The epidemiological status of osteoporotic hip fractures: A bicentric comparative and retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporotic hip fractures have posed a significant burden to society, and more epidemiological data is required. OBJECTIVE: To compare the epidemiological differences of hip fracture patients in Spain and China. METHOD: This was a retrospective comparative study. Comparisons were made in terms of morbidity, demographic and anthropometric characteristics, length of stay, cost of hospitalization, and mortality by consulting the medical histories of osteoporotic hip fractures in two hospitals. The t test was used for measurement data, and the X2 test was used for count data. The difference is statistically significant when p< 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 757 patients were enrolled in this study, with 426 from Virgen Macarena University Hospital (HUVM) and 331 from Xi'an Daxing Hospital (XDH). The average age was 81.4 ± 9.26 and 76.0 ± 8.08 years; the proportion of women was 74.9% and 68.0%, respectively. The incidence of osteoporotic hip fractures in Seville residents over 50 years old was approximately 239 per 100,000 residents, compared to 158 per 100,000 residents in Xi'an. The timing of surgery in Spanish patients was significantly longer than in Chinese patients, 78.7 ± 48.2 vs. 60.7 ± 43.1 hours, p= 0.000. There were 81 deaths in Spain and 43 deaths in China during the one-year follow-up period (p= 0.026). CONCLUSIONS: In terms of incidence, demographics, surgical methods, and mortality, there are significant differences between hip fracture patients in Seville, Spain and Xi'an, China.

Plicatura artroscópica del retináculo medial combinada con liberación del retináculo lateral en el tratamiento de la luxación rotuliana traumática / Arthroscopic medial retinaculum plication combined with lateral retinaculum release in the treatment of traumatic patellar dislocation

Objetivo: El objetivo fue analizar el efecto curativo de la plicatura artroscópica del retináculo medial (PARM) combinada con la liberación del retináculo lateral (LRL) para el tratamiento de la luxación rotuliana traumática. Métodos: Se recogieron retrospectivamente los datos de los pacientes con luxación rotuliana traumática desde enero de 2015 hasta diciembre de 2020. El grupo de control fueron los pacientes que recibieron reconstrucción del ligamento patelomeniscal medial (LPMM); el grupo de observación fueron los con PARM en forma de abanico combinada con LRL. La longitud de la incisión, la función de la rodilla, los parámetros del examen de TC y el costo hospitalario se compararon entre los dos grupos antes y después de la cirugía. Resultados: El grupo de control y el grupo de observación incluyeron 35 y 39 pacientes, con una edad pro-medio de 18,8±5,3 años y 18,1±5,9 años, respectivamente. Los parámetros de TC preoperatorios y la puntuación de Lysholm y la puntuación de Kujala de los dos grupos no fueron estadísticamente significativos. Ambos grupos lograron buenos resultados posoperatorios. No hubo diferencias significativas en los parámetros de TC posoperatorios y la puntuación de Kujala, pero el grupo de observación fue más dominante en la longitud de la incisión, la prueba de movilidad rotuliana, la puntuación de Lysholm y el costo hospitalario (p < 0,05). Conclusión: La PARM combinada con LRL en el trata-miento de la luxación rotuliana traumática tiene las ventajas de menos trauma, baja tasa de recurrencia, bajo costo y eficacia confiable a corto plazo. (AU)

Objetive: The aim of this study was to analyze the cu-rative effect of arthroscopic medial retinaculum plication (MRP) combined with lateral retinacu-lum release (LRR) for the treatment of traumatic patellar dislocation. Methods: The data of patients with traumatic patellar dislocation treated from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively collected. The con-trol group was the patients who received medial patellomeniscal ligament (MPFL) reconstruction; the observation group was the patients with ar-throscopic fan-shaped MRP combined with LRR. The incision length, knee function, CT examina-tion parameters, and hospital cost were compared between the two groups before and after surgery. Results: The control group and the observation group included 35 and 39 patients, with an average age of 18.8±5.3 years and 18.1±5.9 years, respec-tively. The preoperative CT parameters, and Ly-sholm score and Kujala score of the two groups of patients were not statistically significant. Both groups of patients achieved good results after sur-gery. There was no significant difference in post-operative CT parameters and Kujala score, but the observation group was more dominant in inci-sion length, patellar mobility test, Lysholm score, and hospital cost (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Arthroscopic MRP combined with LRR in the treatment of traumatic patellar dislocation has the advantages of less trauma, low recurrence rate, low cost, and reliable short-term efficacy. (AU)

Análisis de los factores de riesgo de mortalidad al año en pacientes con fractura de cadera osteoporótica en España: un estudio observacional prospectivo / Analysis of risk factors for mortality at one year in patients with osteoporotic hip fracture in Spain: a prospective observational study

Objetivo: Analizar los factores de riesgo que inciden en la mortalidad al año de las fracturas de cadera osteoporóticas en España. Materiales y métodos: Fue un estudio observacional prospectivo. Los pacientes con fractura de cadera que fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente en el Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena de Sevilla, España del1 de enero de 2017 al 31 de diciembre de 2017. Se recopiló la información requerida a través de registros de historia clínica y seguimiento. Se realizó un análisis de factor único para descartar los factores con p<0,1, y luego estos factores se incluyeron en el análisis de regresión de Cox para averiguar los factores de riesgo independientes para la mortalidad posoperatoria al año. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de 426 participantes, 107 hombres (25,1%) y 319 mujeres (74,9%). Durante el seguimiento de un año fallecieron 81 casos (19,0%). Hubo 7 factores de riesgo independientes relacionados con la tasa de mortalidad al año de las fracturas de cadera osteoporóticas en España: Los factores de riesgo inmodificables incluyeron los niveles de actividad previos a la lesión, ASA grado 4 y enfermedad pulmonar combina-da. Los factores de riesgo prevenibles incluyeron complicaciones respiratorias, complicaciones cardiovasculares, complicaciones cerebrovasculares, y trombosis venosa. Conclusión: La tasa de mortalidad de las fracturas de cadera osteoporóticas en España es relativamente alta, pero mediante la prevención activa de las complicaciones postoperatorias, la tasa de mortalidad puede disminuir. (AU)

Objetive: Aanalyze the risk factors that affect the one-year mortality of osteoporotic hip fractures in Spain. Materials and methods: This was a prospective observational study. Participants came from patients with hip fractures who underwent surgery at the Virgen Macarena University Hospital in Seville, Spain from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. The required infor-mation was collected through medical history re-cords and follow-up. A single factor analysis was performed to screen out the factors with p<0.1, and then these factors were brought into the Cox regression analysis to find out the independent risk factors for the one-year postoperative mortality. Results: A total of 426 participants were included, 107 males (25.1%) and 319 females (74.9%). During the one-year follow-up, 81 cases (19.0%) died. There were 7 independent risk factors related to the one-year mortality rate of osteoporotic hip fractures in Spain: Unchangeable risk factors in-cluded pre-injury activity levels, ASA grade 4 , and combined lung disease. Preventable risk factors included respiratory complications, cardiovascu-lar complications cerebrovascular complications, and venous thrombosis. Conclusion: The mortality rate of osteoporotic hip frac-tures in Spain is relatively high, but through active prevention of postoperative complications, the mortality rate may decrease. (AU)

Whole-exome sequencing facilitates the differential diagnosis of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS).

Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDSs) are a group of rare monogenic conditions with strong heterogeneity and can be caused by 20 genes associating with the essence of the extracellular matrix (ECM). This study enrolled three cases with various subtypes of EDS. Clinical evaluation and genetic testing with whole-exome sequencing (WES) were performed. The clinical manifestations of all three patients were thoroughly monitored; and three de novo diagnostic variants, namely COL5A1: NM_001278074.1: c.4609-2A>C, COL3A1: NM_000090.3: c.3554G>T(p.Gly1185Val), and COL1A1: NM_000088.3: c.545G>T(p.Gly182Val) were identified from them, respectively. The findings in this study expanded the mutation spectrum of EDS and strengthened the efficiency of WES in the differential diagnosis on disorders with overlapping phenotypes and various pathogenesis.

[Effects of calcification on respiratory quotient of cultured oyster Crassostrea gigas and its fouling animals].

Respiratory quotient (RQ) is one of the basic indices in physiology and energy metabolism of animals. When RQ is calculated, the amount of released CO2 is typically used directly. But for calcifying marine organisms, calcification which can affect dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) content in the water may cause methodological error to some extent, if it is ignored. In this paper, RQ and O/N of cultured oyster Crassostrea gigas and 3 marine fouling animal species (Mytilus edulis, Ciona intestinalis, Styela clava) were measured in the respiratory chamber to discuss the effect of calcification in RQ determination. The results demonstrated that calcification rates of C. gigas and M. edulis were (56.37 +/- 14.85) and (17.95 +/- 7.21) micromol x g(-1) x h(-1), respectively. (3.72 +/- 0.80) and (1.48 +/- 0.14) mg x L(-1) DIC in the water were correspondingly decreased, which occupied about (60.9 +/- 7.6)% and (39.9 +/- 5.7)% of respired CO2, respectively. RQ values of 4 animals were C. gigas 1.38 +0.19, M. edulis 1.18 +/- 0.11, C. intestinalis 1.11 +/- 0.05 and S. clava 1.32 +/- 0.19, which agreed with the O/N values except C. intestinalis. Meanwhile, the uncorrected RQ values of C. gigas and M. edulis were 0.56 +/- 0.19 and 0.70 +/- 0.04, respectively, which were contrary to the O/N values. Therefore, it was obviously that calcification could result in a significant influence on the respiratory quotient by affecting water DIC concentration and should be accurately calculated in RQ measurement.