[Antibiotic use in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants in 15 hospitals in Jiangsu Province of China: a multicenter survey]. / 江苏省15家医院极低/è¶ ä½Žå‡ºç”Ÿä½“é‡å„¿æŠ—ç”Ÿç´ ä½¿ç”¨çŽ°çŠ¶è°ƒæŸ¥.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the current status of antibiotic use in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants in Jiangsu Province of China, and to provide a clinical basis for the quality and improvement of antibiotic management in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the data on general conditions and antibiotic use in the very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants who were admitted to 15 hospitals of Jiangsu Province from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. A questionnaire containing 10 measures to reduce antibiotic use was designed to investigate the implementation of these intervention measures. RESULTS: A total of 1 920 very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants were enrolled, among whom 1 846 (96.15%) were treated with antibiotic, and the median antibiotic use rate (AUR) was 50/100 patient-days. The AUR ranged from 24/100 to 100/100 patient-days in the 15 hospitals. After adjustment for the confounding factors including gestational age, birth weight, and neonatal critical score, the Poisson regression analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the adjusted AUR (aAUR) among the hospitals (P<0.01). The investigation results showed that among the 10 measures to reduce antibiotic use, 8 measures were implemented in less than 50% of these hospitals, and the number of intervention measures implemented was negatively correlated with aAUR (rs=-0.564, P=0.029). CONCLUSIONS: There is a high AUR among the very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants in the 15 hospitals of Jiangsu Province, with a significant difference among hospitals. The hospitals implementing a relatively few measures to reduce antibiotic use tend to have a high AUR. It is expected to reduce AUR in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight infants by promoting the quality improvement of antibiotic use management in the NICU.

Mesoscale simulation on patterned nanotube model for amphiphilic block copolymer.

Self-assembly of AB diblock copolymer confined in concentric-cylindrical nanopores was studied using MesoDyn simulation. Our calculation shows that in this confined geometry a zoo of exotic structures can be formed. These structures include bicontinuous phases like carbon nanotube, imperfect single helixes and double helixes. Moreover, the dependence of the chain conformation on the volume fraction, concentration, the interactions between blocks and the diameter of the cylindrical pore are investigated. The results of these simulations can be used to predict the diblock copolymer morphologies confined in concentric-cylindrical nanopores and should be helpful in designing polymeric nanomaterials in the future.