U-shaped association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and the prevalence of asthma in the overweight and obese U.S. population.

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D supplementation has shown promise in averting asthma. However, the association between 25(OH)D levels and asthma prevention in various demographic groups remains inconclusive. Here, we explore this relationship in the context of overweight and obese individuals in the United States. METHODS: We scrutinized cross-sectional data derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2007 and 2018. This dataset encompasses comprehensive information about asthma patients with a body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2, in addition to data regarding 25(OH)D concentration and other pertinent variables. Among the 3889 participants, 16.2% (631/3889) reported a history of asthma, constituting 1765 (45.4%) males and 2124 (54.6%) females. The median age was 56.0 years, with a standard deviation of 16.0 years. We conducted restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis to assess the correlation between 25(OH)D levels and asthma. RESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, compared to individuals with lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration (group1 ≤ 46.6 nmol/L), the adjusted odds ratios (OR) for asthma in group2 (46.7-62 nmol/L), group3 (62.1-78.2 nmol/L), and group4 (≥78.3 nmol/L) were 0.68 (95% CI: 0.49-0.94, p < 0.021), 0.65 (95% CI: 0.47-0.88, p < 0.006), and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.61-1.12, p < 0.22), respectively. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis revealed a nonlinear U-shaped curve (p = 0.017) with an inflection point at approximately 84.95 nmol/L. CONCLUSIONS: High levels of 25(OH)D are correlated with a diminished prevalence of asthma among overweight and obese individuals in the United States.

Vitamin D supplementation may reduce the incidence of asthma in the overweight and obese individuals.A u-shaped association was observed between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and asthma, with an inflection point of 84.95 nmol/L.Presenting supportive evidence for vitamin D supplementation in the overweight and obese individuals.

Enantiomer-selective magnetization of conglomerates for quantitative chiral separation.

Selective crystallization represents one of the most economical and convenient methods to provide large-scale optically pure chiral compounds. Although significant development has been achieved since Pasteur's separation of sodium ammonium tartrate in 1848, this method is still fundamentally low efficient (low transformation ratio or high labor). Herein, we describe an enantiomer-selective-magnetization strategy for quantitatively separating the crystals of conglomerates by using a kind of magnetic nano-splitters. These nano-splitters would be selectively wrapped into the S-crystals, leading to the formation of the crystals with different physical properties from that of R-crystals. As a result of efficient separation under magnetic field, high purity chiral compounds (99.2 ee% for R-crystals, 95.0 ee% for S-crystals) can be obtained in a simple one-step crystallization process with a high separation yield (95.1%). Moreover, the nano-splitters show expandability and excellent recyclability. We foresee their great potential in developing chiral separation methods used on different scales.

Induced Circular Dichroism of Isotactic Poly(2-vinylpyridine) with Diverse and Tunable "Sergeants-and-Soldiers" Type Chiral Amplification.

Facile and efficient construction of the helical structure with diverse and tunable chiral amplification from an achiral polymer is attractive but remains a challenge to develop multiple functional materials. We report herein a macromolecular acid-base complex of highly isotactic poly(2-vinylpyridine) (mmmm > 99%), (+)-camphorsulfonic acid, and dodecylbenzensulfonic acid. The asymmetric induction of the chiral additive through the ionic interactions between pyridinium pendants and acid ions drives the polymer backbone to twist in a preferred direction in CHCl3 and its mixture with CH3CN. The sign and intensity of induced circular dichroism rely on the base to acid ratio, the chiral acid content, and the solvent nature. By systematically tuning the solvent composition, four distinct types of "sergeants-and-soldiers" mode chiral amplification are achieved for the first time within a single system owing to the solvent dependent bias of chiral-chiral and chiral-achiral ion pairs.