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1.
Front Oncol ; 12: 816801, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35387120

RESUMO

The prevalence and impact of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) Q787Q polymorphism on the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed patients with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma to evaluate the prevalence of the EGFR Q787Q polymorphism and its influence on effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. A total of 333 patients were included in this study. The prevalence of the EGFR Q787Q polymorphism was 38%, 42%, and 35% in the total patients, EGFR mutation negative, and EGFR mutation positive groups, respectively. The prevalence of EGFR Q787Q polymorphism was significantly higher in EGFR wild-type patients than in the general non-cancerous population from Taiwan Biobank and 1000 Genome Project databases, respectively. EGFR Q787Q polymorphism had significant protective effects on the overall survival of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma treated with EGFR TKIs (aHR =0.61, p=0.03). Our study demonstrated that EGFR Q787Q polymorphism is a germline variant in the general population. It is a protective predictor of overall survival in patients with stage IV EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma treated with TKIs.

2.
Am J Cancer Res ; 11(12): 6160-6172, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35018249

RESUMO

It remains unclear whether surgical resection of brain metastases prolongs overall survival in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A retrospective study was designed to evaluate the benefits of surgical resection for 296 patients with NSCLC and brain metastases. Patients were grouped into those who underwent craniotomy (brain surgery group) and those who did not (non-surgery group). Characteristics, survival, and EGFR mutation status were compared between the two groups. We found that the clinical characteristics were similar between the two groups. However, patients in the brain surgery group had metastases of larger diameters (3.67 cm vs. 2.06 cm, P<0.001) and a lower rate of extracranial metastasis (8.7% vs. 45.5%, P=0.001). Overall survival was significantly longer for those who underwent brain surgery (40.3 months vs. 8.4 months, P<0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio of craniotomy was 0.30 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15-0.62). The survival benefit of brain surgery was observed in both EGFR mutation-positive and EGFR mutation-negative sub-populations; the adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs] were 0.34 [95% CI, 0.11-1.00] and 0.26 [95% CI, 0.09-0.73] for EGFR mutation-positive and mutation-negative sub-populations, respectively. We concluded that for patients with NSCLC and brain metastases, surgical resection of brain metastases improved overall survival. This survival benefit was particularly evident in cases with large-sized metastases limited to the brain.

3.
Respir Res ; 21(1): 84, 2020 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32293463

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is airway inflammation characterized and low daily physical activity. Most pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs are often provided to stable patients, but fewer training programs are specific for hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation (AE). Patients with AECOPD experience increased dyspnea sensations and systemic inflammation during exercise training. High-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) reduces the minute volume, lowers the respiratory rate, and decreases the work of breathing. However, it is not clear whether HFNT is efficient during exercise training. In this study, we investigated the effects of HFNT during exercise training in an early PR program among hospitalized patients with severe AECOPD. METHODS: We enrolled COPD patients hospitalized due to AE. They were randomized into two groups according to their status into HFNT PR and non-HFNT PR groups. This study collected basic data, and also assessed a pulmonary function test, 6-min walking test, blood inflammatory biomarkers, and arterial gas analysis at the baseline, and at 4 and 12 weeks of the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. RESULT: We recruited 44 AECOPD patients who completed the 12-week PR program. The HFNT PR program produced significant improvements in exercise tolerance as assessed by the 6-min walking distance (6MWD), reduced dyspnea sensations in the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), and decreased systemic inflammation as evidenced by the a lower C-reactive protein (CRP) level. A reduction in the length of hospitalization was achieved with PR in the 1-year follow-up in the two groups. The HFNT PR group showed better trends of reduced air trapping in the delta inspiration capacity (IC) and an increased quality of life according to the COPD assessment test (CAT) than did the non-HFNT PR group. CONCLUSIONS: HFNT during exercise training in early PR increases exercise tolerance and reduces systemic inflammation in hospitalized patients with severe AECOPD.


Assuntos
Administração Intranasal/métodos , Exercícios Respiratórios/métodos , Teste de Esforço/métodos , Hospitalização , Umidificadores , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/reabilitação , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Tolerância ao Exercício/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/diagnóstico , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 10(39): 33399-33406, 2018 Oct 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30198707

RESUMO

Low dark current organic photodetectors (OPDs) with a conventional structure consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as active layer have been fabricated by spray-coating. Tuning the thickness of active layer and thermal annealing process for the spray-coated OPDs results in a remarkable performance with a low dark current density ( Jd) of 2.90 × 10-8 A/cm2 at reverse bias of 1 V. The impact of thermal annealing on the performance of sprayed OPDs is also investigated by the impedance analysis for mechanistic understanding. Our results demonstrate that the optimization of PCBM cluster and interfacial contact between the active layer and the metal electrode tailored by thermal annealing, respectively, could effectively reduce the Jd and increase the sensitivity of sprayed OPDs. The control of PCBM cluster is more important than the interfacial contact between the layers for improving Jd. In addition, structural characterization of the active layer studied by synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering technique reveals why the spray-coated process can achieve the lowest dark current due to the favorable structure.

5.
J Phys Chem Lett ; 8(8): 1824-1830, 2017 Apr 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28387117

RESUMO

Indoor utilization of emerging photovoltaics is promising; however, efficiency characterization under room lighting is challenging. We report the first round-robin interlaboratory study of performance measurement for dye-sensitized photovoltaics (cells and mini-modules) and one silicon solar cell under a fluorescent dim light. Among 15 research groups, the relative deviation in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the samples reaches an unprecedented 152%. On the basis of the comprehensive results, the gap between photometry and radiometry measurements and the response of devices to the dim illumination are identified as critical obstacles to the correct PCE. Therefore, we use an illuminometer as a prime standard with a spectroradiometer to quantify the intensity of indoor lighting and adopt the reverse-biased current-voltage (I-V) characteristics as an indicator to qualify the I-V sampling time for dye-sensitized photovoltaics. The recommendations can brighten the prospects of emerging photovoltaics for indoor applications.

6.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 7(34): 18967-76, 2015 Sep 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26267758

RESUMO

Conjugated polymer-fullerene-based bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted tremendous attention over the past two decades because of their potential to develop low-cost and easy methods to produce energy from light. The complicated microstructure and morphology with randomly organized architecture of these polymer-fullerene-based active layers (ALs) is a key factor that limits photovoltaic performance. In this study, a binary-solvent annealing (BSA) approach was established to improve the poly(3-hexylthiophene):indene-C60 bisadduct-based AL for efficient BHJ-type OSCs by varying the second solvents with different boiling points (BP). Thus, we were able to change the evaporation behavior of cosolvents and consequently obtain the various microstructural properties of the AL. An in-depth study was conducted on the solvent-evaporation driven morphology of the active layer under various cosolvent conditions and its effect on the photovoltaic parameters of OSCs. Under the BSA processes, we found that the specimens with low-BP second solvents allows us to observe a more ideal AL for increasing photon absorption and efficient charge transport and collection at the respective electrodes, resulting in enhanced PCE of the corresponding OSCs. By contrast, the specimens with high-BP second solvents exhibit random microstructures, which are detrimental to charge transport and collection and lead to diminished PCE of the corresponding OSCs. By appropriately selecting the composition of a binary solvent, BSA can be employed as an easy method for the effective manipulation of the microstructures of ALs. BSA is a promising technique for the performance enhancement of not only OSCs but also other organic/polymeric-based electronic devices.

7.
Nanoscale ; 7(1): 104-12, 2015 Jan 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25325829

RESUMO

In the optimization of organic solar cells (OSCs), a key problem lies in the maximization of charge carriers from the active layer to the electrodes. Hence, this study focused on the interfacial molecular configurations in efficient OSC charge extraction by theoretical investigations and experiments, including small molecule-based bilayer-heterojunction (sm-BLHJ) and polymer-based bulk-heterojunction (p-BHJ) OSCs. We first examined a well-defined sm-BLHJ model system of OSC composed of p-type pentacene, an n-type perylene derivative, and a nanogroove-structured poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (NS-PEDOT) hole extraction layer. The OSC with NS-PEDOT shows a 230% increment in the short circuit current density compared with that of the conventional planar PEDOT layer. Our theoretical calculations indicated that small variations in the microscopic intermolecular interaction among these interfacial configurations could induce significant differences in charge extraction efficiency. Experimentally, different interfacial configurations were generated between the photo-active layer and the nanostructured charge extraction layer with periodic nanogroove structures. In addition to pentacene, poly(3-hexylthiophene), the most commonly used electron-donor material system in p-BHJ OSCs was also explored in terms of its possible use as a photo-active layer. Local conductive atomic force microscopy was used to measure the nanoscale charge extraction efficiency at different locations within the nanogroove, thus highlighting the importance of interfacial molecular configurations in efficient charge extraction. This study enriches understanding regarding the optimization of the photovoltaic properties of several types of OSCs by conducting appropriate interfacial engineering based on organic/polymer molecular orientations. The ultimate power conversion efficiency beyond at least 15% is highly expected when the best state-of-the-art p-BHJ OSCs are combined with present arguments.

8.
Phys Chem Chem Phys ; 14(15): 5284-8, 2012 Apr 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22402615

RESUMO

The efficiency of small-molecule solar cells critically depends on the match of the junction of the donor and acceptor semiconductors used in these devices to create charged carriers and on the mobility of individual components to transport holes and electrons. In the present study, a 2% efficient bilayer organic solar cell consisting of a p-type semiconductor, pentacene, and an n-type semiconductor, N,N'-diheptyl-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C(7)), is fabricated. The morphology of PTCDI-C(7) interestingly follows pentacene due to the matched surface energy of these two active layers and the easily deposited PTCDI-C(7) monomers on an inclined plane of the pentacene grains. This condition results in the low trap states in the PTCDI-C(7) film and at the pentacene/PTCDI-C(7) interface for the enhancement of exciton dissociation and carrier transport compared with the photoactive layer comprised of pentacene and N,N-ditridecyl-3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide (PTCDI-C(13)). The detailed exciton and carrier transport mechanisms are investigated using time-resolved photoluminescence and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy.

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