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BackgroundThe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a world-wide emergency. Fangcang shelter hospitals have been applied in COVID-19 to ease ongoing shortage of medical resources in Wuhan since February 2020. MethodThis study enrolled all cases (no=1848) with mild or moderate type of COVID-19 in Fangcang shelter hospital of Jianghan in Wuhan from Feb 5th to Mar 9th, 2020. Diagnosis of COVID-19 was based on the National health commission of China. Epidemiological history, comorbidity, vital signs, symptoms and signs were recorded in detail. Laboratory tests included biochemical indicators and nucleic acid tests by throat swabs have been performed as well. FindingA total of 1327 patients reached the criteria of isolation release. Meanwhile, 521 patients have been transferred to the designated hospitals for further treatment, including severe type, fever more than 3 days, and severe comorbidity. The case-severity rate (rate of mild or moderate type transforming to severe type) was 3.0% in the shelter hospital. The patients from mild or moderate type to severe type showed the following clinical characteristics: the median incubation (onset to shelter) period was 10 days; they were all symptomatic at admission; fever, cough, and fatigue were the most common symptoms; hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart diseases were common co-morbidities; most of the patients had elevated levels of CRP at ill onset with 33.3% over 10 mg per L; bilateral distribution and ground-glass opacity were the most common manifestations in chest CT. InterpretationThe potential risk factors of fever, fatigue, high level of C-reactive protein were the risk factors to identify the progression of COVID-19 patients with mild or moderate type. Fangcang shelter hospitals have substantially reduced the time from the onset of severe symptoms transfer to a designated hospital. Early application of the Fangcang shelter hospital may contribute to decrease the ratio of mild transforming to severe patients. FundingNo specific grant from any funding was applied to this research. Research in contextO_ST_ABSEvidence before this studyC_ST_ABSWe searched PubMed from Nov 1, 2019, to Apr 8, 2020, for studies published in any language using the terms "COVID-19", "coronavirus disease 2019", "novel coronavirus", "cabin hospital", "shelter hospital". Five studies have been found about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in shelter hospital or cabin hospital. Fangcang shelter hospital of Jianghan received the largest number of patients among Fangcang shelter hospitals in Wuhan. These studies were related to development of Fangcang shelter hospitals, explaining three key characteristics (rapid construction, massive scale, and low cost) and five essential functions (isolation, triage, basic medical care, frequent monitoring and rapid referral, and essential living and social engagement). To our knowledge, there are no studies to comprehensively investigate a cohort of mild COVID-19 patients transfer to designated hospital from shelter hospital and their distinctive clinical features. Since Fangcang shelter hospital is a novel public health strategy, we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for developed COVID-19 patients transfer to the designated hospital in Jianghan Fangcang shelter Hospital. Added value of this studyFrom Feb 5th to Mar 9th, a total of 1848 cases of mild or moderate type of COVID-19 were enrolled in Fangcang shelter hospital of Jianghan (Wuhan, China). Of these cases, 521 patients were transferred to designated hospitals. Rate of mild or moderate type transforming to severe type was 3.0 % (56/1848) in the Fangcang shelter hospital. The median incubation (onset to shelter) period was 10 days (IQR 8.0-16.0). Patients with fever on cabin admission, high level C-reactive protein were also associated with mild-to-severe. Early application of the shelter hospital may contribute to alleviate the shortage of medical resources and decrease the ratio of severe patients. Furthermore, Fangcang shelter hospitals are likely to have substantially reduced the time from the onset of severe symptoms to admission to a designated hospital. The clinical characteristics of patients transferred to the designated hospital were important for the revision of admission criteria of COVID patients in Fangcang shelter hospitals. Dynamic observation the risk factors of mild to severe patients is contribute to great value for early prognosis and treatment. Implications of all the available evidenceKeep vigilance of those mild patients whose had a fever over 38.0{degrees}C, cough and fatigue when they isolated at home. Fangcang shelter hospital could provide the rational strategy for isolation and triage of infected patients and decrease the family or community transmission cases.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the diagnostic value of larval excretory-secretory antigen in Angiostrongylus cantonensis (LESA) infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A.cantonensis larvae harvested from mice brain were cultured in vitro. The LESA and the adult worm antigens of A.cantonensis (AWA) were collected and analyzed using SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Two ELISA systems were established using the two antigens (LESA-ELISA and AWA-ELISA) to detect the serum spectra from different sources.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SDS-PAGE and Western blotting displayed fewer protein and antigen bands for LESA than for the adult antigen. Two distinct bands of LESA (with relative molecular masses of 40 000 and 26 000) showed reactivity with the sera from patients with A. cantonensis infection. The serum levels of IgG and IgM antibodies to LESA increased at the beginning of infection in mice, reaching the peak on day 5 after infection and decreased on day 10. Compared with AWA-ELISA, LESA-ELISA showed a lower seropositive ratio in suspected patients with A.cantonensis, with also a lower cross-positive ratio in patients with schistosomiasis and clonorchis sinensis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LESA possesses fewer antigen reaction bands than AWA. Although with a slightly lower positive ratio than AWA, LESA has a higher specificity for detecting serum antibodies in suspected cases of A.cantonensis infection, and therefore shows a potential for the diagnosis of angiostrongyliasis especially in the early stage and in current infection.</p>
