Surveillance of bacterial distribution and drug resistance in inpatients with surgical infections: a single center study / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the bacterial distribution and drug resistance in patients with surgical infections, and provide the basis for the standardization treatment of the surgical infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospectively analyzed from January 2008 to December 2011 surgical infection in our samples bacteria identification and drug sensitivity test results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 3829 nonduplicate isolates from 3257 samples, Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 62.4% (the main microbes were P.aeruginosa, K. pneumonia and E.coli etc) and Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 37.6% (the main microbes were Enterococcus, Staphylococcus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus). Incidence of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis were on an obvious increase. For the performance of the high level of sensitive to Imipenem, Amikacin, Piperacillin and Tazobactam by E. coli and K. pneumonia. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to cephalosporins, Carbapenems and Fluoroqinolones were higher resistant with Multidrug resistance. No vancomycin and teicoplanin resistant Enterococcus faecium were found. The prevalence of ESBL E.coli was 45.6%-61.5% and ESBL K.pneumoniae isolates were fluctuated. The methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) isolates were relatively high (21.1%-55.8%), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis was higher than the other Gram-positive cocci. Vancomycin for Staphylococcus performance was highly sensitive.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The main composition of surgical clinical infection pathogens are Gram-negative bacillus, and the emergency of resistance of bacteria to antibacterial drugs is a common phenomenon. The resistant rate shows ascendant trend; Drug resistance is significantly higher in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Antimicrobial resistance is a serious and challenging issue.</p>

Animal experimental study of biodegradable magnesium alloy stapler for gastrointestinal anastomosis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the safety and feasibility of biodegradable magnesium alloy stapler based on the result of animal experimental study for gastrointestinal anastomosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen beagle dogs were equally and randomly divided into experimental (magnesium alloy) group and control (titanium alloy) group. A gastrojejunal and a colonic anastomosis were performed in each beagle dog. The anastomosis time, postoperative complications, body weight, blasting pressure of anastomosis and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and serum magnesium were compared between the two groups. The healing of anastomosis and degradation of magnesium alloy were observed. The histopathological features of heart, liver, spleen and kidney were examined in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in anastomosis time, body weight, postoperative complications, anastomotic bursting pressure between the two groups. The anastomosis was healed well, and no dramatic inflammatory cell infiltration was observed. Magnesium alloy could be degraded completely in the animal body within 90 days. There were no significant differences in serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and serum magnesium between the two groups. Histopathological examination showed that the degradation of magnesium alloy did not harm the important organs (liver, kidney, heart, brain and spleen).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Magnesium alloy stapler is safe and feasible for gastrointestinal anastomosis in beagle dogs. The degradation of magnesium alloy does not harm the healing of anastomosis and other important organs. Magnesium alloy stapler may be a candidate of biodegradable and safe material of stapler for gastrointestinal anastomosis in human.</p>