Salvage liver transplantation versus curative treatment for patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Salvage liver transplantation (SLT) is an effective treatment option for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) following primary curative treatment (CUR). However, its efficacy remains controversial compared to that of CURs, including repeat liver resection (RLR) and local ablation. This meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of these procedures. METHODS: A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for studies investigating SLT and CUR was performed. Outcome data, including overall and disease-free survival, tumor response, and operative and postoperative outcomes, were independently extracted and analyzed by two authors using a standardized protocol. RESULTS: Fifteen cohort studies comprising 508 and 2050 patients with rHCC, who underwent SLT or CUR, respectively, were included. SLT achieved significantly longer overall survival than both CUR (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.56, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.68; I2 = 34.6 %, p = 0.105) and RLR (HR: 0.64, 95 % CI: 0.49-0.84; I2 = 0.0 %, p = 0.639). Similar significantly better survival benefits were observed compared with CUR (HR: 0.30, 95 % CI: 0.20-0.45; I2 = 51.1 %, p = 0.038) or RLR (HR: 0.31, 95 % CI: 0.18-0.56; I2 = 65.7 %, p = 0.005) regarding disease-free survival. However, SLT resulted in a longer operative duration and hospital stay, larger amount of blood loss, higher rate of transfusion and postoperative morbidity, and slightly higher postoperative mortality than CUR. CONCLUSION: SLT was associated with better long-term survival than CUR or RLR in patients with rHCC after primary curative treatment.

Adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency in a Chinese patient: Report of one novel mutation and literature review.

OBJECTIVE: Through a case of deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2) to improve domestic clinicians' understanding of the disease, and to review the literature, promote dermatologists for clinical secondary primary lesion diagnosis. METHOD: Analysis of a case diagnosed with DADA2 deficiency of clinical manifestations, laboratory, imaging examination and treatment methods, and discussion through literature analysis. RESULTS: The child with recurrent fever, limbs nodular erythema, gradually in the limbs. CT of lower limb skin showed mild edema of the spinous layer, intact basal layer, dilated vascular congestion in the superficial dermis, visible RBC extravasation, and changes of telangiectasia ring purpura were considered. Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a left choroidal cleft cyst. Genetic test was the CECR1 mutation. The treatment with adalimumab was effective. CONCLUSION: In this case, DADA2 is the seventh case in China, and the CECR1 mutation site (c.254A> T p.N85I,c.851G>T p. G284V) was a compound heterozygous mutation. Mastering the clinical characteristics is helpful for clinicians to diagnose this disease.

Sources, Degradation, Ingestion and Effects of Microplastics on Humans: A Review.

Celluloid, the predecessor to plastic, was synthesized in 1869, and due to technological advancements, plastic products appear to be ubiquitous in daily life. The massive production, rampant usage, and inadequate disposal of plastic products have led to severe environmental pollution. Consequently, reducing the employment of plastic has emerged as a pressing concern for governments globally. This review explores microplastics, including their origins, absorption, and harmful effects on the environment and humans. Several methods exist for breaking down plastics, including thermal, mechanical, light, catalytic, and biological processes. Despite these methods, microplastics (MPs, between 1 and 5 mm in size) continue to be produced during degradation. Acknowledging the significant threat that MPs pose to the environment and human health is imperative. This form of pollution is pervasive in the air and food and infiltrates our bodies through ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. It is essential to assess the potential hazards that MPs can introduce. There is evidence suggesting that MPs may have negative impacts on different areas of human health. These include the respiratory, gastrointestinal, immune, nervous, and reproductive systems, the liver and organs, the skin, and even the placenta and placental barrier. It is encouraging to see that most of the countries have taken steps to regulate plastic particles. These measures aim to reduce plastic usage, which is essential today. At the same time, this review summarizes the degradation mechanism of plastics, their impact on human health, and plastic reduction policies worldwide. It provides valuable information for future research on MPs and regulatory development.

Efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization plus lenvatinib with or without programmed death-1 inhibitors in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Programmed death-1 inhibitors plus lenvatinib and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) (P-L-T) is a novel combination strategy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of P-L-T compared with lenvatinib and TACE (L-T) therapy in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: A systematic literature search of the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases for studies investigating P-L-T therapy was performed. Data regarding outcome data, including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), tumor response, and adverse events (AEs), were independently extracted by two authors using a standardized protocol. RESULTS: Eight cohort studies comprising 847 patients (P-L-T: 416, L-T: 431) were included in the meta-analysis. The P-L-T group exhibited significantly longer OS (hazard ratio (Page et al.) 0.51 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42-0.62]; I2 = 9.8%; p = 0.354] and PFS (HR 0.51 [95% CI 0.43-0.61]; I2 = 0%; p = 0.824), and higher objective response rate (risk ratio [RR] 1.54 [95% CI 1.33-1.78]; I2 = 0%, p = 0.858]) and disease control rate (RR 1.27 [95% CI 1.17-1.38]; I2 = 17.3%; p = 0.467). Grade 3/4 AEs were more prevalent in the P-L-T group, including hypertension (RR 1.91 [95% CI 1.16-3.15]), vomiting or nausea (RR 2.29 [95% CI 1.01-5.19]), and hypothyroidism (RR 12.21 [95% CI 1.63-91.23]). CONCLUSION: Compared with L-T combination therapy, P-L-T demonstrated a significant advantage in terms of OS, PFS, objective response rate, disease control rate, and manageable AEs.

Surface Self-Transforming FeTi-LDH Overlayer in Fe2 O3 /Fe2 TiO5 Photoanode for Improved Water Oxidation.

Integrating hematite nanostructures with efficient layer double hydroxides (LDHs) is highly desirable to improve the photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation performance. Here, an innovative and facile strategy is developed to fabricate the FeTi-LDH overlayer decorated Fe2 O3 /Fe2 TiO5 photoanode via a surface self-transformation induced by the co-treatment of hydrazine and NaOH at room temperature. Electrochemical measurements find that this favorable structure can not only facilitate the charge transfer/separation at the electrode/electrolyte interface but also accelerate the surface water oxidation kinetics. Consequently, the as-obtained Fe2 O3 /Fe2 TiO5 /LDH photoanode exhibits a remarkably increased photocurrent density of 3.54 mA cm-2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) accompanied by an obvious cathodic shift (≈140 mV) in the onset potential. This work opens up a new and effective pathway for the design of high-performance hematite photoanodes toward efficient PEC water oxidation.

Chemical constituents from Paris rugosa rhizomes and their antimicrobial activities / 中国中药杂志

Paris rugosa(Melanthiaceae) only grows in Yunnan province of China at present, and its chemical constituents have not been systematically studied. In this study, nine compounds, including one new compound pariposide G(1) and eight known compounds of cerin(2), stigmast-4-en-3-one(3), β-ecdysone(4), ophiopogonin C'(5), methyl protogracillin(6), gracillin(7), parissaponin H(8), and parisyunnanoside G(9), were isolated and identified from the ethanol extract of P. rugosa rhizomes by column chromatography methods and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Compounds 1-9 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of all the compounds were evaluated. The results showed that ophiopogonin C' had strong inhibitory effects on Candida albicans [MIC_(90)=(4.68±0.01) μmol·L~(-1)] and the fluconazole-resistant strain of C. albicans [MIC_(90)=(4.66±0.02) μmol·L~(-1)].

Fabrication method for a magnetically induced highly oriented nanohydroxyapatite/collagen composite.

Both collagen fibres and nanohydroxyapatite crystals have anisotropic magnetisation, which allows them to be oriented by a high magnetic field. Highly oriented nanohydroxyapatite/collagen composites were prepared using a high magnetic field combined with in situ synthesis. These highly oriented composites were investigated and compared with conventional composites. The results showed that the collagen fibres in the magnetically induced highly oriented nanohydroxyapatite/collagen composites had a preferred orientation and smaller molecular spacing, while the nanohydroxyapatite crystals were tightly adhered along the collagen fibre surface. The magnetically induced composites exhibited superior resistance to swelling and degradation along with high compressive strength. This artificial composite, with a structure and composition similar to natural bone, represents a new idea for improving materials for vertical or horizontal bone augmentation.

A Stable 3d-4f Heterometallic Cluster with Magneto-Optical Activity.

A stable 3d-4f heterometallic cluster, namely, {Dy4Ni5L10(NO3)4(CO3)4(CH3OH)2}·CH3CN (Dy4Ni5, HL = 8-hydroxyquinoline), has been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. The compound exhibits an interesting structure in which a tetrahedron based on 4f ions interpenetrates with a square pyramid based on 3d ions. Besides, a unique intermolecular interaction was found in Dy4Ni5, giving rise to its high stability not only when it is in the solid state but also when it dissolves in organic solvents. In addition, the magnetic behavior of solid Dy4Ni5 and the magneto-optical activity of the Dy4Ni5 solution were also studied.

Molecular cloning and functional characterization of an isoflavone glucosyltransferase from Pueraria thomsonii / 中国天然药物

Pueraria thomsonii has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine. Isoflavonoids are the principle pharmacologically active components, which are primarily observed as glycosyl-conjugates and accumulate in P. thomsonii roots. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the glycosylation processes in (iso)flavonoid biosynthesis have not been thoroughly elucidated. In the current study, an O-glucosyltransferase (PtUGT8) was identified in the medicinal plant P. thomsonii from RNA-seq database. Biochemical assays of the recombinant PtUGT8 showed that it was able to glycosylate chalcone (isoliquiritigenin) at the 4-OH position and glycosylate isoflavones (daidzein, formononetin, and genistein) at the 7-OH or 4'-OH position, exhibiting no enzyme activity to flavonones (liquiritigenin and narigenin) in vitro. The identification of PtUGT8 may provide a useful enzyme catalyst for efficient biotransformation of isoflavones and other natural products for food or pharmacological applications.

Recent advances in drug development targeting bile acids transporters and related disease / 药学学报

Bile acids (BAs) are a major component of bile salt, which plays a vital role in the metabolism of lipids in humans. Ninety-five percent of bile acids are recycled by the enterohepatic circulation (EHC), and therefore EHC is essential for bile acid homeostasis. There are four transporters that mediate the transmembrane transport of bile acids, each of which plays an important role in the enterohepatic circulation. Gene defects in bile acid transporters can lead to disorders of the enterohepatic circulation, ultimately leading to clinical phenotypes such as metabolic diseases and even death. Bile transporter expression is altered in patients with various metabolic disease states, suggesting that disruption of bile acid transporters may be a pivotal pathological mechanism for the development of metabolism diseases. Thus, many drugs targeting bile acid transporters are being developed. We provide a concise overview of the progress of bile acid transporters research, discuss the relationship between different bile acid transporters and disease development, and summarize the current progress in drug development targeting bile acid transporters.

Progressive symmetric erythematous keratosis with symptoms: a case report and literature analysis / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the associated symptoms of progressive symmetrical erythema keratosis (PSEK) and the related literature was reviewed.Methods:Two Mongolian PSEK families in the dermatology department of the People′s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2016 to 2017 were collected, and 40 complete PSEK families and 156 sporadic cases at home and abroad published since 1980 to 2020 were searched by using the database to analyze the concomitant symptoms of PSEK.Results:A total of 40 complete PSEK families were included, including 714 cases. The incidence of PSEK was 57.38% in foreign countries and 37.42% in China; The most common concomitant symptoms abroad were palmoplantar keratosis (PPK), followed by nail changes, neurological symptoms, dysplasia, combined with variable erythema keratosis (EKV), and the concomitant symptoms were more serious; The most common concomitant symptoms in China were nail changes, followed by PPK, damp hyperhidrosis, pruritus, pain and some skin diseases, and the concurrent symptoms were mild.Conclusions:PSEK has many associated symptoms and the molecular genetic mechanism is still unclear. It is necessary to conduct a more comprehensive and in-depth study and understanding of the disease through the development of sequencing technology and the expansion of clinical cases.

Clinical Outcomes of Primary Posterior Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorhexis in Postvitrectomy Cataract Eyes.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and outcomes of primary posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (PPCCC) combined with phacoemulsification in postvitrectomy eyes. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Twenty-one postvitrectomy eyes of 21 patients with cataract between April 2017 and December 2019 were enrolled. PPCCC through the cornea incision was performed before in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation. All patients were followed up for at least 3 months postoperatively. The outcome measures were corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal endothelium cell counts (CECC), central macular thickness (CMT), the occurrence of intraoperative or postoperative complications, and the incidence of posterior capsular opacification (PCO). RESULTS: The mean age was 56.14 ± 9.76 years (ranging from 31 to 68). The mean Snellen CDVA was 20/400 preoperatively and improved to 20/67 postoperatively (P < 0.001). No significant differences were found between IOP (P = 0.96) and CMT (P = 0.42) preoperatively and postoperatively. The mean CECC was 2571.8 ± 319.3 cells/mm2 preoperatively and 2498.2 ± 346.3 cells/mm2 postoperatively (P < 0.05). Lens epithelium cells proliferation was confined to the peripheral capsular bag during a mean follow-up of 12.9 ± 10.5 months (ranging from 3 to 28 months). Intraoperative posterior capsule extension occurred in 1 eye (4%), although it did not affect the patient's vision. No serious complications, including retinal detachment or endophthalmitis, were detected in any of the 21 cases. CONCLUSION: PPCCC through cornea incision combined with phacoemulsification may be a safe and practical alternative to prevent PCO in postvitrectomy eyes with cataract.

Participation of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channel in the zona pellucida- and progesterone-induced acrosome reaction and calcium influx in human spermatozoa / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

The acrosome reaction is a prerequisite for fertilization, and its signaling pathway has been investigated for decades. Regardless of the type of inducers present, the acrosome reaction is ultimately mediated by the elevation of cytosolic calcium. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channels are important components of the acrosome reaction signaling pathway and have been confirmed by several researchers. In this study, we used a novel permeabilization tool BioPORTER® and first demonstrated its effectiveness in spermatozoa. The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type-1 receptor antibody was introduced into spermatozoa by BioPORTER® and significantly reduced the calcium influx and acrosome reaction induced by progesterone, solubilized zona pellucida, and the calcium ionophore A23187. This finding indicates that the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate type-1 receptor antibody is a valid inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor inhibitor and provides evidence of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channel involvement in the acrosome reaction in human spermatozoa. Moreover, we demonstrated that the transfer of 1,4,5-trisphosphate into spermatozoa induced acrosome reactions, which provides more reliable evidence for this process. In addition, by treating the spermatozoa with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/BioPORTER® in the presence or absence of calcium in the culture medium, we showed that the opening of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated calcium channels led to extracellular calcium influx. This particular extracellular calcium influx may be the major process of the final step of the acrosome reaction signaling pathway.

Analysis of genomic SSRs in Pueraria lobata and P. thomsonii and establishment of DNA identity card for different germplasms of P. thomsonii of Jiangxi province / 中国中药杂志

The type and frequency of simple sequence repeats( SSRs) in the genomes was investigated using the DNA sequence data of Pueraria lobata and P. thomsonii. Based on these SSRs,20 pairs of SSR primers were designed and 5 high polymorphism primer pairs were selected to analyze genetic diversity of 9 cultivars of P. thomsonii in Jiangxi province. The results showed that the 5 pairs of primers could generate 16 polymorphic alleles bands. The average polymorphism information content( PIC) of each SSR primer pair was 0. 600 7.According to the genetic similarity coefficients,the 9 cultivars of P. thomsonii can be classified into 6 germplasms. This study established DNA identity cards with 5 pairs of SSR primers for different germplasm resources of P. thomsonii in Jiangxi province,which provided reference information for the selection of fine germplasms of P. thomsonii and the theoretical basis for the study of Dao-di herbs.

Effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children: a Meta analysis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To systematically review the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children.@*METHODS@#RevMan5.3 was used to perform a Meta analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children published between January 2008 and May 2018 across the world. A subgroup analysis was conducted according to the type of probiotics for intervention, follow-up time, time of probiotic supplementation, and study areas.@*RESULTS@#A total of 22 articles were selected, with 3 280 cases in the intervention group and 3 281 cases in the control group. The results of pooled effect size showed that probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and/or infancy significantly reduced the incidence rate of atopic dermatitis (RR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.70-0.93, P2 years (RR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.61-0.90, P<0.05); probiotic supplementation had a significant effect in Australia (RR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.73-0.96, P<0.05) and Europe/the United States (RR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.61-0.91, P<0.05). Heterogeneity was mainly due to follow-up time (I=62.7%) and time of probiotic supplementation (I=53.5%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy helps to prevent atopic dermatitis in children, and mixed Lactobacillus-Bifidobacterium intervention has a better effect.

Transvaginal Reduction of a Heterotopic Cornual Pregnancy with Conservation of Intrauterine Pregnancy / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Here we report a case of heterotopic cornual pregnancy after fertilization who was diagnosed at 6 weeks after frozen embryos transfer. The heterotopic pregnancy was successfully terminated by transvaginal ultrasound-guided selective fetal reduction. At 38+1 weeks, she underwent a cesarean section and delivered a healthy 3300 g male infant with Apgar score of 10-10' evaluated at 1 min and 5 min.

Chemical constituents from the roots tuber of Aconitum ouvrardianum / 中成药

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the roots tuber of Aconitum ouvrardianum H..METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction of methy extract from A.ouvrardianum roots tuber was isolated and purified by silica,aluminium oxide column,Sephadex LH-20,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as kongboendine (1),anisoezochasmaconitine (2),lipo-14-O-anisoylbikhaconine (3),franchetine (4),talatisamine (5),chasmanine (6),crassicauline A (7),chasmaconitine (8),14-dehydrotalatisamine (9),lipoindaconitine (10),indaconitine (11),yunaconitine (12),lipoyunaconitine (13),liljestrandisine (14),transconitine B (15),ouvrardiantine (16),atropurpursine (17),8-deacetylyunaconitine (18).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-4,9-10,13,15,17 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Treatment of Acute Purulent Dacryocystitis by Early Bicanalicular Silicone Intubation: Safety, Efficacy, and Outcomes.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and outcomes of early bicanalicular silicone intubation in the treatment of acute purulent dacryocystitis. METHODS: This prospective interventional case series focused on acute purulent dacryocystitis from February 2010 to March 2014. Of the 21 cases, 16 cases were treated at the Fujian Provincial Hospital, and five cases were treated at the Lianjiang Hospital. Bicanalicular silicone intubation was inserted in the original lacrimal duct within 10 days after abscess decompression by pus aspiration method and systemic antibiotic application. Data collection included demographic profiles, perioperative and postoperative complications, and revision surgery. Resolution of signs and symptoms of acute purulent dacryocystitis, as well as successful anatomical patency assessed by irrigation, was evaluated. Follow-up times were more than 12 months, and ranged from 14 to 63 months. RESULTS: All patients showed remarkable improvement of pain and swelling within 48 hours. Resolution of the erythema and edema was observed within one week after bicanalicular silicone intubation combined with topical antibiotic lavage. No intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed. After initial bicanalicular silicone intubation, anatomical success was observed in 66.7% (14/21) of the patients. Of the remaining seven patients who presented with severe reflux in irrigation, two patients chose re-intubation and five patients underwent standard external dacryocystorhinostomy. All patients had anatomical success at last follow-up. CONCLUSION: Early bicanalicular silicone intubation appears to be a safe, effective, and simple procedure, which offers a reasonable option in the treatment of acute purulent dacryocystitis, especially for those developing and underdeveloped areas.

Geographical distribution of Chinese herbalists：causes of four distribution centers about Huizhou, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Suzhou / 中国中药杂志

Based on the "Zhong Guo Ben Cao Yao Ji Kao", Chinese herbalists in past dynasties were counted and analyzed by their living period,numbers and native places. Combined with GIS, the geographical distribution and the formation causes of the four distribution centers of herbalists in past dynasties were discussed. The results showed that, there was a greater difference between the numbers of herbalists in different periods of time, which achieved to the peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In addition, the distribution of herbalists in past dynasties characterized east more and west less, forming the distribution areas centered by Huizhou, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Suzhou. Besides, the geographical distributions of Chinese herbalists showed an obvious southward trend since the Song Dynasty.

Finite element analysis of the biomechanical characteristics of ankylosing kyphosis osteotomy using the vertebral column decancellation and the vertebral column resection / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Patients with severe ankylosing kyphosis are often treated with orthopedic osteotomy, but with high surgical risk, treatment schemes are individualized, and the biological morphology and mechanical properties of the deformed spine are complex. Meanwhile, the finite element model is more adaptable for biomechanical analysis of the spinal deformity. However, its application in the treatment of ankylosing kyphosis in China was little reported.OBJECTIVE: To establish an ankylosing kyphosis finite element model so as to investigate the relationship between different osteotomy methods and the deformation and stress distribution of the spine.METHODS: A three-dimensional finite element model of ankylosing kyphosis was established, and then imported into ANASYS software, to simulate vertebral column decancellation and vertebral column resection at T12 and L1 levels,respectively. The vertebrae and screw were loaded with the same load, and deformation and stress nephograms were obtained.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The deformation of the osteotomy at T12 level was significantly larger than that at L1 level. (2) The stress distribution of the decancellation osteotomy concentrated on the pedicle screw and titanium bar; the stress concentration of vertebral column resection was the intervertebral cage. (3) Individualized surgical treatment of ankylosing kyphosis may influence the selection of the osteotomy segment and osteotomy operation. The osteotomy segment may affect the stability of the spine, and stress distribution of internal fixation is likely related to the method of internal fixation. (4) This conclusion may provide theoretical reference for the biomechanical study of analysing ankylosing kyphosis.