Mechanism of paeoniflorin inhibiting apoptosis of hippocampal neurons of rats induced by lead acetate / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of paeoniflorin on hippocampal neuron apoptosis induced by lead acetate. Methods: In September 2020, primary hippocampal neuronal cells were isolated and cultured from fetal rats, and identified using cellular immunofluorescent. MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability to determine the concentration and time of lead acetate-induced hippocampal neuron apoptosis. MTT was also used to evaluate the effect of paeoniflorin concentration on the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons induced by lead acetate. According to the results, different concentrations of paeoniflorin were selected to intervene hippocampal neuron cells, after 24 h, lead acetate was added to the cells, meanwhile, blank and model groups were set up, the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) , superoxide dismutase (SOD) , lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) , malondialdehyde (MDA) and Caspase-3 were measured. Extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) , phosphorylated ERK (p-ERK) , p38 mitogen -activated protein kinases (p38MAPK) , phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) , c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) protein expression in hippocampal neuronal cells were determined by Western blotting. Results: The isolated and cultured hippocampal neurons were identified by immunofluorescence chemical staining and then treated with lead acetate, MTT results showed that lead acetate had the best toxicity effect when treated for 24 h at a concentration of 25 μmol/L. Paeoniflorin showed no cytotoxic effect on hippocampal neuronal cells when the concentrations below 80 μmol/L. Compared with the model group, the activity of hippocampal neuronal cells was significantly increased after treating with 20, 40 or 80 μmol/L paeoniflorin (P<0.05) . Compared with the blank group, the ROS activity, LDH release level, MDA content and caspase-3 content were significantly increased (P<0.01) , and the SOD activity was significantly decreased (P< 0.01) in the hippocampal neuronal cells of the model group. Compared with the model group, the ROS activity, LDH release level, MDA content and caspase-3 content were obviously decreased (P<0.05) , SOD activity was significantly increased (P <0.01) after hippocampal neuronal cells were treated with 40 or 80 μmol/L paeoniflorin. Relative to the model group, the ratio of p-ERK/ERK were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01) , while the ratios of p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK and p-JNK/JNK were significantly down-regulated after hippocampal neuronal cells were treated with 40 or 80 μmol/L paeoniflorin (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Paeoniflorin may down-regulate the expression of p-p38MAPK and p-JNK protein, up-regulate the expression of p-ERK protein, and inhibit the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons induced by lead acetate through the MAPK signaling pathway.

Involvement of histone modifications in process of uterine injury alleviated by TSA in female mice induced by cigarette smoke exposure / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore whether histone modifications are involved in the process of uterine injury alleviated by TSA in female mice induced by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. Methods Female mice were exposed to CS twice daily for 30 days and TSA was injected intraperitoneally into CS-exposed mice on alternate days in the TSA-treated group. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of mice uterus after CS exposure; Western blot was used to assess the global modification levels of H3K4mel, H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K9mel, H3K9me2, H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 in uteri. GLP (H3K9 his-tone methyltransferase) , G9a (H3K9 histone methyl- transferase) , EZH2 (H3K27me3 histone methyltrans ferase ). Results TSA effectively restored the number of glandular and interstitial cells reduced by CS exposure. Western blot results showed that TSA significantly inhibited global H3K9mel modification and further aggravated H3K27me3 change induced by CS exposure. Furthermore TSA suppressed GLP and G9n expression in mouse uterine tissue induced by CS exposure, but further activated EZH2 increase. Conclusions Histone modifications are involved in the process of uterine injury alleviated by TSA in female mice induced by cigarette smoke exposure.

Clinicopathological analysis of infantile/congenital fibrosarcomas with rare histological features / 中华病理学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical (IHC) phentotype,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of infantile/congenital fibrosarcoma (IFS/CFS) with unusual histological features.@*Methods@#Five IFS/CFS at Children′s Hospital of Fudan University from March 2014 to July 2018 were analyzed for their diagnosis and differential diagnosis.@*Results@#Two cases were males, three cases were females. The clinical manifestation of IFS/CFS was a rapidly-growing and painless mass. There were no specific radiologic features. Histologically, the tumor cells are arranged in intersecting or sheet-like patterns. There were focal hemangioma-like areas in four cases. There were also focal areas of primitive asteroid, short-spindled, and oval tumor cells in three cases. IHC study showed the tumor cells diffusely expressed TLE1(2/5), Vimentin(5/5), and WT1(3/5), in a cytoplastic pattern; they focally expressed CD34(3/5), CD31(3/5), and α-SMA(2/5). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) detected break-apart positivity of ETV6 gene.@*Conclusions@#Hemangioma-like pattern, myxoid area, and TLE1 expression is very rare in IFS/CFS. Detection of ETV6 gene break-apart by FISH is very helpful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of IFS/CFS.

Determination of 11Kinds of Aminoglycosides in Aquatic Products by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Solid Phase Extraction / 分析化学

An ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of 11 kinds of aminoglycosides (AGs), including paromomycin, spectinomycin, tobramycin, gentamycin, kanamycin, hygromycin B, apramycin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin,amikacin and neomycin in aquatic products. Samples were extracted by phosphate buffer solution, and purified on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) solid phase extraction column. After separated by Obelisc R chromatographic column, AGs were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. It showed a good linearity relationship in the AGs concentration range of 1.0-1000 ng/mL with the correlation coefficient R2>0.994. The limit of detection (LOD,S/N≥3) was ranged from 1.0 μg/kg to 10.0 μg/kg,and the limit of quantitation (LOQ,S/N≥10) was ranged from 2.0 μg/kg to 20.0 μg/kg. Besides, the average recoveries presented 78.4%-109.6% with the relative standard deviation (RSD, n=6) of 2.3%-14.9%. This method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of 11 kinds of AGs with high sensitivity in aquatic products.

Practice and Thought for the Promotion of Outpatient Electronic Medical Records / 医学信息学杂志

Through the practice of outpatient doctor station cored by the outpatient Electronic Medical Records (EMR),the paper discusses the disadvantages of outpatient paper medical records and the advantages of outpatient EMR,summarizes the key points and difficulties in promoting outpatient EMR,and meanwhile points out to pay attention to the integration with other information system,data standardization,perfection of the management system,integrated consultation system and other issues in the practice process.

Experimental study on the expression of α-SMA and HMGB1 in silicotic fibrosismodel rats interfered by lumbricus / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To observe the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and high mo-bility group protein B1 (HMGB1) in silicosis model rats interfered by lumbricus.@*Methods@#45 rats were ran-domly divided into the control group, model group and group interfered by lumbricus. The silicosis model rats were established. The group interfered by lumbricus were intragastric administered with lumbricus decoction by the 4 ml/kg dose. The control group and model group were ig administered with the equal amount of normal saline. Each group were killed 5 rats on the 7th, 14th and 28th day. The lung tissues were stained with HE and Sirius red methods. The mRNA expressions of α-SMA and HMGB1 were determined with RT-PCR; The pro-tein levels of α-SMA and HMGB1 were determined with Western blotting.@*Results@#Compared with the control group, the expression levels of α-SMA and HMGB1mRNA and protein in lung tissue of model group were grad-ually increased in the 7th, 14th and 28th days, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.01) . Compared with model group, the levels of α-SMA and HMGB1mRNA and protein in lung tissue of group interfered by lumbricus were gradually lowered in the 7th, 14th and 28th days, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05, P<0.01) .@*Conclusion@#Lumbricus inhibits the collagen deposition and the formation of silicosis pulmo-nary fibrosis, which may be related to the inhibition of HMGB1 expression and activation of α-SMA in lung tis-sue.

Design of the Graded Diagnosis Information System Based on the Provincial Health Information Platform / 医学信息学杂志

〔Abstract〕 The paper explains the construction background and objective of the graded diagnosis information system based on the provincial health information platform in Zhejiang province and introduces the system framework and function in detail .This system pro-vides uniform referral information service for medical institutions at all levels all over the province and realizes the exchange and sharing of dual referral records between basic health service institutions and big hospitals .

MicroRNA-210 mediates the protective effect of rosuvastatin on human mesenchymal stem cells apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-α / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect and mechanism of rosuvastatin on tumor necrosis factor-α induced human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) apoptosis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Human MSCs were treated as follows: (1) culture medium; (2) TNF-α (20 µg/ml) for 6 h; (3) rosuvastatin (20 µmol/L) for 24 h; (4) rosuvastatin (20 µmol/L) for 24 h followed by TNF-α (20 µg/ml) for 6 h; (5) TNF-α+rosuvastatin+50 nmol/L antago-miRNA; (6) TNF-α+rosuvastatin+100 nmol/L antago-miRNA. Cell survival and apoptosis were determined by MTT, TUNEL and caspase-3 activity assay. The changes of miRNA-210 in each group were detected with quantitative PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>TNF-α significantly induced human MSCs apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner, and pretreatment with rosuvastatin significantly reduced MSCs apoptosis (caspase-3 assay: TNF-α+Statin group vs. TNF-α group: (1.63 ± 0.25) vs. (2.05 ± 0.36), P < 0.05). Meanwhile, TNF-α progressively reduced the expression of miRNA-210 in human MSCs in a dose-dependent manner, while the miRNA-210 expression was significantly upregulated in TNF-α+Statin group (P < 0.05). The protective effect of rosuvastatin on TNF-α induced MSCs apoptosis was largely abolished by co-treatment with 100 nmol/L antago-miRNA (TUNEL:TNF-α + Statin + antago-miR group vs. TNF-α + Statin group: (42.58 ± 6.71) % vs. (16.87 ± 9.27) %, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pretreatment with rosuvastatin can significantly improve the viability of human MSCs after TNF-α injury, the protective mechanism of rosuvastatin is partly mediated through miRNA-210 up-regulation.</p>

Limited value of recovery phase-limited ST segment depression of treadmill exercise test / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Clinical meaning of recovery phase limited ST segment depression of a treadmill exercise test is controversial. The aim of this study was to re-assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of ST segment depression during the recovery phase with the active phase of a treadmill exercise test in suspected coronary artery disease patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical, exercise and angiographic data were retrospectively collected from 602 patients in the study. Five hundred and seventy-six patients developed ST segment depression during the active phase of the treadmill exercise test (group 1) and 26 patients developed ST segment depression only during the recovery phase (group 2).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With similar major clinical features, the prevalence of significant coronary artery stenosis and average Gensini scores were lower in the recovery phase-limited depression patients (group 2 vs. group 1, 50.0% vs. 66.9%, P = 0.031 and group 2 vs. group 1, 1.5 vs. 8.5, P = 0.04). At a median follow up of 50.9 months for 22 group 2 and 34.8 months for 438 group 1 patients, the prevalence of total cardiac events was higher in group 1 than in group 2 patients (RR 1.60, 95% CI 1.00-2.54, P = 0.049).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The present study provides preliminary evidence that the diagnostic and prognostic value of recovery phaselimited ST segment depression of treadmill exercise test is limited.</p>

Biocompatibility of alpha-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites for bone reconstruction application / 生物工程学报

We examined the biocompatibility and the safety of a-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites for bone reconstruction application. The biocompatibility of the CSH/MWCNT composites was evaluated by the measures which taking L929 fibroblast cells cultured in the extracted liquid of the composite soaking solution and putting bone marrow stromal cells planted on the composite pellets in vitro, respectively. The cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT test and further observed using an inverted optical microscope and a scanning electric microscope. The toxicity of the composites was evaluated by acute and subacute systemic toxicity test. Long-term muscle and bone implantation in vivo tests were also conducted. L929 fibroblast cells grew well in the extracted liquid, as well as bone marrow stromal cells that could adhere on the surface of sample pellets and proliferated rapidly. MTT test showed that there were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups (P > 0.05). In vivo test manifested that the composites were no toxicity, no irritation to skin and good for bone defect reconstruction. It was proved that a-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CSH)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites exhibited excellent biocompatibility for the potential application in bone tissue engineering.

Manipulative reduction and percutaneous pin fixation for the treatment of severely displaced proximal humerus fractures in children / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the results of manipulative reduction and percutaneous pin fixation for the treatment of severely displaced proximal humeru fracturess in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2006 to December 2010, 43 patients with severely displaced proximal humeru fractures were treated with manipulative reduction and percutaneous pin fixation. There were 28 boys and 15 girls,ranging in age from 3 to 17 years,with an average of 11.1 years. Preoperative diagnoses were confirmed by the X-ray films as Neer-Horwitz type III or IV fractures. All the patients were close fractures without nerve or vascular injuries. Under C-arm X-ray machine, anatomical reduction was achieved by manipulative reduction according to the bone fracture type. The fractures were fixed by percutaneous pinning. Postoperative X-ray confirmed anatomical reduction. Follow-up index were recorded: intra-operative and postoperative complications, postoperative radiographic examination, upper extremity length and range of shoulder motion. Neer score system was used to evaluate shoulder function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 3 to 37 months with an average of 20.4 months. The mean Neer score of the injured side was (95.0 +/- 4.3) (ranged, 85 to 100). Thirty-eight patients got an excellent result, 5 good. The X-ray showed all the fractures healed without shortening deformity or epiphyseal arrest at early stage. All the patients could participate in the normal physical activities and had a normal range of motion and excellent strength of the shoulder joint.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method of manipulative reduction and percutaneous pin fixation is relatively reliable treatment for severely displaced proximal humerus fractures in children.</p>

Immune clearance gastric carcinoma cells in ascites by activating caspase-9-induced apoptosis.

Floating gastric adenocarcinoma cells in ascitic fluid are the main cause of peritoneal dissemination. Activation of apoptosis is an important mechanism by which tumor cells are eliminated by the immune surveillance system. Hence, we examined caspase-9 expression and the apoptosis in gastric adenocarcinoma cells in ascitic fluid using immunohistochemistry, real-time polymerase chain reaction and in situ cell death detection kits, flow cytometry. The results revealed strong expression of caspase-9 in 58.49% (31/53) malignant cells and a relatively weak expression of caspase-9 in 41.51% (22/53) malignant cells. The proportion of apoptotic cells in 31 malignant cases with strong caspase-9 expression (35.14 ± 3.42)% was significantly higher than that in 22 malignant cases with relatively weak caspase-9 expression (17.29 ± 7.62)% or in mesothelial cells (10.76 ± 4.21%; p < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated that the patients with low caspase-9 expression showed significantly shorter survival (p < 0.05) than those with high caspase-9 expression. These findings suggest that immune clearance gastric carcinoma cells in ascites activated by caspase-9 helped to improve the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.

Effect of different anesthesia methods on immune function in patients of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in peri-operational period / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the influence of acupuncture combine with general anesthesia (ACGA) and general anesthesia (GA) on immune function in patients of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in peri-operational period.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-nine cases undergoing LC were randomly divided into an ACGA group and a GA group. The ACGA group was treated with electroacupuncture at Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36) and Yanglingquan (GB 34) for 15-30 minutes and subsequently with the general anesthesia followed by continuous electroacupuncture stimulation till the operation finished. The GA group was treated with simple general anesthesia. Changes of T cell subset, tumor necrosis factor-apha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were observed at time points of before anesthesia induction, 2 hours after operation, 1 and 3 days after operation and the occurrence of adverse reaction after operation was recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The percentages of CD3+ and CD8+ in both groups at 2 hours after operation were significant lower than that before anesthesia induction (all P < 0.05), and the percentage of CD4+ in the GA group decreased significantly at that time point (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in the ACGA group and CD4+/CD8+ increased significantly (P < 0.05). The level of TNF-alpha in the ACGA group decreased significantly at 3 days after operation as compared with that of before anesthesia induction (P < 0.05). There were significantly less cases nauseated after operation in the ACGA group than that in the GA group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture combine with general anesthesia has very little effect on immune function in patients of LC with less adverse reactions.</p>

The cross-talk between ROS and p38MAPKα in the Ex Vivo expanded human umbilical cord blood CD133(+) cells / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study investigated the correlation between and compared the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase α (p38MAPKα) in the ex vivo expanded umbilical cord blood (hUCB) CD133(+) cells. hUCB CD133(+) cells were cultured in the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) culture medium with N-acetylcysteine (NAC, an anti-oxidant), p38MAPKα-specific inhibitor (SB203580) or their combination. The levels of ROS and expression of phosphorylated p38MAPKα (p-p38) in CD133(+) cells were flow cytometrically detected. The efficacy of ex vivo expansion was evaluated by the density of CD133(+) cell sub-group colony-forming cells (CFC) and cobblestone area-forming cells (CAFC) assay. Our results showed decreased ROS levels in NAC, SB203580, and their combination treatment groups were almost 37%, 48%, and 85%, respectively. Furthermore, SB203580 abrogated the activation of p38MAPKα more obviously than NAC. Moreover, the CD133(+) cells in SB203580 treatment group had a 21.93±1.36-fold increase, and 14.50±1.19-fold increase in NAC treatment group, but only 10.13±0.57-fold increase in control group. In addition, SB203580 treatment led a higher level increase in the number of CFU and CAFC than NAC did. These findings suggested that, in expanded CD133(+) cells, ROS activates p38MAPKα, which, in turn, induces ROS production, and p38MAPKα might be the most suitable regulator in ROS-p38MAPKα pathway for the promotion of HSCs ex vivo expansion.

Influence of acupuncture at acupoints and non-acupoints on the perioperative analgesic effect in patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effect of general anesthesia, acupuncture at acupoints compound general anesthesia and acupuncture at non-acupoints compound general anesthesia on the perioperative analgesic effect in patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into a general anesthesia group (group A), an acupuncture at acupoints compound general anesthesia group (group B) and an acupuncture at non-acupoints compound general anesthesia group (group C), 30 cases in each group. General anesthesias were all induced by Fentanyl, Propofol and Vecuronium Bromide. The bilateral Hegu (LI 4), Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36) and Yanglingquan (GB 34) were selected in the group B, and the middle points of the line connecting the meridians where every acupoint mentioned above belonged and their lateral neighbor meridians selected in the group C. The dosage of anesthetics, the time of goggle and the time of evulsion cannulation and direction location in all the patients were compared, and the dosage of analgesia pump within 4, 6, 8, 24 and 44 hours and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain were recorded after surgery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The dosage of Fentanyl in the group B was obviously lower than that in both the group A and the group C (both P<0.05), and the dosages of Propofol and Vecuronium Bromide in the group B were obviously lower than those in the group A (P<0.05, P<0.01). The time of goggle, evulsion cannulation and direction location in the group B were significantly shorter than those in the other groups (all P<0.01). After surgery, the dosage of analgesia pump in the group B was significantly fewer than that in the group C within 4 and 6 hours (both P<0.05), and it was significantly fewer than that in the group A within 4, 6, 8 hours (all P<0.05). The scores of VAS of pain at 44th hour after surgery in the group B were obviously lower than those in the other groups (both P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acupuncture at acupoints can enhance the anesthetic effect of compound general anesthesia and prolong the analgesia period. Acupuncture at non-points has a certain effect, but their effectiveness is less than that of acupoints. Thus, the acupoint has the specificity and accurate acupoint selection is the key factor affecting analgesia effect.</p>

TRAF6 polymorphisms not associated with the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis in a Chinese population / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND: The tumor necrosis factor recepter associated factor (TRAF) 6 is an important intracellular adapter protein that plays a pivotal role in activating multiple inflammatory and immune related processes induced by cytokines. TRAF6 represents a strong candidate susceptibility factor for sepsis. We investigated whether polymorphisms at the TRAF6 gene are associated with the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis. METHODS: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 255 patients with sepsis and 260 controls who were recruited from Zhengzhou, China. Haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNPs) were selected from the HapMap database and genotyped using the SNPstream genotyping platform. The associations with the susceptibility and disease severity of sepsis were estimated by logistic regression, and adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, chronic diseases status, APACHEII score and critical illness status. RESULTS: A total of 13 TRAF6 SNPs were tagged by 7 htSNPs. Five htSNPs (rs5030490, rs5030411, rs5030416, rs5030445 and rs3740961) were genotyped in the case control study. Genotype frequencies of the htSNPs were conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both patients and controls. No significant association was found between the 5 htSNPs and the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis. Compared with the main haplotype -11120A/-10688T/-9423A/805G/12967G, no certain haplotype was associated with the significantly susceptibility to or severity of sepsis. CONCLUSION: TRAF6 gene polymorphisms might not play a major role in mediating the susceptibility to and severity of sepsis in the Chinese population. A larger population-based case-control study is warranted.

A study on the expression of CASP9 gene and its polymorphism distribution in non-small cell lung cancer / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of caspase 9(CASP9) gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) distribution of CASP9 in NSCLC patients and normal people.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the expression of CASP9 in 81 NSCLC and normal lung tissues. Two SNPs in CASP9 gene were chosen to be investigated. Genotypes of rs1052576 and rs1052571 in 81 NSCLC patients and 100 normal people were analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Legally constituted authority statistical analysis was applied to analyze SNP genotype frequency and allele frequency in patients and control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In comparision with normal lung tissues, CASP9 gene expression was obviously down-regulated in 44.4% (36/81) NSCLC tissues. rs1052571 located in exon 1 of CASP9 gene had no significant difference between two groups, rs1052576 located in exon 5 of CASP9 gene had significant difference between two groups, the G allele frequency in NSCLC patients was higher than those in healthy controls (P< 0.05); the AG genotype frequency in patients with lymph node metastasis was higher than those without lymph node metastasis (P< 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study confirms the association between CASP9 gene and NSCLC oncogenesis, rs1052576 which locates in exon 5 of CASP9 gene is associated with NSCLC. AG genotype has association with lymph node metastasis.</p>

Tyrosine-mediated inhibitory signals contribute to CTLA-4 function in vivo.

The ability of CTLA-4 to inhibit T cell activation may be either negatively or positively regulated by a critical tyrosine at position 201 (Y201) within the CTLA-4 cytoplasmic domain. By binding to the clathrin-associated adaptor complex AP-2 and inducing endocytosis, Y201 reduces the amount of CTLA-4 on the cell surface, thereby down-regulating CTLA-4 inhibitory function. Alternatively, Y201 may function to transmit CTLA-4 inhibitory signals, perhaps through binding to intracellular proteins that oppose TCR- and/or CD28-induced signal transduction. Results from studies performed in vitro have cast doubt on whether this second mechanism contributes significantly to CTLA-4 function. In order to determine if a role existed for Y201 in mediating CTLA-4 inhibitory signaling in vivo, we studied lymphocyte activation and homeostasis in CTLA-4(-/-) mice that were reconstituted with a transgenic CTLA-4 receptor in which Y201 was mutated to valine (Y201V/CTLA-4(-/-)). We found that despite augmented levels of CTLA-4 on the cell surface of T cells, Y201V/CTLA-4(-/-) mice developed a lymphoproliferative syndrome characterized by lymphadenopathy and the accumulation of T cells that secreted IL-4. Mutant T cells exhibited increased cell division when treated with suboptimal doses of mitogenic stimuli in vitro. These results demonstrate that in addition to down-modulating CTLA-4 expression on the cell surface of T cells, the Y201 residue also functions to transmit CTLA-4 inhibitory signals in vivo. Elucidating the biochemical pathways downstream of Y201 will be important for a full understanding of the molecular basis for CTLA-4 function.

Effects of different anesthesia methods on the T lymphocyte subsets and hemodynamics of patients with abdominal tumor in peri-operational period / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of different anesthesia Methods on the cellular immune function and mean arterial pressure, heart rate in patients with abdominal tumor in the peri-operational period.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients were anesthetized by general anesthesia (GA), combined acupuncture-general anesthesia (AGA), combined epidural-general anesthesia (EGA), and combined acupuncture-epidural-general anesthesia (AEA), respectively. Changes of T lymphocyte subsets and hemodynamics were observed at different time points before and after treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients' cellular immune function after GA was lowered, which could be alleviated by combination of GA with acupuncture anesthesia (AA) or with epidural anesthesia. Combined acupuncture-drug anesthesia showed a stabilizing effect on hemodynamics in peri-operational period to some extent.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EGA and AGA are good anesthesia choice in clinical practice, which would be favorable for early recovery of immune function in patients with abdominal tumor after operation.</p>