What is the protective effect of krill oil on rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury?

AIM: In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of krill oil (KO) against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury on rat ovary. METHODS: This study was conducted with 32 Wistar Albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups, with eight rats in each group-as follows: Sham group, I/R group, I/R + low dose KO group (50 mg) and I/R + high dose KO group (500 mg). The histopathological and follicle counts were performed on the right ovary. The total antioxidant status, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were evaluated on the left ovary. And also serum N-thiol level, serum T-thiol level, serum disulfide (SDS) level, serum disulfide/N-thiol and serum disulfide/T-thiol ratios were evaluated too. RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was determined between the I/R group and all the other groups for all parameters. There was significant difference between KO groups and the Sham group for the parameters of serum N-thiol, serum T-thiol, SDS, serum disulfide/N-thiol and serum disulfide/T-thiol. SDS, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were determined to be the highest in the I/R group and the lowest in the low dose KO group. The total antioxidant status values were found to be the highest in the high dose KO group and the lowest in the I/R group. Follicle counts and histological injury scores showed no significant difference between Sham and KO groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that KO has beneficial effects on decreasing the injury after I/R on rat ovary.

What is the protective effect of metformin on rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury?

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of metformin on the rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS: Thirty-seven female Wistar albino rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into five groups, as follows: sham operation group (group 1); torsion group (group 2); torsion/detorsion + saline group (group 3); torsion/detorsion + low-dose metformin group (group 4); and torsion/detorsion + high-dose metformin group (group 5). The right ovary from each rat was evaluated histologically using hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the left ovaries were evaluated for tissue levels of the reduced-glutathione-to-oxidized-glutathione ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), and caspase-3 activation. RESULTS: The highest damage score was observed in group 3, and the lowest score was observed in group 1. The tissue caspase-3 activity levels of groups 2, 3, and 4 were significantly higher than those of group 1. The difference between group 1 and group 5 in terms of tissue caspase-3 activity was not significant (P = 0.4). The reduced-glutathione-to-oxidized-glutathione ratio of group 1 was significantly higher than the ratios found in groups 2, 3, and 4. The tissue MDA level of group 1 was significantly lower than the levels found in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5. The tissue MDA level of group 5 was significantly lower than the levels in groups 3 and 4. CONCLUSION: From both histopathological and biochemical analyses, the results of the study demonstrated that metformin has beneficial effects when it comes to attenuating ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The impact of parity on perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by advanced maternal age.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of parity on perinatal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by advanced maternal age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 11 587 pregnancies were reviewed retrospectively from patient medical records. Singleton pregnancies greater than 24 weeks of gestation were included. The study group consisted of women ≥40 years old at the time of delivery, and the control group consisted of women aged between 20 and 30 years old. Data regarding age, parity, gestational age, mode of delivery, and obstetric and neonatal complications were collected. Firstly, pregnancies ≥40 years and the younger control group were compared altogether with respect to the obstetric and neonatal complications. Secondly, both groups were divided into subgroups according to parity, and a second comparison was made with controls. RESULTS: Mean maternal age in the study and control groups was 43±2.2 and 24±2.8 years, respectively. In women ≥40 years old, all of the investigated obstetric and neonatal complications except postpartum haemorrhage and foetal malformations were higher when compared to younger controls (p<0.05). In the nulliparous ≥40 year old group, the most significant complications were preterm delivery (45.3%), low 5-minute Apgar score (15.2%), and neonatal intensive care unit admission (15.2%). On the other hand, in the multiparous group, preeclampsia (16.6%), abruptio placentae (5.1%), foetal demise (7.2%), and macrosomia (9.6%) were found to be significantly higher when compared to controls. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that pregnancies of maternal age ≥40 years carry increased risks for both neonatal and obstetric complications, and these risks seem to be effected by parity.