[Study on chemical components of Hypericum himalaicum and mechanism of anti-inflammatory based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology].

The chemical constituents of ethyl acetate from Hypericum himalaicum were isolated by silica gel column chromatography, gel column chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography. The structure of the isolated compounds was identified by modern spectral techniques(NMR, MS, IR, and UV), and the potential anti-inflammatory targets and action pathways were analyzed and predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking methods.Ten compounds were isolated from H. himalaicum and identified as 5,9,11-trihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-3H,8H-benzo[6,7][1,4]dioxepino[2,3-f]chromen-8-one(1), betulinic acid(2), demethyltorosaflavone C(3), kaempferol(4), quercetin(5), hyperwightin B(6), toxyloxanthone B(7), 1,7-dihydroxy-xanthone(8), emodin(9), and 1,7-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-xanthone(10). Among them, compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2-10 were isolated from H. himalaicum for the first time. Network pharmacology screened 60 key anti-inflammatory targets. By acting on TNF, AKT1, CASP3, and other key targets, involving PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and other signaling pathways, and phosphorylation, cell migration and movement, protein tyrosine kinase, and other biological processes were regulated to achieve anti-inflammatory effects. The results of molecular docking show that the above components have good binding properties with the core targets.

Clinical observation of gastrointestinal function recovery in patients after hepatobiliary surgery.

BACKGROUND: The liver is an important metabolic and digestive organ in the human body, capable of producing bile, clotting factors, and vitamins. AIM: To investigate the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients after hepatobiliary surgery and identify effective rehabilitation measures. METHODS: A total of 200 patients who underwent hepatobiliary surgery in our hospital in 2022 were selected as the study subjects. They were divided into a control group and a study group based on the extent of the surgery, with 100 patients in each group. The control group received routine treatment, while the study group received targeted interventions, including early enteral nutrition support, drinking water before gas discharge, and large bowel enema, to promote postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery. The recovery of gastrointestinal function was compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, patients in the study group had better recovery of bowel sounds and less accumulation of fluids in the liver bed and gallbladder fossa (P < 0.05). They also had shorter time to gas discharge and first meal (P < 0.05), higher overall effective rate of gastrointestinal function recovery (P < 0.05), and lower incidence of postoperative complications (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Targeted nursing interventions (early nutritional support, drinking water before gas discharge, and enema) can effectively promote gastrointestinal function recovery in patients undergoing hepatobiliary surgery and reduce the incidence of complications, which is worthy of promotion.

[A new xanthone from Hypericum lagarocladum].

Repeated silica gel column chromatography, reversed-phase C_(18) column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and semi-preparative medium pressure liquid chromatography were performed to separate and purify the chemical constituents of Hypericum lagarocladum. Spectroscopic methods such as mass spectrometry(MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) combined with physicochemical properties were adopted in identifying the structure of the isolated compounds. Ten compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of H. lagarocladum and identified as lagarxanthone A(1), 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone(2), 3,4,5-trihydroxyxanthone(3), 2,7-dihydroxy-1-methoxyxanthone(4), 1,3-dihydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone(5), 1,5-dihydroxy-8-methoxyxanthone(6), 3,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyxanthone(7), 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone(8), 2,3-dimethoxyxanthone(9), and 2,3,4-trimethoxyxanthone(10). Among them, compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2-10 were isolated from this plant for the first time. These ten compounds were tested for glucose uptake in L6 cells, and the results showed that all the compounds had no significant effect on glucose uptake.

Symbiotic bacteria attenuate Drosophila oviposition repellence to alkaline through acidification.

Metazoans harbor a wealth of symbionts that are ever-changing the environment by taking up resources and/or excreting metabolites. One such common environmental modification is a change in pH. Conventional wisdom holds that symbionts facilitate the survival and production of their hosts in the wild, but this notion lacks empirical evidence. Here, we report that symbiotic bacteria in the genus Enterococcus attenuate the oviposition avoidance of alkaline environments in Drosophila. We studied the effects of alkalinity on oviposition preference for the first time, and found that flies are robustly disinclined to oviposit on alkali-containing substrates. This innate repulsion to alkaline environments is explained, in part, by the fact that alkalinity compromises the health and lifespan of both offspring and parent Drosophila. Enterococcus dramatically diminished or even completely reversed the ovipositional avoidance of alkalinity in Drosophila. Mechanistically, Enterococcus generate abundant lactate during fermentation, which neutralizes the residual alkali in an egg-laying substrate. In conclusion, Enterococcus protects Drosophila from alkali stress by acidifying the ovipositional substrate, and ultimately improves the fitness of the Drosophila population. Our results demonstrate that symbionts are profound factors in the Drosophila ovipositional decision, and extend our understanding of the intimate interactions between Drosophila and their symbionts.

[Pollution Level and Sources of Organic Phosphorus Esters in Airborne PM2.5 in Chengdu City].

Organic phosphorus esters ( OPEs ) in atmospheric PM2.5 in Chengdu city was quantitatively determined by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The distribution characteristic was discussed, back trajectory model and correlation analysis were used to study the sources of OPEs in PM2.5 in Chengdu city. The results showed that the annual average concentration of Σ7OPEs in atmospheric PM2.5 in Chengdu city was 6.46 ng x m(-3) for the urban site and was 9.38 ng x m(-3) for the suburb site. Due to the waste material recycling industries in the suburb area and the perennial dominant wind direction in Chengdu, the concentration of Σ7OPEs at suburb site was higher than that at urban site (P = 0.013). The atmospheric mixed degree influenced the distribution of OPEs in rural and urban area. The source of Σ7OPEs in atmospheric PM2.5 in Chengdu city was mainly from endogenous pollution which was mainly affected by the local sources around the samoling sites. while the contribution of the exogenous pollution was small.

Cyclin O regulates germinal vesicle breakdown in mouse oocytes.

It is well accepted that oocyte meiotic resumption is mainly regulated by the maturation-promoting factor (MPF), which is composed of cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDC2). Maturation-promoting factor activity is regulated by the expression level of CCNB1, phosphorylation of CDC2, and their germinal vesicle (GV) localization. In addition to CCNB1, cyclin O (CCNO) is highly expressed in oocytes, but its biological functions are still not clear. By employing short interfering RNA microinjection of GV-stage oocytes, we found that Ccno knockdown inhibited CDC2 (Tyr15) dephosphorylation and arrested oocytes at the GV stage. To rescue meiotic resumption, cell division cycle 25 B kinase (Cdc25b) and Ccnb1 were overexpressed in the Ccno knockdown oocytes. Unexpectedly, we found that Ccno knockdown did not affect CDC25B entry into the GV, and overexpression of CDC25B was not able to rescue resumption of oocyte meiosis. However, GV breakdown (GVBD) was significantly increased after overexpression of Ccnb1 in Ccno knockdown oocytes, indicating that GVBD block caused by cyclin O knockdown can be rescued by cyclin B1 overexpression. We thus conclude that cyclin O, as an upstream regulator of MPF, plays an important role in oocyte meiotic resumption in mouse oocytes.

The effects of DNA double-strand breaks on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation.

Both endogenous and exogenous factors can induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in oocytes, which is a potential risk for human-assisted reproductive technology as well as animal nuclear transfer. Here we used bleomycin (BLM) and laser micro-beam dissection (LMD) to induce DNA DSBs in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes and compared the germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) rates and first polar body extrusion (PBE) rates between DNA DSB oocytes and untreated oocytes. Employing live cell imaging and immunofluorescence labeling, we observed the dynamics of DNA fragments during oocyte maturation. We also determined the cyclin B1 expression pattern in oocytes to analyze spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) activity in DNA DSB oocytes. We used parthenogenetic activation to determine if the DNA DSB oocytes could be activated. As a result, we found that the BLM- or LMD-induced DSB oocytes showed lower GVBD rates and took a longer time to undergo GVBD compared with untreated oocytes. PBE was also delayed in DSB oocytes, but once GVBD had occurred, PBE was not affected, even in oocytes with severe DSBs. Compared with control oocytes, the DSB oocytes showed higher SAC activity, as indicated by less Ccnb1-GFP degradation during metaphase I to anaphase I transition. Parthenogenetic activation could activate the metaphase to interphase transition in the DNA DSB mature oocytes, but many oocytes contained multiple pronuclei or numerous micronuclei. These data suggest that DNA damage inhibits or delays the G2/M transition, but once GVBD occurs, DNA-damaged oocytes can complete chromosome separation and polar body extrusion even under a higher SAC activity, causing the formation of numerous micronuclei in early embryos.

Whole transcriptome analysis of the effects of type I diabetes on mouse oocytes.

In mouse ovarian follicles, granulosa cells but not oocytes take up glucose to provide the oocyte with nourishments for energy metabolism. Diabetes-induced hyperglycemia or glucose absorption inefficiency consistently causes granulosa cell apoptosis and further exerts a series of negative impacts on oocytes including reduced meiosis resumption rate, low oocyte quality and preimplantation embryo degeneration. Here we compared the transcriptome of mouse oocytes from genetically derived NOD diabetic mice or chemically induced STZ diabetic mice with that of corresponding normal mice. Differentially expressed genes were extracted from the two diabetic models. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that genes associated with metabolic and developmental processes were differentially expressed in oocytes from both models of diabetes. In addition, NOD diabetes also affected the expression of genes associated with ovulation, cell cycle progression, and preimplantation embryo development. Notably, Dnmt1 expression was significantly down-regulated, but Mbd3 expression was up-regulated in diabetic mouse oocytes. Our data not only revealed the mechanisms by which diabetes affects oocyte quality and preimplantation embryo development, but also linked epigenetic hereditary factors with metabolic disorders in germ cells.

Adsorption intrinsic kinetics and isotherms of lead ions on steel slag.

Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the kinetics of adsorption of lead ions by steel slag on the basis of the external diffusion, intra-particle diffusion and adsorption reaction model (pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order). The results showed that the controlling step for the adsorption kinetics changed with the varying experimental parameters. When the particle size of steel slag was larger than 120 mesh, intra-particle diffusion of Pb(2+) was the controlling step, and when the initial concentration of Pb(2+) was less than 150 m gL(-1) or the shaking rate was lower than 150 rpm, external diffusion of Pb(2+) was promoted. Contrary to the former experimental conditions the adsorption reaction was the controlling step, and the adsorption followed second-order kinetics, with an adsorption rate constant of 13.26 g mg(-1)min(-1). The adsorption isotherm of Pb(2+) with steel slag followed the Langmuir model, with a correlation coefficient of 0.99.

[Research on the transformation of GBC-918 spectrophotometric data into text data].

This paper introduces the principle of designing resident program which can be used to obtain GBCUV screen pictures. First, the spectrophotometric data of refinery waste water, phenol and aniline were obtained by using GBCUV software. Second, the data mentioned above were transformed into text data with TXTSR.COM and TXZH.EXE. Finally, after the text data of refinery waste water were processed by Kalman filtering, the recoveries of phenol and aniline were in the range of 99.0%-103.8% and 97.8%-100.6% respectively. In conclusion, using this software can enlarge the application of GBC-918 and meet the need of modem spectral analysis.