Effect of stress urinary incontinence on vaginal microbial communities.

BACKGROUND: Postpartum women often experience stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and vaginal microbial dysbiosis, which seriously affect women's physical and mental health. Understanding the relationship between SUI and vaginal microbiota composition may help to prevent vaginal diseases, but research on the potential association between these conditions is limited. RESULTS: This study employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to explore the association between SUI and vaginal dysbiosis. In terms of the vaginal microbiota, both species richness and evenness were significantly higher in the SUI group. Additionally, the results of NMDS and species composition indicated that there were differences in the composition of the vaginal microbiota between the two groups. Specifically, compared to postpartum women without SUI (Non-SUI), the relative abundance of bacteria associated with bacterial dysbiosis, such as Streptococcus, Prevotella, Dialister, and Veillonella, showed an increase, while the relative abundance of Lactobacillus decreased in SUI patients. Furthermore, the vaginal microbial co-occurrence network of SUI patients displayed higher connectivity, complexity, and clustering. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the role of Lactobacillus in maintaining vaginal microbial homeostasis. It found a correlation between SUI and vaginal microbiota, indicating an increased risk of vaginal dysbiosis. The findings could enhance our understanding of the relationship between SUI and vaginal dysbiosis in postpartum women, providing valuable insights for preventing bacterial vaginal diseases and improving women's health.

Erratum: HOXC10 promotes carboplatin resistance of ovarian cancer by regulating ABCC3.

[This corrects the article on p. 4602 in vol. 12, PMID: 36381312.].

Pan-cancer analysis of PLAU indicates its potential prognostic value and correlation with neutrophil infiltration in BLCA.

BACKGROUND: PLAU is known as a selected serine protease converting plasminogen to plasmin. The role of PLAU in the development of pan-cancer, especially bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) remains unclear. METHOD: A variety of online tools and cancer databases, including TCGA, GETx, HPA database, GSCALite, UALCAN, ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, ssGSEA algorithms and SangerBox website, were applied to investigate the associations between PLAU expression and prognosis, genetic alterations, pathway activation, and tumor immunity in pan-cancer. Through cBioPortal and STITCH platforms, the oncogenic role of PLAU and related targeting medicines in BLCA were also explored. We verified the expression of PLAU in pan-cancer cells and its function in bladder cancer cell lines using wet-lab experiments. RESULTS: PLAU expression levels were significantly higher in most cancer tissues. PLAU had a certain accuracy in the diagnosis of various types of cancers (90 % AUC > 0.700). In BLCA, PLAU has abundant methylated sites and showed statistical differences in clinical features. PLAU was involved in tumor immune infiltration, and especially positively correlated with neutrophil infiltration. High-expressed PLAU indicated poorer prognosis in the BLCA patients receiving Atezolizumab. A high mRNA and protein expression levels of PLAU were observed in pan-cancer cell lines, especially BLCA cells. Knockdown of PLAU inhibited the invasive, proliferative, and aggressive phenotypes of bladder cancer cells. Immunohistochemical staining validated PLAU's higher expression in BLCA tissues than in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. And overexpression of PLAU was associated with more advanced TNM stage, and high infiltrating depth. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that PLAU can serve as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker for various malignancies, especially BLCA.

Endogenous FGF21 attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption in penumbra after delayed recanalization in MCAO rats through FGFR1/PI3K/Akt pathway. / å† æºæ€§FGF21通过FGFR1/PI3K/Akt通路减轻MCAOå¤§é¼ å»¶è¿Ÿè¡€ç®¡å†é€šåŽåŠæš—å¸¦çš„è¡€è„‘å±éšœæŸä¼¤ï¼ˆè‹±æ–‡ï¼‰.

OBJECTIVES: Restoration of blood circulation within "time window" is the principal treating goal for treating acute ischemic stroke. Previous studies revealed that delayed recanalization might cause serious ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, plenty of evidences showed delayed recanalization improved neurological outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. This study aims to explore the role of delayed recanalization on blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the penumbra (surrounding ischemic core) and neurological outcomes after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). METHODS: Recanalization was performed on the 3rd day after MCAO. BBB disruption was tested by Western blotting, Evans blue dye, and immunofluorescence staining. Infarct volume and neurological outcomes were evaluated on the 7th day after MCAO. The expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), and serine/threonine kinase (Akt) in the penumbra were observed by immunofluorescence staining and/or Western blotting. RESULTS: The extraversion of Evans blue, IgG, and albumin increased surrounding ischemic core after MCAO, but significantly decreased after recanalization. The expression of Claudin-5, Occludin, and zona occludens 1 (ZO-1) decreased surrounding ischemic core after MCAO, but significantly increased after recanalization. Infarct volume reduced and neurological outcomes improved following recanalization (on the 7th day after MCAO). The expressions of Claudin-5, Occludin, and ZO-1 decreased surrounding ischemic core following MCAO, which were up-regulated corresponding to the increases of FGF21, p-FGFR1, PI3K, and p-Akt after recanalization. Intra-cerebroventricular injection of FGFR1 inhibitor SU5402 down-regulated the expression of PI3K, p-Akt, Occludin, Claudin-5, and ZO-1 in the penumbra, which weakened the beneficial effects of recanalization on neurological outcomes after MCAO. CONCLUSIONS: Delayed recanalization on the 3rd day after MCAO increases endogenous FGF21 in the penumbra and activates FGFR1/PI3K/Akt pathway, which attenuates BBB disruption in the penumbra and improves neurobehavior in MCAO rats.

Long-term efficacy of the pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation for women with stress urinary incontinence. / 女性压力性尿失禁盆底康复治疗的远期疗效.

OBJECTIVES: Stress urinary incontinence is a common disease with many therapeutic ways, but it lacks long-term follow-up. This study aims to conduct a retrospective study on the long-term efficacy of women with mild and moderate stress urinary incontinence after pelvic floor rehabilitation treatment for 3-years so as to provide a more effective treatment plan for this disease. METHODS: Data were collected from 279 female patients, who were diagnosed with stress urinary incontinence at the Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2017 to January 2019. All patients received health education and were instructed to perform Kegel exercises for 20 min daily at home. According to the treatment pattern, patients were divided into 3 groups as A, B, and C. Group A (n=94) received pelvic floor biofeedback, electrical stimulation and electroacupuncture; Group B (n=99) received pelvic floor biofeedback and electrical stimulation; Group C (n=86) only got pelvic floor function examinations and did not receive any pelvic floor treatment. The pelvic floor functional examinations included a pelvic floor electrophysiological test, pelvic organ prolapse quantitive examination (POP-Q), and stress urinary incontinence severity assessment. All patients were followed up with questionnaire consisting of the International Committee on Urinary Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICI-Q-SF) and the Quality of Life questionnaire of Urinary Incontinence (I-QOL) before and after the treatment, as well as at 1-, 2-, and 3-years after the treatment (5 times in total). Among the patients who received the treatment, 43 returned to the hospital, including 21 in group A (Group Areturn) and 22 in group B (Group Breturn). Pelvic floor electrophysiological test and POP-Q were performed on the 2 groups. RESULTS: For the leakage rate at the end of the treatment and the following 1-, 2-, and 3-years: Group A0.05), but the I-QOL scores of Group A and Group B were much higher than that in Group C (both P<0.05). On the other hand, the I-QOL scores at 1-, 2-, and 3-years after the treatment were Group A>Group B>Group C (all P<0.05). In addition, the ICI-Q-SF scores at the end of the treatment and 1-, 2-, and 3-years after the treatment were Group A0.05). While the pelvic floor muscle strength in Group Areturn was much higher than that in Group Breturn (P<0.05) after 3 years of the treatment. What's more, the pelvic floor muscle potential in Group Areturn was much higher than that in Group Breturn (both P<0.05) at the end of the treatment and after 3 years of the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with pelvic floor biofeedback and electrical stimulation for stress urinary incontinence, electroacupuncture combined with pelvic floor electrical stimulation and biofeedback reveal more remarkable short-term efficacy and more stable long-term efficacy, which can significantly improve the quality of life in female patients.

Exorchis sp. in the catfish Silurus asotus and Oncomelania hupensis in marshlands of Poyang Lake, China: A potential biological control tool for Schistosoma japonicum.

Oncomelania hupensis is the obligate intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum, highlighting the medical importance of interrupting this unique and long-standing parasite-host interaction in controlling schistosomiasis transmission. It has been reported that a catfish trematode Exorchis sp. could have the potential to function as an effective anti-schistosomal agent in the snail host. However, the feasibility of this eco-friendly biological control strategy should be comprehensively investigated and evaluated in endemic areas for schistosomiasis. In this study, a field survey was conducted from 2012 to 2016 in the marshlands of Poyang Lake, which is one of the highly endemic regions for schistosomiasis in China. Results showed that more than half of Silurus asotus (65.79%) were infected with Exorchis sp., and the average intensity of infection was 14.21 per fish. And the average infection rate of Exorchis sp. in O. hupensis is 1.11%. These findings indicated that there are abundant biological resources for the implementation of this biology control strategy in the marshlands of Poyang Lake. The data presented here provide solid evidences for the practical application of this biological control strategy, thereby contributing to achieving the goals of the elimination of schistosomiasis.

Tuning Thermoelectric Conversion Performance of BiSbTe/Epoxy Flexible Films with Dot Magnetic Arrays.

Embedding of magnetic functional units into the thermoelectric (TE) materials has been demonstrated to be an effective way to enhance the TE conversion performance. However, the magnetic functional units in TE materials are all randomly distributed. In this paper, to explore the effect of the ordering of the magnetic functional units on TE conversion performance, a series of BiSbTe/epoxy flexible thermoelectromagnetic (TEM) films with dot magnetic arrays were successfully prepared by a two-step screen printing combined with a hot pressing process. TEM films with dot magnetic arrays can achieve high carrier mobility, while the carrier concentration increases due to large coercivity. Therefore, its electrical conductivities are significantly improved on the condition that it maintains a high Seebeck coefficient. The TEM film with hexagonal-dot magnetic arrays exhibits the best electrical transport properties, for which the room-temperature power factor reaches 1.51 mW·m-1·K-2, increased by 33.6 and 36.1% as compared with those of the pristine TE film and the TEM film with a continuous magnetic layer, respectively. This work provides a new way to enhance the TE conversion performance of flexible TEM films through the ordered magnetic arrays.

Effect of radiofrequency combined with magnetic stimulation on mild and moderate pelvic organ prolapse. / å°„é¢‘è”åˆç£åˆºæ¿€æ²»ç–—å¯¹è½»ä¸­åº¦ç›†è ”å™¨å®˜è„±åž‚çš„ç–—æ•ˆ.

OBJECTIVES: The efficacy of using a single electrical or magnetic stimulation for treating pelvic floor dysfunction is limited. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of radiofrequency combined with magnetic stimulation treatment for mild to moderate pelvic organ prolapse. METHODS: Patients who completed the treatment in the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were screened, and were divided into 2 groups based on different treatment plans. There were 28 patients who completed magnetic stimulation therapy (the magnetic stimulation therapy group) and 21 patients who completed radiofrequency combined with magnetic stimulation therapy (the combined treatment group). The pelvic organ prolapse quantitation (POP-Q), pelvic floor muscle strength, and pelvic floor ultrasound results were analyzed to assess the efficacy before and after the treatment in both groups, and the POP-Q results of 3 months after the treatment were used to evaluate the maintenance effect of the treatment mode. RESULTS: The POP-Q evaluation results of Aa, Ap, and C points after the treatment in both groups were better than those before the treatment, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). The Aa point POP-Q result of the combined treatment group was better than that of the magnetic stimulation therapy group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Pelvic floor ultrasound evaluation showed that the bladder neck position during the valsalva maneuver in the combined treatment group was higher than that in the magnetic stimulation treatment group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). The persistence effect of the combined treatment group was long better than that of the magnetic stimulation treatment group, with significant statistical significance (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The combined treatment is more effective and has a longer lasting effect than single magnetic stimulation treatment.

Therapeutic effect of proprioception training combined with pelvic floor electrical stimulation biofeedback on postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction. / æœ¬ä½“æ„Ÿè§‰è®­ç»ƒè”åˆç›†åº•ç”µåˆºæ¿€ç”Ÿç‰©åé¦ˆå¯¹äº§åŽç›†åº•åŠŸèƒ½éšœç¢æ€§ç–¾ç— çš„æ²»ç–—æ•ˆæžœ.

OBJECTIVES: Pelvic floor tendons, fascia, and ligaments are rich in proprioceptors. Proprioceptive training can stimulate local proprioceptors to increase neuromuscular responses and promote the recovery of muscle and fascial ligament functions. This study aims to observe the therapeutic effect of proprioception training combined with pelvic floor electrical stimulation biofeedback on postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD), and to provide evidence for the treatment of postpartum PFD. METHODS: A total of 108 puerpera with postpartum PFD were selected and divided into a control group ( n =50) and an experimental group ( n =58). Puerpera in the control group received pelvic floor electrical stimulation biofeedback treatment. Puerpera in the experimental group received proprioception training combined with pelvic floor electrical stimulation biofeedback treatment. After one course of treatment, the pelvic floor muscle strength, muscle endurance, repetitive contraction ability, rapid contraction ability, percentage of normal vaginal posterior wall elevation, percentage of normal lower abdominal muscle synergistic contraction, percentage of normal reflex contraction during coughing, incidence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and staging of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) were compared before and after treatment between the 2 groups. RESULTS: After treatment, all indexes of the 2 groups were better than those before treatment; the pelvic floor muscle strength, muscular endurance, repetitive contraction ability, and rapid contraction ability of the experimental group were better than those of the control group (all P <0.05); the percentage of normal lower abdominal muscle synergistic contraction and percentage of normal reflex contraction during coughing of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (both P <0.05); the incidence of SUI in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group ( P <0.05); the percentage of POP staging II in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of normal posterior vaginal wall elevation after treatment between the 2 groups ( P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Proprioception training combined with pelvic floor electrical stimulation biofeedback could improve the rehabilitation effect of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction and promote the recovery of pelvic floor function, which possesses important clinical application value.

HOXC10 promotes carboplatin resistance of ovarian cancer by regulating ABCC3.

HOXC10 has been reported to be upregulated in ovarian cancer (OC) tissues, attributing to the metastasis of OC. However, the specific functions of HOXC10 in OC, especially its role in chemoresistance, remain to be determined. Therefore, in this study, we explored the function and the underlying mechanisms of HOXC10 in carboplatin resistance of OC. A variety of approaches were utilized to analyze the expression of HOXC10 and its related genes. The effect of HOXC10 in cell growth and chemoresistance was investigated in carboplatin-resistant OC subline TOV21G-R and the parental TOV21G-P cells. ROC curve and survival analysis were conducted to determine the predictive value of HOXC10 and ABCC3 combination in carboplatin resistance and the prognosis of OC. Luciferase reporter assay and Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay were used to explore the direct regulation of ß-catenin by HOXC10. Our results demonstrated that the expression of HOXC10 was upregulated both in the carboplatin-resistant OC tissues and TOV21G-R cells. Furthermore, the upregulation of HOXC10 could promote the expression of ABCC3 by transcriptionally upregulating ß-catenin. Moreover, overexpression of HOXC10 could decrease the sensitivity of cells to carboplatin, while knocking down HOXC10 had the opposite effect both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the expression of HOXC10/ABCC3 could be a novel biomarker for predicting the carboplatin resistance and the prognosis of OC patients.

Prediction scale of cerebrovascular disease subtypes for high-risk population. / è„‘è¡€ç®¡ç— äºšåž‹é«˜å±äººç¾¤çš„é¢„æµ‹é‡è¡¨.

OBJECTIVES: Cerebrovascular disease can be roughly divided into 2 subtypes: Cerebral ischemia (CI) and cerebral hemorrhage (CH). No scale currently exist that can predict the subtypes of cerebrovascular diseases. This study aims to establish a prediction scale for the subtypes of cerebrovascular diseases. METHODS: A total of 1 200 cerebrovascular disease patients were included in this study, data from 1 081 (90%) patients were used to establish the CI-CH risk scale, and data from 119 (10%) patients were used to test it. Risk factors for the CI-CH risk scale were identified by 2 screens, with two-tailed student's t-test and two-tailed Fisher's exact test preliminarily and with logistic regression analysis further. The scores of each risk factor for CI-CH risk scale were determined according to the odds rate, and the cut-off point was determined by Youden index. RESULTS: Nine risk factors were ultimately selected for score system, including age (≥75 years old was -1, <75 years old was 0), BMI (<24 kg/m2 was 0, 24-28 kg/m2 was -1, >28 kg/m2 was -2), hypertension grade (grade 1 was 1, grade 2 was 2, and grade 3 was 3), diabetes status (no was 0, yes was -1), antihypertensive drug use (no was 0, yes was -2), alcohol consumption (<60 g/d was 1, ≥60 g/d was 2), uric acid (less than normal was 0, normal was -1, high than normal was -2), LDL cholesterol (<2 mmol/L was 0, 2-4 mmol/L was -1, and >4 mmol/L was -2), and HDL cholesterol (<1.55 mmol/L was 0, ≥1.55 mmol/L was 2). Patients with a score more than 0 were classified as the CH group, Conversely, they were assigned to the CI group; its sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 74.5%, 77.9%, and 76.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The CI-CH risk scale can help the clinician predict the subtypes of cerebrovascular diseases.

Preliminary screening and correlation analysis for lncRNAs related to radiosensitivity in melanoma cells by inhibiting glycolysis. / ç³–é µè§£å‚ä¸Žçš„é»‘è‰²ç´ ç˜¤ç»†èƒžæ”¾å°„æ•æ„Ÿæ€§lncRNAsçš„åˆæ­¥ç­›é€‰åŠç›¸å ³æ€§åˆ†æž.

OBJECTIVES: To screen the expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNA related to the radiosensitivity of melanoma cells by inhibiting glycolysis through microarray technology. METHODS: WM35 melanoma cells were treated with different concentrations (1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00 mmol/L) of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and different doses (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 Gy) of X-ray irradiation. MTT assay was used to detect the proliferation ability of NC-0 Gy group (negative control group), NC-4 Gy group (only 4 Gy X-ray irradiation), 2-DG group (only 2.50 mmol/L DG treatment), and 2-DG-4 Gy group (2.50 mmol/L 2-DG treatment, 4 Gy X-ray irradiation). Microarray chip was used to detect the changes in the expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNA in the NC-4 Gy group and the 2-DG-4 Gy group. Real-time RT-PCR was used to quantitatively detect the top 5 upregulated and the top 5 downregulated expression lncRNA. CNC analysis was used to predict potential target genes for the 10 most significantly expressed lncRNAs, after which the co-expression network of lncRNA and co-regulated mRNA were constructed. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to predict the functional distribution of differentially expressed lncRNA. Real-time RT-PCR was used to quantitatively detect the top 5 upregulated and the top 5 downregulated expression lncRNAs. RESULTS: After 48 and 96 h, the cell proliferation of WM35 treated with 2-DG was significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner (all P<0.05). The cell proliferation of WM35 was inhibited by a high dose of X-ray irradiation, resulting in the death of mass cells. The cell proliferation activity of WM35 after 4 Gy X-ray irradiation descended 61% compared to the negative control group. Microarray analysis showed that there were 1 206 lncRNAs and 543 differentially expressed mRNAs between the NC-4 Gy group and the 2-DG-4 Gy group, while real-time RT-PCR showed basically consistent changes in lncRNA and mRNA microarray. Further CNC analysis showed that these 10 lncRNAs had a positive or negative correlation with 333 target genes. GO analysis was mainly concentrated in DNA binding, DNA damage repair, cell cycle arrest, and oxidative stress, while KEGG pathway analysis showed the 10 lncRNAs were related to radiosensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Microarray chip screens the expression profiles of differentially expressed lncRNA related to the radiosensitivity of melanoma cells via inhibiting glycolysis, and lncRNA RPL34-AS1 might be a potential biological target for melanoma radiotherapy.

Effect of the rotation errors on the γ pass rate of volume-modulated arc therapy plan in rectal cancer. / æ—‹è½¬è¯¯å·®å¯¹ç›´è‚ ç™Œå®¹ç§¯æ—‹è½¬è°ƒå¼ºæ”¾å°„æ²»ç–—éªŒè¯è®¡åˆ’Î³é€šè¿‡çŽ‡çš„å½±å“.

OBJECTIVES: To study the effect of rotation errors on the γ pass rate of volume-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan in rectal cancer based on the ArcCheck phantom. METHODS: CT data from 20 rectal cancer patients underwent VMRT were selected randomly for this study. Targeting areas were selected, and clinical radiotherapy and validation plans were formulated. ArcCheck model was selected to validate the radiotherapy plans. The effect of the rotation errors on the dosimetric verification for VMAT in rectal cancer was simulated and analyzed with ArcCheck model software. RESULTS: When there was no rotation errors, the γ pass rate of VMRT plans was more than 95%. When the absolute rotation angle was less than or equal to 1°, the γ pass rate of VMAT plans was more than 90%, meeting the clinical requirements. When the absolute rotation angle was greater than 1°, the γ pass rate was less than 90%, which did not meet clinical requirements. CONCLUSIONS: The rotation errors affect the γ pass rate of VMAT plans. The larger the rotation angle, the lower the γ pass rate. It meets clinical requirements when the rotation error is less than or equal to 1°.

A Versatile Enantioselective Catalytic Cyclopropanation-Rearrangement Approach to the Divergent Construction of Chiral Spiroaminals and Fused Bicyclic Acetals.

A highly enantioselective synthesis of various chiral heterobicyclic molecules including spiroaminals and fused bicyclic acetals has been developed via a chiral copper catalyzed cyclopropanation-rearrangement (CP-RA) approach under mild reaction conditions. Remarkably, the asymmetric CP-RA for exocyclic vinyl substrates without a pro-stereogenic carbon at the ß-position has been realized for the first time and a broad substrate scope with excellent results (33 examples; 34-99 % yields; >95/5 dr and 91-99 % ee) has been achieved. An application of a successive enantioselective CP-RA approach was also described, providing a concise access to complex chiral heteropolycycles.

[Risk factors for female pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors for and the pathogenic mechanisms of pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence.
 Methods: A total of 2 668 females who completed pelvic floor functional detection from July 2014 to October 2015 in the Physical Examination Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The patients were divide into 4 groups: an urinary incontinence group, an organ prolapse group, an organ prolapse with urinary incontinence group, and a normal group. We compared the age, BMI, menopause, gravidity and parity, delivery pattern, the coordination of pelvic floor and abdominal muscles among the 4 groups.
 Results: There were statistical differences in age and BMI values among the 4 groups (P<0.05).There were statistical differences in menopause rate, gravidity and parity history among the normal group and the other 3 groups (P<0.05), and between the organ prolapse group and the organ prolapse with urinary incontinence group (P<0.05). However, the urinary incontinence group was not statistically different from the organ prolapse group and the normal group (P>0.05). In the mode of delivery, there were statistical difference among the normal group and the other 3 groups (P<0.05), and between the organ prolapse group with urinary incontinence group and the organ prolapse or the urinary incontinence group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the urinary incontinence group and the organ prolapse group (P>0.05). Among the 4 groups, the normal group was the best one in coordination between pelvic floor and abdominal muscles, following by the organ prolapse group, the pelvic organ prolapse group and the urinary incontinence group.
 Conclusion: Aging, menopause, number of pregnancies and delivery, BMI, and mode of delivery all affect the occurrence of pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence. Females with urinary incontinence or organ prolapse are not good in coordination between the pelvic floor and abdominal muscles.

[Efficacy of physical therapy for female sexual dysfunction].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of manipulation combined with electrical stimulation and biofeedback on the treatment of female sexual dysfunction. 
 Methods: Seventy-two female patients with sexual dysfunction were recruited from the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2014 to December 2015. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, and C). Patients in group A and group B received manipulation therapy and electrical stimulation biofeedback therapy, respectively, while patients in group C received manipulation combined with biofeedback electrical stimulation treatment for 30 days. The strength and fatigue degree of the type I and the type II muscle fiber of the pelvic muscles in all groups were evaluated before and one month after the treatment for further comparison. Questionnaire survey was used to investigate the frequency of sexual life and orgasm before and after treatment.
 Results: The strength and fatigue degree of patients in group C was significantly better than those of the other two groups (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: Manipulation therapy combined with electrical stimulation and biofeedback can effectively enhance the recovery of sexual dysfunction in postpartum women and improve the quality of sexual life for patients with postpartum sexual dysfunction. It therefore can be spread in clinical practice.

MiR-221-3p targets ARF4 and inhibits the proliferation and migration of epithelial ovarian cancer cells.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer. Although molecular diagnostic tools and targeted therapies have been developed over the past few decades, the survival rate is still rather low. Numerous researches suggest that some microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of tumor progression. Among those miRNAs that has attracted much attention for their multiple roles in human cancers, the function of miR-221-3p in EOC has not been elucidated. Herein, we examined the expression of miR-221-3p in EOC patients and cell lines. Our data revealed that higher expression of miR-221-3p was linked to better overall survival in EOC patients. In-vitro experiments indicated that miR-221-3p inhibited EOC cell proliferation and migration. By performing subsequent systematic molecular biological and bioinformatic analyses, we found ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) 4 is one of the putative target genes, the direct binding relationship was further confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, a distinct gene expression between miR-221-3p and ARF4 in EOC group and normal group was identified, and the negative correlation between their expression levels in EOC specimens was further confirmed. Taken together, our research uncovered the tumor suppressive role of miR-221-3p in EOC and directly targeted ARF4, suggesting that miR-221-3p might be a novel potential candidate for clinical prognosis and therapeutics of EOC.

[Effect of lumbrokinase on patients with acute and moderate risk pulmonary thromboembolism].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of lumbrokinase in the treatment of acute and moderate risk pulmonary thromboembolism.
 Methods: The clinical data of 60 patients with acute and moderate risk pulmonary thromboembolism, who were collected from January 2010 to October 2015 in Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different treatments, 60 patients were randomly divided into a lumbrokinase group (lumbrokinase in combination with low molecular heparin and sequential warfarin, n=30) and a control group (low molecular heparin and sequential warfarin, n=30). The clinical efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups.
 Results: Compared with the control group, maximum short axis, ratio of right and left ventricles, systolic pulmonary artery pressure, and the main pulmonary artery diameter in the lumbrokinase group were significant changed after the treatment for 10, 20 and 30 d. NT-proBNP level in the lumbrokinase group after the treatment for 10, 20 and 30 d was significantly reduced than that in the the control group (P<0.05). However, the value of PO2 significantly increased after 10, 20 and 30 d, and there was no significant difference between 20 d and 30 d (P>0.05). D-dimer in the two groups was obviously increased after treatment for 10 d, but it was significantly reduced after treatment for 20 d or 30 d (P<0.05). The clinical efficacy of the lumbrokinase group was better than that in the control group, with significant difference (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: Combination of lumbrokinase with low molecular heparin and sequential warfarin is a safe and efficient strategy in treating the patients with acute and moderate risk pulmonary thromboembolism. It is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

[Expression profile of long non-coding RNA in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
 Methods: lncRNA-mRNA microarray was conducted on the liver tissue samples from 10 patients with simple gallbladder stone (5 NAFLD liver samples and 5 normal liver samples), and the differentially expressed lncRNA was analyzed by bioinformatics technology.
 Results: Compared with the normal liver samples, there were abnormal expression of 1 735 lncRNAs and 1 485 mRNAs in NAFLD liver samples. Among them, 535 lncRNAs and 760 mRNAs were up-regulated, 1 200 lncRNAs and 725 mRNAs were down-regulated.
 Conclusion: Compared with normal liver, the expression of lncRNA in NAFLD tissues is obviously abnormal. These lncRNAs may play an important role in the occurrence and development of NAFLD.

MicroRNA-222-3p/GNAI2/AKT axis inhibits epithelial ovarian cancer cell growth and associates with good overall survival.

Ovarian carcinoma is the most lethal gynecologic tumor worldwide. Despite having developed molecular diagnostic tools and targeted therapies over the past few decades, patient survival is still quite poor. Numerous studies suggest that microRNAs are key regulators of many fundamental biological processes, including neoplasia and tumor progression. miR-222 is one of those miRNAs that has attracted much attention for its multiple roles in human diseases, especially cancer. The potential role of microRNAs in ovarian cancer has attracted much attention in recent years. Some of these microRNAs have been suggested as potential therapeutic targets for EOC patients. In this study, we sought to investigate the biologic functions of miR-222-3p in EOC carcinogenesis. Herein, we examined the expression of miR-222-3p in EOC patients, mouse models and cell lines, and found that higher expression of miR-222-3p was associated with better overall survival in EOC patients, and its level was negatively correlated with tumor growth in vivo. Furthermore, in-vitro experiments indicated that miR-222-3p inhibited EOC cell proliferation and migration, and decreased the phosphorylation of AKT. We identified GNAI2 as a target of miR-222-3p. We also found that GNAI2 promoted EOC cell proliferation, and is an activator of the PI3K/AKT pathway. We describe the characterization of a novel regulatory axis in ovarian cancer cells, miR-222-3p/GNAI2/AKT and its potential application as a therapeutic target for EOC patients.