The Association between SLAP Lesions and Critical Shoulder Angle and Glenoid Depth.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The critical shoulder angle (CSA) is formed by the combination of glenoid inclination and acromial index and has been shown related to rotator cuff tears and glenohumeral osteoarthritis. SLAP lesions today have an important place among bicipitolabral pathologies that cause intensive shoulder pain. We aimed to investigate the relationship between CSA and glenoid depth and SLAP lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between March 2017 and January 2022, 279 consecutive shoulder arthroscopy patients' MRI images were retrospectively examined. After the exclusion criteria, 191 patients were eligible. Patients with SLAP lesions (n=37) were assembled as the study group (Group 1), and patients with intact superior labrum (n=154) were named as the control group (Group 2). Critical shoulder angle (CSA) and glenoid depth measurements were performed using the preoperative MRI images. RESULTS: A total of 191 patients, of whom 84 were male (44%) were included. The mean age was 49.9±14.96 (range 18-79). There was a statistically signifi cant difference between the SLAP group (Group 1) and the control group (Group 2) in terms of CSA (p=0.032). The mean CSA was 31.66°±3.51° in Group 1 and 33.57° ±5.01° in Group 2. The cut-off value for CSA in patients with SLAP lesions was calculated as 32.85° and the area under the curve was 0.61, therefore a satisfactory association was observed between the groups. The mean glenoid depth was 4.32 ±1.25 mm in Group 1, and 4.39 ±0.32 mm in Group 2. There was no statistically signifi cant difference between the groups in terms of glenoid depth (p=0.136) and also no association between the glenoid depth and SLAP lesions was observed (cut-off=4.45 mm, AUC=0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Low CSA is associated with SLAP lesions, just as in glenohumeral osteoarthritis. Further prospective clinical studies are needed to enlighten the predisposing effect of CSA to SLAP lesions and the success of superior labral repairs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Retrospective comparative study, Level III.

DETERMINATION OF MANDIBULAR BONE CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM TREATED WITH LEVOTHYROXINE SODIUM.

Background: This study aimed to assess fractal dimension (FD) and the radiomorphometric indexes on the digital panoramic radiography (DPR) of patient with primary hypothyroidism receiving levothyroxine sodium replacement therapy. Methods: A total of 115 subjects were included in this cross sectional retrospective study. According to the results of the thyroid function tests, the subjects were divided into two groups as primary hypothyroidism (levothyroxine sodium replacement therapy given), (n = 57) and the healthy control group (n = 58). The fractal dimension (FD), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical width (MCW), gonial index (GI) and mandibular cortical index (MCI) values of all patients were calculated on DPRs. The statistical analysis of all data was performed with SPSS version 22. Results: The distributions of age and gender in the primary hypothroidism group were similar to control group (p = 0.19 and p = 0.62, respectively). The two groups did not differ statistically significantly in terms of FD, PMI, MCW, GI, and MCI. Conclusion: We determined that mandibular cortical and trabecular bone structure did not significantly differ between healthy individuals and patients receiving drug replacement theraphy due to hypothyroidism, but our results should be further supported with the investigation of clinical parameters.

One-year follow-up of the oxidative stress profile of patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

OBJECTIVE: Obesity is a major risk factor for developing a number of serious diseases, such as cardiometabolic changes and cancer. An increase in adipose tissue and a decrease in antioxidant capacity both contribute to the etiopathogenesis of these comorbidities. The most effective method in the treatment of morbid obesity is bariatric surgery. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is the most preferred method in bariatric surgery today. In this study, the potential improvement effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) surgery in the restoration of weight loss and endocrine and tissue-based deterioration was obtained by evaluating changes in oxidative stress, antioxidant agents, and lipid oxidation levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty patients who had LSG surgery were chosen, along with 50 healthy volunteers who were the same age and gender as these patients. Serum total antioxidant capacity measurement, total oxidant capacity measurement, malondialdehyde (MDA) for the measurement of lipid peroxidation degree, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels for the measurement of antioxidant levels were measured colorimetrically with the help of a commercial kit. RESULTS: Oxidative stress indices, MDA levels, and GPx levels of patients with morbid obesity treated with LSG were observed to decrease significantly compared to the preoperative period, while no significant changes were observed in SOD levels. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with morbidly obese conditions, the weight control achieved by sleeve gastrectomy, which is a restrictive method and thus causes a decrease in adipose tissue, causes a decrease in oxidative stress and an increase in the antioxidant response.

The relationship between Salusin-α, Salusin-ß, and Klotho levels with subclinical atherosclerosis in ankylosing spondylitis.

OBJECTIVE: Subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) is often observed in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients; Salusin-α (Sal-α), Salusin-ß (Sal-ß), and Klotho hormones are thought to be associated with atherosclerosis. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between Sal-α, Sal-ß, and Klotho levels with SA in AS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included patients older than 18 years who applied between August 1, 2019, and September 1, 2019. Patients with AS were included in the AS group, and patients without a known disease were included in the healthy group. Epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) measurements were used to assess SA. RESULTS: The study group included 38 (40.9%) patients diagnosed with AS, and the control group included 55 (59.1%) participants. CIMT and EATT levels were higher in the AS group than in the healthy group [0.37 (0.17) vs. 0.54±0.18, p<0.001; 0.44±0.11 vs. 0.54 (0.18), p=0.004, respectively]. There was no significant difference in Sal-α, Sal-ß, and Klotho levels between the AS and healthy groups (p>0.05). Furthermore, there was no observed relationship between EATT or CIMT and Klotho, Sal-α, or Sal-ß in either group (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although SA level was higher in AS patients, there was no relationship between SA and Sal-α, Sal-ß, and Klotho levels.

The effect of preemptive magnesium sulfate on postoperative pain in patients undergoing mastectomy: a clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: The effects of preemptive magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) infusion on perioperative hemodynamics and postoperative analgesia in female patients who underwent mastectomy were evaluated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-II female patients aged 18 years and over who underwent mastectomy were randomized into 2 groups, including 34 individuals each. The study group (Group I) was given 50 mg/kg MgSO4 in 250 ml isotonic 30 minutes before the induction, and the control group (Group II) was given 250 ml of normal isotonic solution. Standardized anesthesia was applied. Perioperative oxygen saturation, mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse (HR), sedation scores (ss) in the recovery unit, Verbal Numeric Rating Scale (VNRS), need for rescuer fentanyl, and analgesic needs in the surgical period were evaluated. RESULTS: Demographic variables were similar. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of the MAP, HR, and oxygen saturation values measured at entry, post-intubation, 15th, 30th, 45th, 60th minutes, and after extubation. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of VNRS scores in the recovery unit and at the 2nd, 4th, 8th, and 12th hours during the postoperative surgical period (p=0.0001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.004, 0.021, respectively). The need for rescue analgesics in the first 2 hours of recovery was found to be lower in the study group (p=0.005). The need for postoperative analgesics in the surgical period was not statistically significant (p=0.1). CONCLUSIONS: Preemptive use of MgSO4 reduces postoperative VNRS scores without affecting hemodynamic parameters during induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.

Epidemiological trends and seasonal dynamics of tuberculosis in Southeastern Turkey.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an important public health issue. Determining TB trend and seasonal variability provides useful information for designing treatment strategies and control programs. Aim: The present study attempts to investigate the epidemiological trend and the seasonal variations. Materials and Methods: TB data containing 2450 cases were collected over a period of seven years in the province of Diyarbakir in southeast Turkey. Trend function and seasonal variability were investigated by statistical curve fitting, surface fitting, and autoregressive time series analysis. Results: The study revealed a gradually decreasing trend in the number of TB cases over a period of seven years. Total TB incidence had seasonal variations (P = 0.04); there was a greater number of TB cases between April and July, with a peak in June. There were significant monthly seasonal variations with June peaks among females (P < 0.001), in patients in the age groups of 0-15 (P < 0.001) and 36-45 years (P < 0.001), in new cases (P < 0.001) and in the patients with pulmonary TB (P = 0.01). The extra-pulmonary TB cases peak in May (P = 0.01). Pulmonary TB and TB patients in the 36-45 age group had summer peak, while the other groups peaked at spring. Conclusions: Spring and summer peaks detected in total TB cases and in many subgroups indicate that multicenter and comprehensive clinical studies are needed to explain these variations.