Application of low dose radiation therapy in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

With the global pandemic of COVID-19, cytokine storms in critical patients with pneumonia is really a problem and need to be solved immediately.Low dose radiation therapy (LDRT) has been temporarily used to treat pneumonia.In the past decades, researchers were dedicated to clarify the biological mechanism of LDRT.LDRT plays a unique role in the suppression of inflammation, preliminary outcomes have been acquired in critical patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, and radiotherapy community is paying attention to this treatment strategy.This review summarizes the application of LDRT in pneumonia, its biological mechanism, the result of LDRT in COVID-19 pneumonia, the existing problems and prospective in clinic.

Effects of bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation on the recovery of nerve function after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective@#To determine the effect of transplanting bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Nogo-A around the ischemic foci after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, and to study any role of BMMCs in nerve function recovery.@*Methods@#BMMCs were isolated from the bone marrow of Sprague-Dawley rats. Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion was performed using a nylon thread to occlude the right middle cerebral artery for 2h followed by 24h of reperfusion. The qualified models were selected according to the Longa scale. The 48 models selected were randomly divided into a model group and an observation group, each of 24. Each group was further divided into 7d, 14d and 21d subgroups. 100μl of BMMCs (5×106 /ml) were slowly injected into the ischemic lateral striata of the observation group. The rats in the model group were similarly injected, but with buffered saline solution. The rats were evaluated using the Longa scale after 7d, 14d and 21d. The rats were then sacrificed and the brain was resected. Immunohistochemical assays quantified the expression of GFAP and Nogo-A around the ischemic foci.@*Results@#Compared with the model group, the rats in the observation group showed less neurological deficit on the 21st day, significantly greater expression of GFAP and significantly less Nogo-A expression on days 14 and 21. Nogo-A expression on the 21st day was also significantly lower than on the 14th day in the observation group.@*Conclusion@#BMMC transplantation can promote recovery from nerve damage after focal cerebral ischemia, which is probably related to enhanced expression of GFAP and restrained expression of Nogo-A in the brain tissues surrounding ischemic lesions.

Effects of bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation on the recovery of nerve function after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To determine the effect of transplanting bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) on the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Nogo-A around the ischemic foci after focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, and to study any role of BMMCs in nerve function recovery.Methods:BMMCs were isolated from the bone marrow of Sprague-Dawley rats. Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion was performed using a nylon thread to occlude the right middle cerebral artery for 2h followed by 24h of reperfusion. The qualified models were selected according to the Longa scale. The 48 models selected were randomly divided into a model group and an observation group, each of 24. Each group was further divided into 7d, 14d and 21d subgroups. 100μl of BMMCs (5×10 6 /ml) were slowly injected into the ischemic lateral striata of the observation group. The rats in the model group were similarly injected, but with buffered saline solution. The rats were evaluated using the Longa scale after 7d, 14d and 21d. The rats were then sacrificed and the brain was resected. Immunohistochemical assays quantified the expression of GFAP and Nogo-A around the ischemic foci. Results:Compared with the model group, the rats in the observation group showed less neurological deficit on the 21st day, significantly greater expression of GFAP and significantly less Nogo-A expression on days 14 and 21. Nogo-A expression on the 21st day was also significantly lower than on the 14th day in the observation group.Conclusion:BMMC transplantation can promote recovery from nerve damage after focal cerebral ischemia, which is probably related to enhanced expression of GFAP and restrained expression of Nogo-A in the brain tissues surrounding ischemic lesions.

Clinical features of anti-γ-aminobutyric acid B receptor encephalitis / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics,imaging manifestations and prognoses of anti-GABAB receptor antibodies encephalitis.Methods The clinical manifestations,laboratory findings and radiological data of 13 patients with anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis,admitted to our hospital from September 2015 to March 2017,were retrospectively analyzed.Modified Rankin scale (mRs) was performed to evaluate the prognoses (good prognosis:mRs scores ＜ 2;poor prognosis mRs scores≥3).Results These 13 patients had an average age of 58 years (ranged 49-76 years) with a male to female ratio of 12:1.The major clinical features,including epileptic seizure,were found in 12 patients,psychiatric symptoms in 11 patients,cognitive disorder in 7 patients,and disturbance of consciousness in 4 patients.Brain MR imaging showed abnormal signal in 5 patients:4 were located in the hippocampus and amygdaloid,and one in the pons and left temporal lobe.Five patients showed abnormalities in PET-CT,including 4 with temporal hypermetabolism and 1 with cortical hypometabolism.Chest CT showed lung occupying lesions in 4 patients,of which 2 patients were diagnosed as having small cell lung cancer (SCLC) by pathological examination.Ten patients received immunomodulatory therapy,and three were with supportive care.After the average of 8 months of follow-up,7 patients had good prognosis,5 patients had poor prognosis and one patient lost of follow up.Conclusions Anti-GABAB receptor encephalitis frequently occurs in elderly male subjects and the main characteristic includes prominent refractory epilepsy and shows neurological improvement on immunotherapy.It can accompany by SCLC and have a relatively poor prognosis.

Advances in research on relation of ubiquitin-proteasome pathway to malignancy / 中国癌症杂志

Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is an important mechanism regulating many processes of cellular biology,and also a potential target for abnormal regulation associated with malignancy. This pathway may up-regulate or down-regulate the expression of some tumor-inhibitory genes, transcriptional factors and cyclins,and alter the generation of MHC-I-restricting antigen peptides through the activity of specific proteasome, and consequently,participates in the genesis and progression of malignancy.