The functions of cuproptosis in gastric cancer: therapy, diagnosis, prognosis.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent type of cancer in the whole world. Cuproptosis is discovered as a programmed cell death pathway and connected to cells' growth and death, as well as tumorigenesis. The relationship between cuproptosis and GC is still elusive. Two aspects of this study will elaborate the relationship between cuproptosis and immunotherapy as well as biomarkers in GC. Notably, the herein review is intended to highlight what has been accomplished regarding the cuproptosis for the diagnosis, immunotherapy, and prognosis in GC. The aim of this study is to offer a potential directions and the strategies for future research regarding cuproptosis inside the GC.

Bibliometric and visualized analysis of nonpharmaceutical TCM therapies for rheumatoid arthritis over the last 20 years using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software.

BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that poses a significant threat to a patient's quality of life. Commonly used drugs include glucocorticoids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biological agents; however, there are associated side effects. Complementary and alternative medicines can play positive roles. Bibliometric analysis of herbal medicines for RA has been conducted, but current research trends in nonpharmaceutical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapies for the treatment of RA have not been studied. Here, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of the application of nonpharmaceutical TCM therapies for RA over the last 20 years. METHODS: We retrieved relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection database and used VOSviewer and CiteSpace software for analysis. Visualized maps were then generated to display the relationships between the author, country, institution, and keywords. RESULTS: A total of 567 articles were included in the final analysis. The number of annual publications on nonpharmaceutical TCM interventions for RA increased over the study period. The journal with the highest number of publications on this topic was Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine; however, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews had the most citations. Collaborations were observed among worldwide institutions, with the People's Republic of China playing a dominant role in the research on treatment of RA using nonpharmaceutical TCM therapies. Ernst E was the most productive author, with 11 articles, whereas Green S had the highest number of citations (287) at the time of retrieval. Specific improvements in the efficacy and selection of nonpharmaceutical therapies were the main research hotspots based on citation burst analysis. CONCLUSION: This study characterizes the trends in the literature for nonpharmaceutical TCM therapy for RA over the past 20 years; showcasing the current research status for relevant researchers and their teams and providing a reference for future research directions.

Expression and functional analysis of cytochrome P450 genes in the integument of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata (Walker).

BACKGROUND: Mythimna separata is a devastating agricultural pest that has recently developed insecticide resistance. Integument-specific cytochrome P450s were reported to participate in cuticle formation and could be potential targets for pesticide synthesis. RESULTS: The transcriptome of integuments of M. separata larvae was constructed, generating a total of 38 058 unigenes with an average length of 1243 bp. These unigenes are enriched in functional categories such as lipid transport and metabolism, and secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism. Amongst unigenes, cytochrome P450s were identified and 66 unique P450s with complete open reading frames were named. These P450s were divided into 17 families and 32 subfamilies, containing conserved motifs such as helix C, helix I, helix K, and the heme-binding region. RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR analyses showed different expression levels of P450s in integuments of M. separata larvae. Further RT-qPCR analysis of P450s among different tissues showed that five P450s, especially CYP4G199, were specifically highly expressed in integuments. Moreover, knockdown of CYP4G199 disturbed cuticle formation, leading to imperfection in larval cuticle, and prevented pupation of M. separata. CONCLUSION: Transcriptome of larval integuments provided sequence and expression of genes in M. separata. CYP4G199 is specifically highly expressed in larval integuments and is important for cuticle formation in M. separata.