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Am J Infect Control ; 52(6): 712-718, 2024 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38181901

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, health service practices underwent significant changes, impacting the occurrence of health care-associated infections (HAIs). This study presents the epidemiology of bacterial infections and compares clinical data on nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients before and during the pandemic. METHODS: A unicentric, observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted with descriptive analyses on the microorganism identification and resistance profile. Patient's clinical data who had hospital-acquired infection (HAI), during their hospitalization in a tertiary hospital before and during the COVID-19 pandemic was compared by descriptive and inferential analyses. RESULTS: A total of 1,581 bacteria were isolated from 1,183 hospitalized patients. Among patients coinfected with COVID-19, there was a statistically significant increase in HAI-related deaths (P < .001) and HAI caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (P < .001), mainly by Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. A higher odds ratio of HAI-related deaths compared to the prepandemic period was observed (odds ratio 6.98 [95% confidence interval 3.97-12.64]). CONCLUSIONS: The higher incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and increased deaths due to HAI, especially in patients with COVID-19 coinfection, might be related to various factors such as increased workload, broad-spectrum antibiotic use, and limited resources. The pandemic has changed the profile of circulating bacteria and antimicrobial resistance. Prevention strategies should be considered to reduce the impact of these infections.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Infecção Hospitalar , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Centros de Atenção Terciária/estatística & dados numéricos , Masculino , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/classificação , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Pandemias , Estudos de Coortes , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos
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