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This study aims to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) predictive model for assessing mortality in patients with malignant tumors and hyperkalemia (MTH). We extracted data on patients with MTH from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV, version 2.2 (MIMIC-IV v2.2) database. The dataset was split into a training set (75%) and a validation set (25%). We used the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression to identify potential predictors, which included clinical laboratory indicators and vital signs. Pearson correlation analysis tested the correlation between predictors. In-hospital death was the prediction target. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) and accuracy of the training and validation sets of 7 ML algorithms were compared, and the optimal 1 was selected to develop the model. The calibration curve was used to evaluate the prediction accuracy of the model further. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) enhanced model interpretability. 496 patients with MTH in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were included. After screening, 17 clinical features were included in the construction of the ML model, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was <0.8, indicating that the correlation between the clinical features was small. eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) outperformed other algorithms, achieving perfect scores in the training set (accuracy: 1.000, AUC: 1.000) and high scores in the validation set (accuracy: 0.734, AUC: 0.733). The calibration curves indicated good predictive calibration of the model. SHAP analysis identified the top 8 predictive factors: urine output, mean heart rate, maximum urea nitrogen, minimum oxygen saturation, minimum mean blood pressure, maximum total bilirubin, mean respiratory rate, and minimum pH. In addition, SHAP and LIME performed in-depth individual case analyses. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of ML methods in predicting mortality risk in ICU patients with MTH. It highlights the importance of predictors like urine output and mean heart rate. SHAP and LIME significantly enhanced the model's interpretability.
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Hiperpotassemia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Aprendizado de Máquina , Neoplasias , Humanos , Hiperpotassemia/diagnóstico , Hiperpotassemia/mortalidade , Feminino , Masculino , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Neoplasias/mortalidade , Neoplasias/complicações , Idoso , Mortalidade Hospitalar , AlgoritmosRESUMO
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancerrelated mortality worldwide, is challenging to identify in its early stages and prone to metastasis, and the prognosis of patients with this disease is poor. Treatment options for HCC are limited, with even radical treatments being associated with a risk of recurrence or transformation in the short term. Furthermore, the multityrosine kinase inhibitors approved for firstline therapy have marked drawbacks, including drug resistance and side effects. The rise and breakthrough of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have provided a novel direction for HCC immunotherapy but these have the drawback of low response rates. Since avoiding apoptosis is a universal feature of cancer, the induction of nonapoptotic regulatory cell death (NARCD) is a novel strategy for HCC immunotherapy. At present, NARCD pathways, including ferroptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis, are novel potential forms of immunogenic cell death, which have synergistic effects with antitumor immunity, transforming immune 'cold' tumors into immune 'hot' tumors and exerting antitumor effects. Therefore, these pathways may be targeted as a novel treatment strategy for HCC. In the present review, the roles of ferroptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis in antitumor immunity in HCC are discussed, and the relevant targets and signaling pathways, and the current status of combined therapy with ICIs are summarized. The prospects of targeting ferroptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis in HCC immunotherapy are also considered.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Ferroptose , Imunoterapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Necroptose , Piroptose , Humanos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/imunologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/imunologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Piroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Piroptose/imunologia , Ferroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Necroptose/imunologia , Necroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunoterapia/métodos , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/uso terapêutico , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/farmacologia , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , AnimaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Coccidiosis is a rapidly spreading and acute parasitic disease that seriously threatening the intestinal health of poultry. Matrine from leguminous plants has anthelmintic and anti-inflammatory properties. PURPOSE: This assay was conducted to explore the protective effects of Matrine and the AntiC (a Matrine compound) on Eimeria necatrix (EN)-infected chick small intestines and to provide a nutritional intervention strategy for EN injury. STUDY DESIGN: The in vivo (chick) experiment: A total of 392 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly assigned to six groups in a 21-day study: control group, 350 mg/kg Matrine group, 500 mg/kg AntiC group, EN group, and EN + 350 mg/kg Matrine group, EN + 500 mg/kg AntiC group. The in vitro (chick intestinal organoids, IOs): The IOs were treated with PBS, Matrine, AntiC, 3 µM CHIR99021, EN (15,000 EN sporozoites), EN + Matrine, EN + AntiC, EN + Matrine + CHIR99021, EN + AntiC + CHIR99021. METHODS: The structural integrity of chicks jejunal crypt-villus axis was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). And the activity of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located in crypts was assessed by in vitro expansion advantages of a primary in IOs model. Then, the changes of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in jejunal tissues and IOs were detected by Real-Time qPCR,Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The results showed that dietary supplementation with Matrine or AntiC rescued the jejunal injury caused by EN, as indicated by increased villus height, reduced crypt hyperplasia, and enhanced expression of tight junction proteins. Moreover, there was less budding efficiency of the IOs expanded from jejunal crypts of chicks in the EN group than that in the Matrine and AntiC group, respectively. Further investigation showed that AntiC and Matrine inhibited EN-stimulated Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. The fact that Wnt/ß-catenin activation via CHIR99021 led to the failure of Matrine and AntiC to rescue damaged ISCs confirmed the dominance of this signaling. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that Matrine and AntiC inhibit ISC proliferation and promote ISC differentiation into absorptive cells by preventing the hyperactivation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling, thereby standardizing the function of ISC proliferation and differentiation, which provides new insights into mitigating EN injury by Matrine and AntiC.
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Alcaloides , Galinhas , Coccidiose , Eimeria , Matrinas , Doenças das Aves Domésticas , Quinolizinas , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Animais , Quinolizinas/farmacologia , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Via de Sinalização Wnt/efeitos dos fármacos , Eimeria/efeitos dos fármacos , Coccidiose/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/parasitologia , Células-Tronco/efeitos dos fármacos , Intestino Delgado/efeitos dos fármacos , Intestino Delgado/parasitologiaRESUMO
Men are inevitably plagued by prostate disease throughout their lives. However, the understanding of the pathogenesis of prostate diseases is still limited. In the 1960s, McNeal proposed the theory of prostate zones: the prostate was divided into three main zones: transition zone, central zone, and peripheral zone. Over the past 50 years, significant differences between different prostate zones have been gradually revealed. We summarized the most significant differences in different zones of the prostate. For the first time, we proposed the "apparent difference in prostate zones" concept. This new concept has been proposed to understand the different zones of the prostate better. It also provided new ideas for exploring the susceptibility of lesions in different prostate zones. Despite the reported differences between zones, the treatment of prostate-related diseases remains partition agnostic. Therefore, we also discussed the clinical significance of the "apparent difference in the prostate zone" and emphasized the necessity of prostate zones.
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Próstata , Hiperplasia Prostática , Neoplasias da Próstata , Prostatite , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Próstata/patologia , Suscetibilidade a DoençasRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) combined with adjuvant chemotherapy on myelosuppression for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients using network meta-analysis (NMA). METHODS: Literature searches in both international (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) and Chinese (China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure) databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted from inception until October 10, 2022. We included RCTs of patients who received CHM combined with chemotherapy, including FOLFOX, XELOX, FOLFIRI, and other relevant regimens in the CHM treatment group. The outcomes included the incidence of myelosuppression, leukopenia, hemoglobin reduction, and thrombocytopenia. Two reviewers independently screened the databases, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias and credibility of evidence. RevMan 5.4.1 software and STATA 14.0 were used to perform the NMA. RESULTS: A total of 31 RCTs were included, published from 2008 to 2021 in Chinese. Among these, 2,314 participants comparing the following 9 CHMs were identified: Shengbai Recipe (SBR), Bazhen Decoction (BZD), Jianpi Jiedu Recipe (JJR), Jianpi Recipe (JR), Compound Cantharis Capsule (CCC), Zaofan Pill (ZFP), Guilu Erxian Gel (GL), Buzhong Tiaogan Decoction (BZ), and Qiamagu Capsule (QM). The results of NMA found an indirect comparison. Based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA), the ZFP+ chemotherapy group had the lowest incidence of myelosuppression, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.08 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.76], whereas the GL+ chemotherapy group had the lowest incidence of leukopenia, hemoglobin reduction, and thrombocytopenia, with an OR of 5.25 (95% CI: 2.41, 11.43), 4.66 (95% CI: 2.23, 9.72), and 0.27 (95% CI: 0.13, 0.54), respectively. Moreover, BZD + chemotherapy could alleviate leukopenia, hemoglobin reduction, and thrombocytopenia (P<0.01). Pairwise comparison showed that there was no difference in the efficacy among the 8 CHMs+ chemotherapy group. The comparison and adjustment funnel plot indicated that small-study effect had no impact on these outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: This NMA provided evidence to support that patients with CRC benefit from receiving different combination of CHM chemotherapies. Among these, GL plus chemotherapy and BZD plus chemotherapy were the more effective for myelosuppression in patients; however, as the qualtiy of evidence is insufficient, further research is needed. (PROSPERO, No. CRD42022369025).
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Metanálise em Rede , Humanos , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/efeitos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Medicina Tradicional ChinesaRESUMO
AIM:To investigate the effects of overexpressing α-Klotho(KL)in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by oxidative stress on the proliferation, migration, tube-formation and tight junction of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).METHODS:RAW264.7 cells were categorized into control, 4-hydroxynonenal(4HNE), and 4HNE+KL groups, with F4/80 expression assessed via immunofluorescence staining. Three groups of conditional media were prepared for HUVECs and culture divided into M&#xF8;-NC, M&#xF8;-4HNE, and M&#xF8;-4HNE+KL groups. Cell proliferation was evaluated using CCK8 assay, while scratch test and Transwell assays were employed to measure cell migration. Additionally, tube-formation assay was conducted to assess cell tubule formation, and Western blot assay was utilized to detect the protein expression levels of Claudin 5, Occludin and ZO 1.RESULTS:The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the fluorescence intensity of F4/80 of RAW264.7 cells in the 4HNE group was significantly enhanced compared with the control group, while that of F4/80 in the 4HNE+KL group was significantly decreased compared with the 4HNE group(all P<0.05). The CCK8 assay results revealed a significant increase in the proliferation of HUVECs in the M&#xF8;-4HNE group compared with the M&#xF8;-NC group. Conversely, the proliferation of the M&#xF8;-4HNE+KL group exhibited a significant decrease compared with that in the M&#xF8;-4HNE group(all P<0.01). The results of scratch test and Transwell assays demonstrated a significant increase in the migration of HUVECs in the M&#xF8;-4HNE group compared with the M&#xF8;-NC group, while the migration of the M&#xF8;-4HNE+KL group exhibited a significant decrease compared with the M&#xF8;-4HNE group(all P<0.01). In the tube-formation assay, it was observed that the number of tubes formed by HUVECs in the M&#xF8;-4HNE group was significantly increased compared with the M&#xF8;-NC group, while that of tubes formed in the M&#xF8;-4HNE+KL group was significantly decreased compared with the M&#xF8;-4HNE group(all P<0.01). Additionally, the Western blot results revealed a significant decrease in the relative expression levels of Claudin 5, Occludin, and ZO 1 in the M&#xF8;-4HNE group compared with the M&#xF8;-NC group. Conversely, in the M&#xF8;-4HNE+KL group, there was a significant increase in the relative expression levels of Claudin 5, Occludin, and ZO 1 compared to the M&#xF8;-4HNE group(all P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: KL inhibits the proliferation, migration, and tube-formation of HUVECs while enhancing the tight junction by changing the activation state of macrophages in the diabetic oxidative stress environment.
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Age-related macular degeneration(ARMD)is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness in the elderly. Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)drugs have become the first-line treatment for neovascular ARMD, which has greatly changed the prognosis. However, dry ARMD still lacks effective treatment means, focusing on prevention. At present, several clinical treatment methods are being explored, including antioxidant therapy, complement therapy, neuroprotective therapy, gene therapy, etc. This review mainly summarizes the existing clinical trials and their progress on the treatment of dry ARMD, in order to provide future prospects for the treatment of dry ARMD. A number of clinical trials have already produced promising results for the treatment of dry ARMD, and it is believed that more and more clinical trials will be successful in the near future to provide more effective treatments for patients with dry ARMD.
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OBJECTIVE: To optimize the single centrifugation preparation protocol of rat platelet-rich plasma (PRP). METHODS: The arterial blood of rats obtained by carotid artery intubation was collected by heparin sodium anticoagulant tubes, and then the blood divided into sterile EP tubes, adjusting the red blood cell concentration with normal saline, while rat PRP was prepared by centrifugation under different conditions (the centrifugal force was 200×g-240×g, and the centrifugal time was 8-12 min). Subsequently, the blood cell count and quality evaluation of anticoagulat whole blood and PRP were performed by hematology analyzer and flow cytometry, respectively, and the differences between different groups were compared. RESULTS: The red blood cell concentration to (5.5-6.5)×1012/L after anticoagulation of rat whole blood was good for PRP extraction. When the blood samples was centrifuged at 220×g for 10 min, the platelet recovery rate was the highestï¼»(53.52±0.63)%ï¼½. The level of apoptosis and activation of plateles in PRP were not significantly different compared to whole blood(P>0.05), and the release level of growth factor was significantly increased(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: It is a key to improve the PRP extraction efficiency by reducing the amount of mixed red blood cell, and this study successfully modified the preparation method of rat PRP, with platelets high recovery rate and stable quality.
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BACKGROUND: Accurate analysis of quantitative PET data plays a crucial role in studying small, specific brain structures. The integration of PET and MRI through an integrated PET/MR system presents an opportunity to leverage the benefits of precisely aligned structural MRI and molecular PET images in both spatial and temporal dimensions. However, in many clinical workflows, PET studies are often performed without the aid of individually matched structural MRI scans, primarily for the sake of convenience in the data collection and brain segmentation possesses. Currently, two commonly employed segmentation strategies for brain PET analysis are distinguished: methods with or without MRI registration and methods employing either atlas-based or individual-based algorithms. Moreover, the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted methods for predicting brain segmentation holds promise but requires further validation of their efficiency and accuracy for clinical applications. This study aims to compare and evaluate the correlations, consistencies, and differences among the above-mentioned brain segmentation strategies in quantification of brain metabolism in 18F-FDG PET/MR analysis. RESULTS: Strong correlations were observed among all methods (r = 0.932 to 0.999, P < 0.001). The variances attributable to subject and brain region were higher than those caused by segmentation methods (P < 0.001). However, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)s between methods with or without MRI registration ranged from 0.924 to 0.975, while ICCs between methods with atlas- or individual-based algorithms ranged from 0.741 to 0.879. Brain regions exhibiting significant standardized uptake values (SUV) differences due to segmentation methods were the basal ganglia nuclei (maximum to 11.50 ± 4.67%), and various cerebral cortexes in temporal and occipital regions (maximum to 18.03 ± 5.52%). The AI-based method demonstrated high correlation (r = 0.998 and 0.999, P < 0.001) and ICC (0.998 and 0.997) with FreeSurfer, substantially reducing the time from 8.13 h to 57 s on per subject. CONCLUSIONS: Different segmentation methods may have impact on the calculation of brain metabolism in basal ganglia nuclei and specific cerebral cortexes. The AI-based approach offers improved efficiency and is recommended for its enhanced performance.
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A textile bandwidth-enhanced polarization-reconfigurable half-mode substrate-integrated cavity antenna was designed for wearable applications. A slot was cut out from the patch of a basic textile HMSIC antenna to excite two close resonances to form a wide -10 dB impedance band. The simulated axial ratio curve indicates the linear and circular polarization of the antenna radiation at different frequencies. Based on that, two sets of snap buttons were added at the radiation aperture to shift the -10 dB band. Therefore, a larger frequency range can be flexibly covered, and the polarization can be reconfigured at a fixed frequency by switching the state of snap buttons. According to the measured results on a fabricated prototype, the -10 dB impedance band of the proposed antenna can be reconfigured to cover 2.29~2.63 GHz (13.9% fractional bandwidth), and the circular/linear polarization radiation can be observed at 2.42 GHz with buttons OFF/ON. Additionally, simulations and measurements were carried out to validate the design and to study the effects of human body and bending conditions on the antenna performance.
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Transition metal-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization is an important method in organic synthesis, but the development of methods that are lower cost and have a less environmental impact is desirable. Here, a Cu-catalyzed asymmetric C(sp2)-H arylation is reported. With diaryliodonium salts as arylating reagents, a range of ortho-arylated P-chiral phosphonic diamides were obtained in moderate to excellent yields with high enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee). Meanwhile, enantioselective C-3 arylation of diarylphosphine oxide indoles was also realized under similar conditions to construct axial chirality.
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To verify the inhibitory mechanism of ß-catenin-designed peptides in colorectal cancer(CRC) tumors, the following experiments were performed. In vitro colony formation, Transwell assays, and flow cytometry were performed to assess the biological effects of designed peptides (F18KD, F20A4-7k, F20A4-10k, and F20A3-9k + F20A4-10k + F20A5-9k) in HT-29 cells. In vivo xenograft experiments were performed and treated with peptides. Next, tumors were subjected to Hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE), immunohistochemical, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining assays to evaluate the inhibitory effect of peptides on tumors. ß-Catenin levels were quantified via western blotting (WB) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and ß-catenin was located using confocal laser scanning microscopy. T-cell factor-4 (TCF-4), C-myc, and CCND1 levels were quantified via WB. Results were obtained as following. First, the peptides reduced viability, migration, and invasion; promoted apoptosis; and stabilized the S phase of HT-29 cells. Second, peptides suppressed tumor growth and downregulated the expression of CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor, and ß-catenin in tumors. Furthermore, we found that peptides downregulated ß-catenin expression in both the cytoplasm and nucleus; TCF-4, C-myc, and CCND1 expression was also downregulated. Notably, ß-catenin-targeting peptides had a better inhibitory effect on CRC than non-ß-catenin-target peptides, and a combination of peptides exerted a more potent inhibitory effect on CRC than single peptides. It suggested that ß-Catenin-targeting peptides promote apoptosis in CRC tumors by inhibiting activation of the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway.
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Neoplasias Colorretais , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular , Humanos , Neoplasias Colorretais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Apoptose , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Peptídeos/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão GênicaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the safety and efficacy of novel CD19-KIRS2/Dap12-BB chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells) in the treatment of relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancy (R/R BCM).@*METHODS@#Three patients with R/R BCM treated with novel CD19-KIRS2/Dap12-BB CAR-T cells from June 2020 to November 2020 were enrolled, including 1 case of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) and 2 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and the efficacy and adverse reactions were observed.@*RESULTS@#After CAR-T cells infusion, patient with B-ALL achieved complete remission (CR) and minimal residual disease (MRD) turned negative, and 2 patients with NHL achieved partial remission (PR). Grade 2 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred in B-ALL patient, grade 1 CRS occurred in 2 NHL patients, and grade II to IV hematologic adverse reactions occurred in 3 patients, all of which were controllable and reversible. The progression-free survival (PFS) of the 3 patients was 143, 199, and 91 days, and overall survival (OS) was 282, 430, and 338 days, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The novel CD19-KIRS2/Dap12-BB CAR-T cells in treatment of 3 patients with R/R BCM have significant short-term efficacy and controllable adverse reactions, but the long-term efficacy needs to be further improved.
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Humanos , Receptores de Antígenos Quiméricos , Imunoterapia Adotiva , Linfoma de Burkitt , Antígenos CD19 , Neoplasia Residual , Proteínas Adaptadoras de Transdução de SinalRESUMO
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus causing severe visual impairment, and it is the main cause of blindness in adults. Metabolic abnormalities play an important role in the occurrence and development of DR, including the abnormal levels of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and purine metabolism, which indicate that there are disorders of phosphopentose pathway, arginine metabolism pathway, polyol pathway and ascorbic acid pathway in the progression of DR. Metabolomics has great advantages in exploring the pathogenesis and diagnosis of DR, helping to identify the characteristic metabolic changes of DR And discover potential biomarkers. However, the existing metabolomics studies on DR have some limitations, such as the potential biomarkers found in some studies are difficult to verify in other studies due to differences in race, age, gender and sample size. There are few studies on biomarkers at different stages of DR. Therefore, in the future, multi-center and large-scale clinical studies are needed to screen out biomarkers with practical clinical diagnostic value.
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Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of tessellation fundus (TF) among Tianjin Medical University students with different refractive statuses.Methods:A cross-sectional study. From September to December 2019, 346 students from Tianjin Medical University were randomly selected and underwent slit-lamp examination, non-cycloplegic auto-refraction, subjective refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, ocular biometric measurement, and non-dilation fundus photography. The differences in the prevalence of TF in basic characteristics and ocular biometric parameters were compared. Based on the equivalent spherical (SE), refractive status was divided into the non-myopia group (SE>-0.50 D) and the myopia group (SE≤-0.50 D). The myopia group was further divided into mild myopia group (-3.00 D<SE≤-0.50 D), moderate myopia group (-6.00 D<SE≤-3.00 D), and high myopia group (SE≤-6.00 D). According to the axis length (AL), the subjects were divided into AL<24 mm group, 24-26 mm group, and >26 mm group. The logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting TF. Trend tests were performed for each risk factor and TF.Results:Of the 346 subjects, 324 (93.6%, 324/346) were myopia, of whom 73 (21.1%, 73/346), 167 (48.3%, 167/346), and 84 (24.3%, 84/346) were mild myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia, respectively; 22 (6.4%, 22/346) were non-myopia. There were 294 (85.0%, 294/346) students with TF in the macula, including 9 (40.91%, 9/22), 58 (79.45%, 58/73), 145 (86.83%, 145/167), and 82 (97.62%, 82/84) in non-myopia, low myopia, moderate myopia, and high myopia group, respectively; 52 (15.0%, 52/346) students were without TF in the macula. There were statistically significant gender differences ( χ2=4.47), SE ( t=6.29), AL ( t=-8.29), anterior chamber depth ( Z=-2.62), lens thickness ( Z=-2.23), and average corneal radius ( Z=-3.58) between students with and without TF in the macula ( P<0.05). Spherical equivalent and axial length were independent risk factors for TF and its severity ( P≤0.001). With an increasing degree of myopia, and increasing axial length, the risk of TF increased ( P for trend<0.001). Conclusions:The prevalence of TF is 85.0% among Tianjin Medical University students. TF is detected in the fundus of no myopia, mild myopia, moderate myopia and high myopia. The degree of myopia is higher, the AL is longer, the possibility of TF is higher.
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Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a severe blinding eye disease caused by diabetes.A number of studies have shown that there is a phenomenon of"metabolic memory"in diabetic patients,but its mechanism is still unclear.In the oc-currence and progression of DR,oxidative stress in a high-glucose environment causes abnormal mutations of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)copy number in retinal cells,and its repair system is destroyed at the same time and forms a vicious circle,resulting in excessive production of reactive oxygen,destruction of redox homeostasis and apoptosis.The mtDNA can be independently replicated and passed on to the next generation,and epigenetic modification can also affect the regulation of genes related to the pathogenesis of DR.In the occurrence and development of DR,it is of great significance to clarify the mechanism of mitochondrial damage and"metabolic memory"for the prevention and treatment of DR.The emergence of mitochondrial transfer technology is expected to break the"metabolic memory"phenomenon and open up new avenues for treating such diseases.This article gives a review of the related research and development.
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When it comes to diabetic patients, persistent hyperglycemia and associated pathological conditions will not only cause diabetic retinopathy(DR)but also have an impact on the metabolism of vitreous, leading to diabetic vitreopathy. Owing to the adjacent anatomical position between the vitreous and retina, diabetic vitreopathy and DR are mutually promoted. Changes in vitreoretinal interface such as posterior vitreous detachment(PVD)and vitreoschisis, provide a scaffold for fibrovascular proliferative membrane and are closely associated with pars plana vitrectomy(PPV). This article sorts out the variation of diabetic patients' vitreous structure and biochemical components, along with the changes in the vitreous-retinal interface, particularly for the related research on its relationship with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR), aiming at providing further cognition of diabetic vitreopathy as well as references for DR treatment and formulation of PPV.
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Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of low- and intermediate-dose factor Ⅷ (F Ⅷ) prophylaxis in Chinese adult patients with severe hemophilia A. Methods: Thirty adult patients with severe hemophilia A who received low- (n=20) /intermediate-dose (n=10) F Ⅷ prophylaxis at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University Medical College were included in the study. The annual bleeding rate (ABR), annual joint bleeding rate (AJBR), number of target joints, functional independence score of hemophilia (FISH), quality of life score, and health status score (SF-36) before and after preventive treatment were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results: The median follow-up was 48 months. Compared with on-demand treatment, low- and intermediate-dose prophylaxis significantly reduced ABR, AJBR, and the number of target joints (P<0.05) ; the improvement in the intermediate-dose prophylaxis group was better than that in the low-dose prophylaxis group (P<0.05). Compared with on-demand treatment, the FISH score, quality of life score, and SF-36 score significantly improved in both groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion: In Chinese adults with severe hemophilia A, low- and intermediate-dose prophylaxis can significantly reduce bleeding frequency, delay the progression of joint lesions, and improve the quality of life of patients as compared with on-demand treatment. The improvement in clinical bleeding was better with intermediate-dose prophylaxis than low-dose prophylaxis.
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Humanos , Hemofilia A/tratamento farmacológico , Fator VIII/uso terapêutico , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Hemartrose/prevenção & controle , Hemorragia/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the preservation effect and related influencing factors of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells under serum-free condition at 4 â. METHODS: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation, and stored at 4 â under different cell concentrations, supplemented with human serum albumin, and glucose. The cell viability, total cell number, viable cell number and cell phenotype were detected during preservation of 72 h. RESULTS: With the prolongation of storage time, the number of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells gradually decreased(r=0.982). Compared with the cell concentration of (5-6)×106 cells/ml, the cell number decreased more slowly when the cell storage concentration was (1-2)×106 cells/ml; Adding human serum albumin and glucose can effectively improve the survival rate of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, among which 2% human serum albumin has a better preservation effect; Compared with the blank control group, the analysis results of cell subsets showed that the downward trends of NK cells and T cells were significantly slowed after adding albumin and glucose. CONCLUSION: The cell density of (1-2)×106/ml and 2% human serum albumin are more suitable for the preservation of PBMC, and 5% glucose can improve the preservation effect of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells at 4 â.
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Leucócitos Mononucleares , HumanosRESUMO
Learning capabilities have been an essential element for the success of second language learners that needs regulators' and researchers' emphasis. Hence, the current research examines the role of lack of self-efficacy and resistance to innovation on the insufficient learning capabilities of second language students in China. The current study also examines the mediating role of demotivation among the linkage of lack of self-efficacy, resistance to innovation, and insufficient learning capabilities and explores the moderating role of institutional culture among demotivation and insufficient learning capabilities. The researchers have applied the questionnaires method to gather the data from selected students and employed the smart-PLS to assess the measurement and structural models. The results revealed that lack of self-efficacy and resistance to innovation has a significant and positive linkage with insufficient learning capabilities. The results also exposed that demotivation significantly mediates among lack of self-efficacy, resistance to innovation, and insufficient learning capabilities. The findings also explored that the institutional culture significantly moderates the linkage between demotivation and insufficient learning capabilities.