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OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of generic drugs and original drugs of voriconazole. METHODS The information of patients who used voriconazole generic drugs selected in National Centralized Drug Procurement (generic drug group) or non-selected original drugs (original drug group) in the treatment of fungal infection was collected from the our hospital. The propensity score matching was carried out to eliminate bias. The comprehensive efficacy was evaluated according to clinical efficacy, image findings and microbiological test, and stratified analysis of different populations was conducted based on fungal species, underlying diseases, etc., the efficacy of different stratifications was evaluated. Evaluation of safety was performed by using the incidence of adverse reactions. The total cost, defined daily doses (DDDs) and defined daily dose cost (DDDc) were used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness. RESULTS A total of 436 patients were included, and there were 190 patients in each group after matching. In terms of efficacy, the effective rates of voriconazole generic drugs and original drugs were 62.63% and 59.47% (P=0.528); in terms of safety, the incidence of adverse reactions caused by generic drugs and original drugs of voriconazole was 13.68% and 7.89%, respectively(P=0.069). In terms of cost-effectiveness, the average total cost of generic drugs was 4 636.26 yuan, and that of original drugs was 8 613.20 yuan (P<0.001). After the implementation of National Centralized Drug Procurement, replacement rate of generic drugs increased to 87.30%, and DDDc decreased by 59.08%. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy and safety of voriconazole generic drugs are similar to those of original drugs in the treatment of fungal infection, and it is more cost-effective in terms of treatment cost.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of Shenqi Dihuang Decoction and Xiaochengqi Decoction enema combined with hemodialysis in the treatment of qi deficiency, blood stasis and dampness and turbidity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 5.Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 102 elderly CKD stage 5 patients with Qi and Yin deficiency and turbid poison inherent type were selected from May 2021 to January 2022 of the Beijing Longfu Hospital. The patients were divided into two groups by random number table method. Control group (51 cases) received hemodialysis treatment for 4 weeks, and the observation group (51 cases) received Shenqi Dihuang Decoction and Xiaochengqi Decoction enema combined with hemodialysis treatment for 4 weeks. The levels of BUN, SCr and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), and K +, Ca 2+, P 3- content, hemoglobin were detected by automatic blood cell analyzer, and serum CRP and IL-6 levels were detected by latex enhanced immune scattering turbidimetry. The adverse reactions during the treatment and evaluate the clinical efficacy were observed and recorded. Results:During the treatment, 2 patients in the observation group withdrew from the study due to severe diarrhea, and other patients completed the study. There were significant differences in total response rate between observation group and control group [91.84%(45/49) vs. 74.51%(38/51); χ2=5.32, P=0.002]. After treatment, scores of lumbar and knee acerbity, tiredness and fatigue, edema, dizziness and tinnitus, fear of cold and warm, yellow face, dry stool and total score in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=8.38, 13.44, 15.14, 13.09, 7.12, 7.73, 11.16, 11.45, P<0.01); the scores of SF-12-PCS and SF-12-MCS were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t=3.24, 4.22, P<0.01). After treatment, levels of serum BUN [(15.02±2.35)mmoL/L vs. (18.02±3.65)mmoL/L, t=4.87], SCr[(155.26±23.65) μmol/L vs. (184.49±35.49) μmol/L, t=4.83], β2-MG[(7.12±1.27)mg/L vs. (9.56±2.14)mg/L, t=6.90] and P 3-[(1.51±0.10) mmol/L vs. (2.02±0.19) mmol/L, t=16.70], K +[(3.65±0.54) mmol/L vs. (4.21±0.63)mmol/L, t=4.76] in observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01); Ca 2+[(1.86±0.36)mmol/L vs. (2.35±0.42)mmol/L, t=6.25] was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01). No adverse reactions occurred during the treatment in the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Shenqi Dihuang Decoction and Xiaochengqi Decoction enema and hemodialysis can improve renal function, correct electrolyte disorder, reduce the level of inflammatory factors, improve the quality of life, and improve the therapeutic effect of the patients with CKD stage 5 and Qi and Yin deficiency and turbid poison inherent pattern.
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Objective@#To evaluate the efficacy of fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan Decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin Manipulation (manipulation of balance and muscle tendon relaxing) in the treatment of chirospasm after stroke.@*Methods@#A total of 104 patients with chirospasm after stroke who metthe inclusion criteria from July 2016 to June 2018 were selectedand divided into tow groups with the digital table methodwith 52 cases in each group. The control group was given routine rehabilitation training while the observation group was given fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin manipulation based oncontrol group, and the two groups both were treated for 8 weeks. The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was used for chirospasm classification, and Key Point tabletop electromyography device was used to record the frequency, average amplitude and the shortest latency of F wave of median nerve. Fugl-Meyer motor function rating scale was used to evaluate hand motor function, and modified Barthel Index (BI) was used to evaluate life functionand clinical efficacy.@*Results@#The effective rate was 88.5% (46/52) in observation group and was 65.4% (34/52) in control group (χ2=7.800, P=0.005). After treatment, the frequency (15.11 ± 2.06 vs. 16.72 ± 1.95, t=4.093), average amplitude (0.52 ± 0.04 mV vs. 0.59 ± 0.05 mV, t=7.883) and the shortest latency (24.37 ± 2.85 ms vs. 25.88 ± 2.43 ms, t=2.907) of F wave in observation group were significantly lower than the control group (P<0.01). Fugl-Meyer hand function score (6.51 ± 1.45 vs. 5.09 ± 1.22, t=5.404) and BI index score (60.87 ± 5.16 vs. 56.54 ± 4.25, t=4.671) were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01). The distribution of MAS classification in observation group was significantly lower than that of control group (Z=8.410, P=0.004).@*Conclusions@#Fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan Decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin Manipulation can improve the neuromuscular transmission of patients with chirospasm after stroke, and facilitate the recovery of hand function and viability.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan Decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin Manipulation (manipulation of balance and muscle tendon relaxing) in the treatment of chirospasm after stroke. Methods:A total of 104 patients with chirospasm after stroke who metthe inclusion criteria from July 2016 to June 2018 were selectedand divided into tow groups with the digital table methodwith 52 cases in each group. The control group was given routine rehabilitation training while the observation group was given fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin manipulation based oncontrol group, and the two groups both were treated for 8 weeks. The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was used for chirospasm classification, and Key Point tabletop electromyography device was used to record the frequency, average amplitude and the shortest latency of F wave of median nerve. Fugl-Meyer motor function rating scale was used to evaluate hand motor function, and modified Barthel Index (BI) was used to evaluate life functionand clinical efficacy. Results:The effective rate was 88.5% (46/52) in observation group and was 65.4% (34/52) in control group ( χ2=7.800, P=0.005). After treatment, the frequency (15.11 ± 2.06 vs. 16.72 ± 1.95, t=4.093), average amplitude (0.52 ± 0.04 mV vs. 0.59 ± 0.05 mV, t=7.883) and the shortest latency (24.37 ± 2.85 ms vs. 25.88 ± 2.43 ms, t=2.907) of F wave in observation group were significantly lower than the control group ( P<0.01). Fugl-Meyer hand function score (6.51 ± 1.45 vs. 5.09 ± 1.22, t=5.404) and BI index score (60.87 ± 5.16 vs. 56.54 ± 4.25, t=4.671) were significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.01). The distribution of MAS classification in observation group was significantly lower than that of control group ( Z=8.410, P=0.004). Conclusions:Fumigation with Shujin-Jieluan Decoction combined with Pingheng-Shujin Manipulation can improve the neuromuscular transmission of patients with chirospasm after stroke, and facilitate the recovery of hand function and viability.
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Objective To research the changes in hippocampal voltage-gated sodium channel of Lithium chloride-Pilocarpine epileptic rat models,including Ⅰ sodium channel α subunit protein (Nav1.1),mRNA of Ⅰ sodium channel alpha subunit protein gene and function of sodium channel.Methods Epileptic rat models of Lithium chloride-Pilocarpine were established.Nav1.1 expression in the hippocampus of experimental rats was detected by immunohistochemical staining method,and the changes in voltage-gated sodium channel function (the current-voltage curves,activation and inactivation curves and the recovery curve) of hippocampus nerve cells were detected by whole cell patch-clamp technique.Results (1) The Lithium chloride-Pilocarpine rat models were successfully reproduced.Three stages of behavior (acute,latent and chronic) of rat models were observed.The blank control group was free of seizure.(2) Immunohistochemistry results:neurons in CA1 and DG regions of hippocampal of epileptic rats were normal,and there was no obvious change in the expression of Nav1.1.In CA3 area,the degeneration and necrosis of neurons were obvious.Staining of Nav1.1 became superficial and even disappeared in these areas,but the normal tissues were enhanced around degenerative and necrotic neurons.Compared with the blank control group,the expression of Nav1.1 in the model group was higher(0.235 ±0.008 vs.O.210 ±0.002),and there was statistically significant difference (t'=-7.426,P < 0.05).(3) The whole-cell patch-clamp technique showed that the sodium current density of the model group increased significantly compared with that of the blank group [(-319.70 ± 28.24) pA/pF vs.(-229.06 ± 26.01) pA/pF,t =8.178,P < 0.05],the threshold value of activation curve decreased (4.15 ± 0.80 vs.4.50 ±0.85,t =11.020,P < 0.05),the threshold value of inactivation curve increased (7.47 ± 0.53 vs.6.24 ±0.31,t =6.940,P < 0.05),and the recovery time after inactivation shortened [(1.36 ± 0.15) ms vs.(1.86 ± 0.21)ms,t =6.712,P < 0.05],and there were all statistically significant differences.Conclusion Repeated seizures can lead to increase Nav1.1 compensatory expression of,and significantly increase sodium channel current density,while the threshold value of activation curve decreases,the threshold value of inactivation curve rises,and the recovery time after inactivation is shortened,which eventually leads to increased neuron excitability and is more likely to cause seizures.
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Objective To evaluate the value of 3.0T dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)quantitative parameters for the diagnosis,pathological classification,clinical staging and lymph node status of cervical cancer.Methods The DCE-MRI data of 41 cases with cervical cancer and 1 5 cases with normal cervix were analyzed retrospectively.The quantitative parameters including Ktrans,Kepand Ve were obtained by Siemens Tissue 4D software.Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 22.0.Results The Ktransand Kepvalues of cervical cancer group were significantly higher than normal cervix group(P<0.001),and there was no statistical difference in Vevalue between the two groups(P>0.05).The Ktransvalue of squamous carcinoma was significantly higher than adenocarcinoma(P<0.05),while Kep and Vevalues showed no statistical differences(P>0.05).The Ktransvalue of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO)for early cervical cancer was significantly lower than that for advanced cervical cancer(P<0.05),while Kepand Vevalues showed no statistical differences (P>0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in Ktrans,Kepand Vevalues between cervical cancer with or without lymph node metastasis(P>0.05).Conclusion The quantitative parameters of 3.0T DCE-MRI can be used for the diagnosis, pathological classification and clinical staging of cervical cancer,and it is also of great significance for the rational formulation of the clinical treatment plan.
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Objective:To explore the genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 enzyme 17(CYP17) and its relationship with the pathogenesis ofpolycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods:A total of 260 patients with PCOS of uyhan and han nationality in Xinjiang,who were admitted to Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2015 to February 2017,were chosen as PCOS group;the other 237 healthy fertile women,who were examined in the outpatient department during the same period,were chosen as control group.The CYP17 gene polymorphism in the two groups of subjects was detected by the restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP) technique;the distribution of alleles and gene frequencies was compared between the two groups;combining with its clinical data,the relationship between CYP17 gene polymorphism and the pathogenesis of PCOS was analyzed.Results:Body Mass Index(BMI) and Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) levels in the PCOS group were lower than those in the control group;Luteotropic hormone(LH),Testosterone(TES) and LH/FSH levels in the PCOS group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).The frequencies of A1A1,A1A2,and A2A2 of CYP17 gene in the PCOS group were 34.62%,41.92%,23.46%,respectively,compared with 34.18%,43.88%,21.94% in the control group,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).The allele frequency of A1 and A2 in the PCOS group were 55.58%,and 44.42% respectively,compared with 56.12% and 43.88% in the control grouP,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).There was not statistical significance in FSH,LH and LH/FSH levels of different CYP17 genotypes in the PCOS group (P>0.05).There was statistical significance in BMI level A2A2>A1A2>A1A1 and TES level A2A2<A1A1<A1A2 in the PCOS group (all P<0.05).The BMI,FSH,LH,TES and LH/FSH levels of different CYP17 genotypes in the control group were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion:CYP17 gene-34bp T/C nucleotide polymorphisms is a common base replacement in the population,which is not significantly related to the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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C-type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-C) is widely utilized for hybrid maize seed production. However, genetic mechanisms underlying the fertility restoration are very complicated. At present, there is a divergence on the number of fertility restorer genes in maize inbred line A619 for CMS-C. To further elucidate the restoring mechanism of A619, we used genetic analysis and molecular markers to confirm the restorer genes of maize inbred line A619 for C-type male sterile line C48-2 in this study. Firstly, the fertility segregations of (C48-2 × A619)F2 populations were investigated under three environments during 2013-2015. The segregation ratio of fertile and sterile plants in the F2 population fit to 15:1 via chi-square test and this result suggested that there are two dominant restorer genes in A619 for CMS-C, i.e., Rf4 and a novel gene named Rf*-A619. Next, based on the sequence differences between Rf4 and its recessive allelic rf4, a novel dominant marker F2/R2 was developed and validated to genotyping Rf4 in the F2 population. Through genotypic analysis, we found that there were a certain amount of fertile individuals without Rf4 which accounted for 3/16 in the F2 population via chi-square test at the 0.05 level. These results provided another proof to sustain that the inbred line A619 contains one additional restorer gene for CMS-C fertility restoration except Rf4. At last, we used one SSR marker which is tightly linked with the dominant restorer gene Rf5 to analyze those fertile plants without Rf4 in the F2 population. The PCR amplification results showed that Rf*-A619 is not allelic to Rf5 but a novel restorer gene for CMS-C. These results not only provide a basis for the mapping and characterization of a novel restorer gene but also give a new insight into the mechanism of CMS-C fertility restoration.
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Objective To explore the changes of pubescent immune response in the schizophrenia offspring induced by poly(I:C) during pregnancy and the effects on white matter.Methods The obtained pregnant rats were randomly divided into model group(n=6) and control group (n=5), receiving either poly (I:C) at a dose of 10 mg/kg diluted in 0.9% NaC1 solution or vehicle solution alone (sterile pyrogen-free 0.9% NaC1) on gestation day 9 (GD9).Immunohistochemical technique(IHC) was applied to detect the changes of microglias and astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex(PFC) and hippocampus(HC) of partly offsprings in the two groups at the sixth week,as well as Luxol fast blue(LFB) for the changes of white matter.The other offsprings of each group were selected for behavioral assessment at the eighth week.Results The results of prepulse inhibition test showed that PP2, PP4 and PP8 of model groups were significantly lower than that of the control group at young adult(P<0.01).In passive avoidance test, and the T1 results of model group were significantly higher than those of the control group, the T results of model group were lower than those of control group (P< 0.01).Immunohistochemical results indicated that the number of microglias in the model group((264±33)/mm2, (271 ±38)/mm2) was significantly increased in PFC and HC than that in the control group((140±29)/mm2, (169±37)/mm2, P<0.05) ,which was accompanied with significant morphological changes, while the OD value of astrocyte protein expression in the frontal lobe and hippocampus had no obvious difference between the model group and control group(P>0.05).The OD value of LFB staining for myelin in the model group(0.29±0.02) was significantly decreased compared with that in the control group(0.33±0.03)(P<0.01).Conclusion The young adult offsprings with prenatal infection present obvious schizophrenia-like behavior, meanwhile, the microglias activation and demyelination changes in white matter are observed,which provides more evidence for the relationship between immune response and white matter in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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Objective By analyzing the changes in behavior and the myelin basic protein (MBP) of the offspring in adult that treated with Poly(I∶C) during pregnancy,and to understand the role of white matter abnormalities in the abnormal behavior of the offspring induced by infection in maternal hosts.Methods Two models maternal female rats were given Poly(I∶ C) with 5 mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively during the early pregnancy,and control maternal female rats was administered 5 mg/kg saline.The prepulse inhibition test,passive avoidance test and active avoidance test were used to evaluate schizophrenia like behaviors for each groups offspring in 8 weeks,and the expression of MBP was detected by immunohistochemical staining methods.Results The results of prepulse inhibition test showed that significant differences of PP2,PP4 and PP8 results existed among control group,single-dose model group and double-dose model group (F=10.381,P=0.001,F=10.313,P=0.001,F=15.233,P=0.000).Compared with the control group,the two model groups showed significantly lower,the double-dose model group was lower than single-dose model group (P<0.05).In passive avoidance test,there were significant differences of T1 and T2 results existed among control group,single-dose model group and double-dose model group (F=23.555,P=0.000,F=17.524,P=0.000).The T1 results of two model groups were significantly higher than control group,the double-dose model group was significantly higher than single-dose model group (P<0.05) ; the T2 results of two model groups were lower than control group,the double-dose model group was lower than single-dose model group(P<0.05).The results of passive avoidance test indicated that significant differences existed among control group,single-dose model group and double-dose model group in whole period of testing and total conditioned response rate(F=8.631,P=0.000,F=6.986,P=0.001),the two model groups were significantly lower than control group,double-dose model group was significantly lower than single-dose model group (P<0.05).MBP results of two model groups were significantly lower than control group,two model groups had no significant difference (P> 0.05).Conclusion The adult offspring that were treated with Poly (I∶C) exit abnormal behavior and damaged white matter,and there is a correlation between the degree of abnormal behavior and drug dose.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Badu Shengji San (BDSJS) and its decomposed recipes on morphological changes of injured skin in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>SD rats with injured skin were treated with BDSJS and its different decomposed recipes for consecutively 14 days. Morphological changes in the injured skin were observed by H&E staining.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Mercury and lead-containing ingredients significantly decreased epidermal thickness and caused vascular hemorrhage, hyperemia and inflammatory cell infiltration in reticular layer of dermis. The compatible herbs alleviated epidermal thickness and reduced dermal lesions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BDSJS' mercury and lead-containing ingredients can accelerate the healing of skin wound and its compatible herbs can relieve the dermis injury induced by mercury and lead.</p>
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Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Química , Farmacologia , Toxicidade , Epiderme , Ferimentos e Lesões , Patologia , Hemorragia , Hiperemia , Chumbo , Toxicidade , Mercúrio , Toxicidade , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pele , Ferimentos e Lesões , Patologia , Dermatopatias , Tratamento Farmacológico , Patologia , CicatrizaçãoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effects of Badu Shengji San (BDSJS) on rats with different injured skins.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The injured and ulcerous skin rat model was established to observe the renal injury induced by BDSJS, a mercury-containing external preparation of Chinese medicine, with urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and retinol binding protein (RBP) as indicators of renal toxicity.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared to injured skin rats with the same dose, both of high and low-dose ulcerous skin groups showed obvious increase in urinary RBP and kidney coefficients, significant pathomorphological changes in renal tubules and notable epithelial cytopathic effects. In terms of NAG, the high-dose ulcerous skin group saw no significant increase, but the low-dose group recorded sharp rise.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The renal toxicity induced by BDSJS in ulcerous skin rats was more toxic than that in injured skin ones.</p>
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Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Acetilglucosaminidase , Urina , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Farmacologia , Usos Terapêuticos , Toxicidade , Células Epiteliais , Metabolismo , Patologia , Túbulos Renais , Metabolismo , Patologia , Mercúrio , Toxicidade , Urina , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Proteínas de Ligação ao Retinol , Urina , Pele , Ferimentos e Lesões , Úlcera Cutânea , Tratamento Farmacológico , Microbiologia , Infecções Cutâneas Estafilocócicas , Tratamento FarmacológicoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the sensitivity of early renal injury induced by mercury-containing medicine in rats, including urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosdminidase (NAG), beta2-microglobulin (beta2-MG), retinol binding protein (RBP) and clusterin (CLU).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Badu Shengji San(BDSJS), a mercury-containing preparation of traditional Chinese medicine, was adopted as the mercury contact drug. The lowest effective toxic dose was used to observe its effect on serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and such early renal injury indicators as NAG, RBP, beta2-MG and CLU and compare the sensitivity of tested indicators.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared to the broken skin group, groups with administration of 60 and 120 mg x kg(-1) doses of BDSJS showed no obvious difference in SCr and BUN when kidney indicators is remarkably increased and obvious pathological changes were found in kidney tubules but with significant increase in the urinary level of CLU and the levels of NAG and RBP. H&E staining of renal tubule showed that exposure of 30 mg x kg(-1) BDSJS had no significant morphological changes, but at the same concentrations, the level of RBP was markedly increased. Urinary beta2-MG levels were markedly decreased in BDSJS 30, 60 mg x kg(-1) group rats, whereas 120 mg x kg(-1) dose group showed no obvious change in urinary beta2-MG levels.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Urinary RBP, NAG and CLU were more sensitive than SCr and BUN as indicators for early renal injury in the order of RBP > NAG > CLU, and urinary RBP, NAG would increase earlier than beta2-MG.</p>
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Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Acetilglucosaminidase , Urina , Nitrogênio da Ureia Sanguínea , Clusterina , Urina , Creatinina , Sangue , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Química , Toxicidade , Células Epiteliais , Metabolismo , Patologia , Túbulos Renais , Metabolismo , Patologia , Mercúrio , Sangue , Metabolismo , Toxicidade , Urina , Distribuição Aleatória , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Proteínas de Ligação ao Retinol , Urina , Pele , Ferimentos e Lesões , Fatores de Tempo , Microglobulina beta-2 , UrinaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the mercury accumulation in injured skin rats induced by Badu Shengji San (BDSJS), a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for external use.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Injured skin rats were treated with BDSJS for consecutively 4 weeks. During the 4 weeks and the following 4 weeks after the drug withdrawal, samples were collected for determining mercury contents in blood, urine and kidney, with urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) and beta2-microglobulin (beta2-MG) as indicators of renal toxicity and serum biochemical indicators of hepatic and renal functions. Additionally, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT) and kidney and renal pathological changes were also observed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared to injured skin rats, mercury contents of blood, urine and kidney were increased significantly in low, middle and high-dose BDSJS groups administered for consecutive 4 weeks. The levels of mercury showed decreases in urine (89%, 78%, 93%) and kidney (55%, 51%, 57%), and blood mercury concentration recovered to the normal range in low, middle and high-dose BDSJS groups after the drug withdrawal for 4 weeks. Kidney coefficient and beta2-MG were remarkably increased and renal tubular epithelial cell swelling could be found in the high-dose group, and kidney coefficient, beta2-MG and renal morphology basically recovered to the normal levels after the drug withdrawal for 4 weeks.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The administration of BDSJS for consecutively 4 weeks can cause mercury accumulation in blood and mainly in kidney. Once the accumulated mercury concentration of kidney reaches a certain level, renal tubular epithelial cells would be injured. 1.1 mg x cm(-2) of BDSJS is proved to be safe and 2.2 mg x cm(-2) can cause mild but reversible injury in the function of kidney which can be recovered after drug withdrawal for 4 weeks.</p>
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Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Ratos , Acetilglucosaminidase , Urina , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Química , Toxicidade , Células Epiteliais , Metabolismo , Patologia , Túbulos Renais , Metabolismo , Patologia , Mercúrio , Sangue , Metabolismo , Toxicidade , Urina , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pele , Ferimentos e Lesões , Fatores de Tempo , Microglobulina beta-2 , UrinaRESUMO
To study the effects of Xifeng Capsule, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, combined with carbamazepine on spontaneous epileptic seizure induced by lithium and pilocarpine in rats and the expression level of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1).
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Badu Shengji San(BDSJS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for drawing out toxin, eliminating suppuration and promoting granulation. Toxic minerals such as arsenic and lead are the two most important components of BDSJS. Previous hypothesis indicated that according to the compatibility theory of TCM, the toxicity of the entire BDSJS was weaker than that of arsenic and lead, respectively. In the present study, SD rats with injured skin were treated with distilled water and different composition of BDSJS (complete formulations, compatible herbs, mineral medicine containing arsenic and lead, mineral medicine containing arsenic and mineral medicine containing lead) once a day for consecutive 2 weeks. Kidney coefficient and urinary beta-N-acetyl glucosidase (NAG) were used as the indicators of renal toxicity and the content of malondiadehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) in the renal tissue were measured. Our data showed that kidney coefficient, the severity of renal pathological lesion and MT level in the kidney of the entire BDSJS group decreased significantly compared with arsenic and lead group. Additionally, the NAG content of the entire BDSJS group had the decreased trend. The kidney CuZn-SOD level of the entire BDSJS group had the increased trend, but the MDA, GSH-PX, GSH level had no obvious difference. Our results suggested that compatible herbs in BDSJS relieved renal injury induced by arsenic and lead, and the attenuation mechanism may be related to MT and CuZn-SOD, but not to MDA, GSH-PX and GSH directly.
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Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Arsênio , Toxicidade , Peso Corporal , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Farmacologia , Toxicidade , Glutationa , Metabolismo , Glutationa Peroxidase , Metabolismo , Rim , Metabolismo , Patologia , Chumbo , Toxicidade , Malondialdeído , Metabolismo , Metalotioneína , Metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Pele , Superóxido Dismutase , MetabolismoRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide evidences for evaluating the role of chlorogenic acid (CA) on the adverse reaction of traditional Chinese medicine injection and promoting clinical rational usage of CA, the effect of CA and chlorogenic acid-HSA(CA-HSA) on the degranulation in mast cell RBL-2H3 were compared and the allergenic effect and its mechanism were investigated.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The unsensitized and sensitized RBL-2H3 cells were used. The releasing rate of histamine and beta-hexosaminidase was detected by colormetric assays. The degranulating rate was detected by neutral red staining and Annexin V positive cell rate was detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>CA and CA-HSA could not induce degranulation in unsensitized RBL-2H3 cells. CA and CA-HSA could significantly increase the release of histamine and beta-hexosaminidase, degranulating rate and Annexin V positive cell rate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CA has strong allergenicity after combination with serum proteins. As an active ingredient of Shuanghuanglian injection, CA is a kind of possible allergen which caused hypersensitivity reactions induced by Shuanghuanglian injection.</p>
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Degranulação Celular , Linhagem Celular , Ácido Clorogênico , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Liberação de Histamina , Mastócitos , Biologia Celular , Secreções Corporais , beta-N-Acetil-Hexosaminidases , Secreções CorporaisRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the anticancer and anti-metastatic effect of Ajuga decumbens extraction (HBG) on breast cancer and to clarify the effect of HBG on MMPs and TIMPs.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The antitumor and antimetastic effect of HBG was determined using orthotopic 4T1 breast cancer mouse model. Western blot analysis was employed to detect the expression of associated proteins in breast cancer metastasis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Administration with 50-200 mg x kg(-1) doses of HBG significantly reduced the tumor weight, tumor volume and numbers of lung tumor nodules in a dose-dependent manner. Tumor metastasis correlated proteins were altered following HBG treatment, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were down-regulated while TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were up-regulated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HBG showed anticancer and antimetastatic effect towards breast cancer through regulating the expression of MMPs and TIMPs. These data sustain our contention that HBG might be used as a potential therapeutic agent.</p>
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Camundongos , Ajuga , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais , Química , Tratamento Farmacológico , Patologia , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz , Metaloproteases , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Invasividade Neoplásica , Metástase Neoplásica , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais , Usos Terapêuticos , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1 , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-2 , Inibidores Teciduais de MetaloproteinasesRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effect of Magnolia officinalis and M. officinalis var. biloba on gastrointestinal motility dysfunction.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The gastrointestinal motility dysfunction induced by atropine and L-Arg were used in this study. The effect of M. officinalis on the gastrointestinal function was evaluated by propulsive motility of the total gastrointestinal tract test by recording the time of excreting carbo medicinalis, the gastric residualrate, the intestinal propulsion rate, the serum levels of D-xylose, motilin (MTL) and gastrin (GAS). ED50 were calculated with Bliss's method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>M. officinalis and M. officinalis var. biloba improved the gastrointestinal motility, decreased the gastric residual rate, enhanced the intestinal propulsion rate and increased serum levels of D-xylose, motilin (MTL) and gastrin(GAS). The ED50 value of M. officinalis var. biloba was much higher than that of M. officinalis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The effect of improving gastrointestinal motility of M. officinalis was proved to be superior to that of M. officinalis var. biloba.</p>
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Gastroenteropatias , Motilidade Gastrointestinal , Magnolia , Química , Classificação , Extratos Vegetais , Farmacologia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , XiloseRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the acute toxicity and the pharmacological effect of Huoxiang Zhengqi microemulsion and Huoxiang Zhengqi tincture.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The acute toxicities of Huoxiang Zhengqi microemulsion and Huoxiang Zhengqi tincture were observed by the test of maximum dose in mice and the antidiarrheal effects of them were evaluated by ED50 values of the diarrhea index, the serum levels of gastrin and motilin in the mice diarrhea model induced by senna.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The acute toxicity of Huoxiang Zhengqi tincture was much higher than that of Huoxiang Zhengqi microemulsion and the ED50 values of the two formulations were similar.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The microemulsion of Huoxiang Zhengqi prescription was much safer than that of tincture, but the antidiarrheal effects of them in diarrhea model induced by senna were similar.</p>