RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Personal protective equipment (PPE) is used by health care workers to protect themselves and patients from various exposures such as infectious agents. However, the wearing of this equipment is not always optimal, especially in an epidemic context of COVID-19 transmission. AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study, in the specific context of COVID-19, is to contribute to the improvement of PPE wearing practices by health workers. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2020 at the Charles De Gaulle Pediatric University Hospital in Burkina Faso. All health workers in the care units and the laboratory were included. Data were collected using an observation grid during the first situation indicating the wearing of PPE. The assessment of the indications for wearing PPE was based on the recommendations of the French Society of Hospital Hygiene and on the technical guide for the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections in Burkina Faso. RESULTS: Out of 350 targeted agents, 296 were observed. Gowns, masks and gloves were worn in 95.60%, 96.58% and 97.63% of cases respectively. However, PPE such as goggles (1.56%), apron (11.54%), and tunic and pants (46.28%) were poorly used during medical care. CONCLUSION: The practices of health workers with regard to the wearing of certain PPE are still insufficient. A training and awareness program on PPE should be considered to improve patient and staff safety.
Introduction: Les équipements de protection individuelle (EPI) sont utilisés par le personnel de santé dans le cadre des soins pour se protéger et protéger les patients contre les expositions diverses telles que les agents infectieux. Toutefois, le port de ces équipements n'est pas toujours optimal, surtout dans un contexte épidémique de transmission de la COVID-19. But de l'étude: La présente étude vise, dans le contexte spécifique de la COVID-19, à contribuer à l'amélioration des pratiques de port des EPI des agents de santé. Méthodes: Il s'agit d'une étude transversale descriptive conduite en 2020 au centre hospitalier universitaire pédiatrique Charles-de-Gaulle du Burkina Faso. Tous les agents de santé des unités de soins et du laboratoire ont été inclus. Les données ont été recueillies au moyen d'une grille d'observation lors de la première situation indiquant le port d'un EPI. L'appréciation des indications de port des EPI s'est basée sur les recommandations de la Société française d'hygiène hospitalière et sur le Guide technique de prévention et contrôle des infections associées aux soins au Burkina Faso. Résultats: Sur 350 agents ciblés, 296 ont été observés. Le port de la blouse, du masque et des gants était observé respectivement dans 95,60 %, 96,58 % et 97,63 % des cas. Cependant, les EPI tels que les lunettes de protection (1,56 %), le tablier (11,54 %) et la tenue professionnelle composée d'une tunique et d'un pantalon (46,28 %) étaient faiblement utilisés lors des soins médicaux. Conclusion: Les pratiques des agents de santé vis-à-vis du port de certains EPI restent insuffisantes. Un programme de formation et de sensibilisation sur les EPI doit être envisagé afin de renforcer la sécurité des patients et du personnel.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Humanos , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Burkina Faso , Equipamento de Proteção Individual , Pessoal de Saúde , HospitaisRESUMO
The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological and microbiological characteristics and outcome of children with septicemia at the Charles de Gaulle University Pediatric Hospital of Ouagadougou to help improve probabilistic antibiotic therapy in this type of infection. This retrospective descriptive study covered all the children from 0 to 15 years old seen over a period of 7 years in any hospital department with suspected bacteriemia and for whom the bacteriology laboratory performed a blood culture. During the study period, the laboratory received 842 requests for blood cultures and found 154 (18.3%) of them to be positive. Files for 81 of the 154 patients could be found and examined. The distribution according to age showed septicemia was most frequent among those aged 6-15 years (61.7% of the cases). Microbial identification showed the dominant species to be Salmonella enterica (serovars paratyphi and typhi) (58%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (12.3%). The salmonella isolates had a high rate of resistance to amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole. Staphylococci were always sensitive to the antibiotics with which they were tested, although to a lesser extent for penicillin G. All patients routinely received antibiotic treatment, and 81.5% (n=66) were cured (5 children died and 10 left the hospital against medical advice). This study shows that the bacterial epidemiology of septicemia in our setting is dominated by salmonella. Trends in bacterial resistance to antibiotics showed that common antibiotics such as amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole are no longer acceptable as probabilist therapy here. They should be replaced in this type of infection by injectable third generation cephalosporin alone or combined with aminoglycosides.
