（6/25），respectively. Multiple therapeutic targets were observed，such as ATM，ATRX，EMSY， FANCI，RAD52，MET，PDGFRA，KDR，FLT4，ALK，ERBB3 and ROS1.【Conclusion】Gene mutations in Chinese mucosal melanoma were different from that of Chinese cutaneous melanoma and that of Caucasians. NGS could provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of Chinese mucosal melanoma.

Cabozantinib Combined with Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Produced Antitumor Effect on Mice Melanoma Xenograft and its Mechanism / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of cabozantinib combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody on the growth of subcutaneous transplanted malignant melanoma in mice.【Methods】Established mouse subcutaneous xenograft model using mouse melanoma cell line B16- F10，and then randomly divided into five groups：saline control group，vehicle control group，anti PD- L1 antibody group，cabozantinib group，cabozantinib in combined with anti- PD- L1 antibody group （combination group）. Tumor growth was observed and tumor volume was measured every 2 days. The research endpoint was defined as when the tumor volume reached 2 000 mm3 or the difference between the groups was statistically significant. Then the mice were sacrificed and tissue samples were taken at the endpoint of the study. Infiltrating immune cells including CD4 + ，CD8 + T lymphocytes and myelogenous suppressor cells （MDSC）were detected by flow cytometry. In addition，B16-F10 cells cultured in vitro were treated with different drugs， the apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry ，and the protein expressions of AKT ，p-AKT ，mTOR and p-mTOR were detected by western blot assay.【Results】B16- F10 melanoma xenograft model showed that anti- PD- L1 antibody group had no obvious antitumor effect ，while both cabozantinib group and combination group produced significant antitumor effect，and the combination group had more obvious antitumor effect compared to cabozantinib group（P=0.001 5）. B16- F10 cells were treated with different drugs in vitro，and the apoptosis rate of the combination group was significantly higher than that of cabozantinib group at 24 h and 48 h，respectively（24 h:P=0.003 5；48 h:P=0.002 9）. Western blot assay showed that the combination group and cabozantinib group had no significant effect on the protein expression of AKT and mTOR，but both could reduce their phosphorylation levels，and the combination group was more remarkable. 【Conclusion】Cabozantinib in combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody had synergistic anti-tumor effect，which might be achieved by promoting B16-F10 cells apoptosis and inhibiting of AKT/mTOR pathway.

Combination of R848 and Poly（I:C）promotes antigen presentation by DC and enhances killing effect of CTL on lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To investigate the effect of R848(a Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist)combined with poly-inosinic:polycytidylic acid [Poly(I:C),a Toll-like receptor 3 agonist] on dendritic cell(DC)maturation,and the killing effect of DC-induced cytotoxic T-lymphocytes(CTL)on human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.METHODS:Mononu-clear cells were isolated from human peripheral blood and induced to differentiate into DC.The whole-cell lysate of A549 cells,namely tumor cell lysate(TCL), was used as antigen.R848 combined with Poly(I:C)was used as adjuvant to stimulate the DC.DC surface markers were analyzed by flow cytometry.The DC stimulated by antigen was co-cultured with T-lymphocytes for 7 d to induce CTL.The culture supernatant and CTL were collected.The levels of interleukin-12(IL-12)p70,interferon-γ(IFN-γ)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the supernatant were measured by ELISA.The CTL and A549 cells were co-cultured for 16 h,and the cytotoxicity was observed by LDH assay.RESULTS:The expres-sion of CD83 and CD80 on the DC surface,and the secretion of IL-12 p70 in DC-R848+Poly(I:C)group were significant-ly increased compared with DC-TCL group(P<0.01).In addition,the cytotoxicity of CTL for A549 cells in DC-R848+Poly(I:C)group was significantly enhanced compared with DC-TCL group(P<0.01).The secretion levels of IFN-γand TNF-αin DC-R848+Poly(I:C)group were significantly elevated compared with DC-TCL group(P<0.01).CONCLU-SION:R848 combined with Poly(I:C)significantly promotes DC maturation and activation, and enhances the antigen-presenting effect of DC and the cytotoxicity of DC-induced CTL.

The effectiveness of attachment on global pain in chronic pain sufferers: the mediating effect of pain self-efficacy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To identify global pain and attachment in chronic pain sufferers, and explore the mediating effect of pain self-efficacy. Methods There were 193 patients recruited from Pain Department in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between February 2017 and June 2017. The Global Pain Scale, Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire-Revised and Chronic Pain Self-efficacy Scale were used to collect data. Results The score of global pain, attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety were(79.55±15.82),(2.98±0.81)and(3.22±0.89)points respectively.52.8%(102/193) participants were secure attachment.Mediating effect analyses revealed that self-efficacy exerted a partial mediating effect between global pain and attachment, with the mediating effect of 33.3% in total effect. Conclusions Health professionals should improve the self-efficacy in the management of chronic pain, especially in those with strong relationship needs,promote the positive pain adjustment,and improve the quality of life.

Association between copy number variations and risk of overweight/obesity among Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association between the prevalence of overweight/obesity and copy number variations (CNVs) among Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children in Xinjiang, China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The kindergartens in Ili, Altay, and Karamay in Xinjiang were selected as research sites, and stratified cluster sampling was used to select the children aged 3-7 years. Body height and body weight were measured, and exfoliated buccal mucosa cells were collected. CNVplex® was used to measure the CNVs of FTO_1, IRX3_1, IRX3_2, MC4R_1, and MC4R_2.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 603 children were surveyed (307 boys and 296 girls). There were 261 Han children, 194 Uyghur children, and 148 Kazak children. The overweight/obesity rates in Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children were 28.3%, 10.3%, and 31.1%, respectively (P<0.001). In Kazak children, the CNVs of IRX3_1 and MC4R_2 were associated with overweight/obesity (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of overweight/obesity in Han and Kazak children was 3.443 times (95%CI: 2.016-5.880) and 3.924 times (95%CI: 2.199-7.001), respectively, that in Uyghur children. The CNV of IRX3_1 was a risk factor for overweight/obesity (P=0.028, OR=2.251, 95%CI: 1.418-5.651).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The CNV of IRX3_1 is associated with overweight/obesity in Han, Uyghur, and Kazak children, and the association between the CNV of IRX3_1 and overweight/obesity in Kazak children should be taken seriously.</p>

Curcumin-loaded Amphiphilic Star-Shaped Polyester-Based Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery System by Microchannels / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To prepare the curcumin-loaded amphiphilic star-shaped polyester nanoparticles(Cur-NPs) and evaluate its physicochemical property, toxicity and release behavior in vitro. METHODS: Poly(pentaerythrotol)-poly (ε-Caprolactone)(abbreviated as PET-PCL), a new amphiphilic star-shaped poly ester material, as drug carrier was successfully synthesized by ring-opening polymerization. The toxicity of PET-PCL was determined by MTT method. Drug-loading nanoparticles were prepared by microchannel interface precipitation, and the optimal prescription was screened by single factor experiment. The particle size and the particle dispersion index was measured by dynamic light scattering(DLS) techniques. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading content were determined by UV spectrophotometry. The in vitro release behavior was investigated by dynamic dialysis. RESULTS: The optimal preparation for nanoparticles was listed as followswater flow rate was 0.5 mL·min-1, lipid phase flow rate was 0.5 mL·min-1, aqueous phase concentration was 1 mg·mL-1, lipid phase concentration was 6.0 mg·mL-1, and drug concentration was 0.6 mg·mL-1. The particle size was (180.3±4.05) nm, the Zeta potential was (-12.1±1.04)mV; drug encapsulation efficiency was (90.12±0.824)%; drug loading content was (4.40±0.080)%; the amount of cumulated drug released in 96 h was (72.89±3.001)%. Survival rate of L929 cells with PET-PCL were (81.05±1.223)%. CONCLUSION: The curcumin-loaded amphiphilic star-shaped polyester nanoparticles prepared by this method are simple and feasible, and have a better controlled release property, have potential application value in the field of drug delivery.

[Rapid detection of alpha-globin gene αααanti-3.7 triplets with droplet digital PCR].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a rapid method for detection of alpha-globin gene αααanti-3.7 based on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) technique. METHODS: The differential sequence between the X1 and Y1 box of α1 gene was selected as the amplicon of the target gene with ß-actin as the reference gene. The specific primers and TaqMan probes were designed, and then a quantitative method for detecting the copy number was established based on ddPCR technique. The sensitivity and accuracy of the method were evaluated by detecting 28 samples of known genotypes and 60 clinical samples. RESULTS: The ddPCR-based method accurately identified the genotypes of all the 28 samples with known genotypes and detected 5 cases of αα/αααanti-3.7 from the 60 clinical samples, and the results were verified by MLPA. The sensitivity and accuracy of this method were both 100% for detecting alpha-globin gene αααanti-3.7. CONCLUSION: This ddPCR-based method for detecting αααanti-3.7 triplet can be applied for population screening and in routine clinical molecular diagnosis with simple operation, rapid analysis and accurate results.