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Objective: To study the influence of Xinmailong injection (XML) on the isolated thoracic aorta of rats in different states.Methods: A cumulative dosing method was utilized to evaluate the influence of XML on the isolated thoracic aorta of rats in resting state, and KCl or noradrenaline (NA) induced contracted state.Different tool drugs were used to analyze the mechanism of the effects.Results: Compared with the control group, a specific concentration range of XML could excite the isolated thoracic aorta in resting state, further increase the vascular tension after KCl action, while decrease the vascular tension after NA action.The vasodilative effect of XML on blood vessel after NA action was inhibited by propranolol and diclofenac, while showed no influence from Nω-Nitro-L-arginine.Conclusion: XML has different effects on the isolated thoracic aorta of rats in different states, and the mechanisms of the effects are related to calcium channel, β-receptor and prostaglandins.
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Objective To investigate the CYP2C18,VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotype distribution situation and the correlation between their polymorphism with warfarin stable dose.Methods A total of 176 Yungui plateau Han patients with continuously warfarin anticoagulation therapy after valve replacement in this hospital from January 2011 to January 2014 served as the research subjects.The venous blood was collected for detecting genotypes at various loci.The genotype and allele frequency distribution were analyzed,and the correlation between the gene polymorphism with warfarin stable dose was analyzed.Results The genotypes and allele frequencies at various loci conformed to the Hardy-Winberg genetic balance (P＞0.05).The polymorphisms of CYP2C18 (rs7896133),VKORC1 (rs9923231),CYP2C9(rs1057910) and CYP2C9(rs4086116) gene loci were correlated with warfarin stable dose (P＞0.05).Conclusion The gene polymorphism of CYP2C18(rs7896133),VKORC1 (rs9923231),CYP2C9(rs1057910) and CYP2C9(rs4086116) in Yungui plateau H an patients may be the influence factors which contribute to warfarin stable dose personalized difference.
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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects and safety of Bencycloquidium bromide nasal spray in the treatment of acute rhinitis after a cold. METHODS:A multicenter,dose parallel controlled,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled clinical tri-al was conducted. Two hundred and thirty-eight patients with acute rhinitis after a cold were selected and divided into group A(24 cases),B(24 cases),C(24 cases),D(24 cases),E(23 cases),F(24 cases),G(23 cases),H(24 cases),I(24 cases),J (24 cases). Group A-C were given Bencycloquidium bromide nasal spray 22.5μg,45μg,90μg,respectively,bid,spraying it once for each nostril. Group D-F were given Bencycloquidium bromide nasal spray 22.5 μg,45 μg,90 μg,respectively,tid,spraying it once for each nostril. Group G-I were given Bencycloquidium bromide nasal spray 22.5 μg,45 μg,90 μg,respectively,qid,spray-ing it once for each nostril. Group J was given placebo. All groups were treated for(4±1)d. Rhinorrhea score and continuous rhi-norrhea duration were compared among 10 groups,and the safety was evaluated. RESULTS:The rhinorrhea score and continuous rhinorrhea duration of 10 groups were improved significantly,with statistical significance (P0.05). There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR among 10 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Bencycloquidium bromide nasal spray with 90 μg,qid times significantly improves rhinorrhea score and continuous rhinorrhea duration with good safety.
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Objective To survey and analyze the factors that may affect the results of human-ities education about master degree postgraduates, and provide the basis and reference for traditional medical humanities education reform. Methods By using the self-made questionnalre, a survey was conducted among 100 medical postgraduates of a university. Questionnalre items included basic infor-mation of the postgraduates, humanities-related extracurricular experiences, whether there had been personal experiences corresponding to these options or these experiences affected the attitude of hu-manistic education options. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software and the results were expressed by the relative number. The differences between different gender, marriage and differ-ent specialty student satisfaction were analyzed by using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, showing no statistical significance (P>0.05). Results Respondents believed that the highest rate of the top four which supported the experiences that promoted humanistic education were clinic volunteer activi-ties, interpersonal harmony, rescuing the patient experiences and illness experiences, accounting for 95.8%(91/95), 92.6%(88/95), 89.5%(85/95) and 88.4%(84/95), respectively. On the other hand, the highest rate of the top four that impeded humanities education-related experiences were academic stress, workload, limited communication and lack of humane care, accounting for 100.0% (95/95), 95.8%(91/95), 91.6% (87/95) and 84.2% (80/95) respectively. In addition, different types of students' attitude towards experiences that may have impact on the humanistic education were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion Humanities education in medical colleges should not be limited to classroom instruction form. We should broaden humanistic education approach, flexible assessment methods of humanities, to enhance the effect of humanities education.
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Objective To investigate the gamma glutamine carboxylase (GGCX ,rs6738645) genotype distribution in Chinese Han population and the correlation between GGCX (rs6738645) polymorphism and the warfarin stable dose in the patient after valve replacement .Methods The genotypes of 228 cases were detected by the Snapshot technology in order to explore the genotype and allele frequencies .The correlation between the gene polymorphism in 176 cases after valve replacement and the stable dose of warfa-rin was compared .Results In total of 228 research subjects ,the number of TT ,GT and GG genotype were 84(36 .84% ) ,122 (53 .51% ) and 22(9 .65% ) .The frequencies of T and G allele were 63 .60% and 36 .40% respectively ;in 176 patients after the valve replacement ,the maintenance stable dose of warfarin was lower in GG group than in the TT and GT groups ,the differences between the groups showed statistical significance (P0 .05) .Conclusion The GGCX(rs6738645) polymorphism in Chinese Han population may be the influencing factor of warfarin individual dose difference in the patients after valve replacement .
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Objective To investigate the reasonable anticoagulant therapy for patients over sixty five years old in Yunnan-Guizhou plateau after heart biological valve replacement , and study the standard of reasonable anticoagulant therapy. Methods We collected the recent cases by retrospective way . Low-intensity anticoagulation standard INR (1.5~2.5) was used on 130 patients over sixty five years old. The warfarin dose and anticoagulation INR values in different surgery operation were compared when the patients reached the stable anticoagulation status. The frequency of INR values and warfarin dosage were studied. The differences between the patients with high risk factors and the ordinary patients without the high risk factors in INR values and warfarin dosage were investigated. Results The INR values and warfarin doses showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) in different operation groups when they reached stable anticoagulation status. The INR values was 1.94 ± 0.50 and the daily warfarin dose was (2.45 ± 0.82)mg/d. No significant differences in INR values and warfarin doses were found between the high-risk group and the general group (P>0.05) in steady-state. During follow-up, both the incidence rate of thrombosis and general bleeding were 0.77%. Conclusion The precent study showed that the low-intensity anticoagulation INR values (1.5~2.5) can be the standard of reasonable anticoagulation in Yunnan-Guizhou plateau after heart biological valve replacement with satisfactory anticoagulant effect.
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Objective To establish a rapid, sensitive and selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of acyclovir (the metabolite of valacyclovir hydrochloride) in human plasma. Methods After addition of ganciclovir as internal standard (IS), plasma samples were prepared by one-step protein precipitation using acetonitrile as precipitant, followed by an isocratic elution with 0.1% formic acid 3.5μm) column. Detection was performed on a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer utilizing electrospray ionization (ESI) interface operating in positive ion and selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode with the precursor to product ion transitions m/z 226.2→152.1 for acyclovir and m/z 256.2→152.1 for the IS. Results The analytical results demonstrated a good linearity over the ranges from 0.005 to 4μg/mL (r=0.9999) for valacyclovir hydrochloride. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of intra-batch and inter-batch were less than 4.06% and 9.23%, respectively. The limit of detection and lower limit of quantification in human plasma were 2ng/mL and 5ng/mL, respectively. Conclusion The method was simple, sensitive, accurate and reproducible and has been successfully applied to a bioequivalence study of valacyclovir hydrochloride capsules in Chinese healthy male volunteers.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy of levoamlodipine besylate combined with piracetam for vascular dementia(VD).METHODS:66 patients with VD were enrolled:33(treatment group) were assigned to receive Levoamlodipine besylate 2.5～5 mg q.d plus piracetam 0.8 g tid for 3 months,and another 33(control group) to receive piracetam 0.8 g tid plus basic treatment based on patients' blood glucose,blood pressure and blood lipid levels.The patients were given 3-month follow-up.Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL),Hasegawa Dementia Scale(HDS) and Wechsler Memory Scale(WMS) were used to evaluate the patient's cognitional function and mental state before and after treatment.RESULTS:MMSE,ADL,HDS,and WMS scores after treatment were(22.48?3.25),(25.16?8.96),(23.14?2.91),(71.14?19.01),respectively in treatment group versus(20.56?3.18),(29.74?13.01),(20.41?6.25),(60.35?20.60),respectively in control group.The treatment had a better improvement in symptoms than control group did and there was statistical difference between groups(P
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From August, 1984 to February, 1985, We kept a synchronous observation of 92mothers and their babies on the relationship of iron status between them. The 92 pregnantwomen, of whom the gestational periods were not longer than 36 weeks, were divided rando-mly into wo groups: a medication group and a control group. For all, Hb, Hct, FEPand SF were tested. In the 4th week after labor, Hb, Hct and SF of the mothers ofthe medication group were higher than that of the control group (P
