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Objective @#To investigate the role of lncSIL in transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)-induced alveo- lar epithelial interstitial transformation (EMT) and its related signaling pathways .@*Methods @#Western blot was used to detect the effect of lncSIL silencing on the expression of E-cadherin ( E-cad) , alpha-smooth muscle actin ( α- SMA) and Collagen I (Col I) in the process of EMT induced by TGF-β1 . LncSIL interacting proteins were ana- lyzed by RNA pulldown . Western blot was used to detect the effect of overexpression or silencing of lncSIL on the expression of its target gene enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and its downstream factors P21 and cyclin-de- pendent kinase 6 (CDK6) . Flow cytometry was used to analyze the effect of lncSIL on cell cycle progression .@*Results@#After lncSIL silencing , the expression of α-SMA and Col I increased , the expression of E-cad decreased . RNA pulldown assay showed that EZH2 was the target protein that interacted with lncSIL , and the expression of EZH2 increased after silencing lncSIL , the expression of EZH2 downstream gene P21 decreased , CDK6 increased . Flow cytometry showed that the number of cells in S phase significantly increased . When lncSIL was overexpressed , the expression of EZH2 and CDK6 was down-regulated , the expression of P21 was up-regulated , and the number of S phase cells significantly decreased .@*Conclusion @#LncSIL inhibits TGF-β1-induced alveolar epithelial cell mesen- chymal transition by negatively regulating EZH2/P21 /CDK6 signaling pathway to inhibit cell cycle progression .
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To revise GBZ 188 Technical Specification for Occupational Health Surveillance based on national laws, regulations, standards, specifications and legal documents of occupational disease, and combination with the actual situation in China. The main modifications are as follows: the occupational health surveillance for workers exposed to toluene (xylene may implement by reference), bromopropane, methyl iodide, ethylene oxide, chloroacetic acid, indium and its compounds, coal tar, coal tarasphalt, asphalt, β-naphthylamine, dust of metal and its compounds(tin, iron, antimony, barium and its compounds), hard metal dust, erionite dust, low temperature, laser, tick-borne encephalitis virus, Borrelia burgdorferi, and human immunodeficiency virus, for scraper or grind operators, and underground workers using squatting or kneeling position, crawling position, side-lying position, or shoulder position for a long period of time are included. The emergency health screening for workers exposed to arsenic, fluorine and its inorganic compounds, and acrylamide are included. The occupational medical examination (OME) for workers exposed to amino and nitro compounds of benzene, phosgene, monomethylamine, organic fluorine and dimethyl sulfate has been adjusted and made mandatory, with corresponding assessments required upon leaving the job. The special occupational health surveillance for workers exposed to mycobacterium tuberculosis and hepatitis virus is removed. The OME conclusion of reexamination is removed, and standardize recheck/additional inspection requirements. The optional items in OME performed before, during and after leaving post are removed, but the optional items in emergency medical examination are retained. Additional OME items are added. The Guideline for OME Summary Reports is added as informative appendix, and so on. The revised GBZ 188 Technical Specification for Occupational Health Surveillance is more scientific and practical.
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BACKGROUND@#Evidence on the relations of the American Heart Association's ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) with mortality in Asians is sparse, and the interaction between behavioral and medical metrics remained unclear. We aimed to fill the gaps.@*METHODS@#A total of 198,164 participants without cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were included from the China Kadoorie Biobank study (2004-2018), Dongfeng-Tongji cohort (2008-2018), and Kailuan study (2006-2019). Four behaviors (i.e., smoking, physical activity, diet, body mass index) and three medical factors (i.e., blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid) were classified into poor, intermediate, and ideal levels (0, 1, and 2 points), which constituted 8-point behavioral, 6-point medical, and 14-point ICH scores. Results of Cox regression from three cohorts were pooled using random-effects models of meta-analysis.@*RESULTS@#During about 2 million person-years, 20,176 deaths were recorded. After controlling for demographic characteristics and alcohol drinking, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) comparing ICH scores of 10-14 vs. 0-6 were 0.52 (0.41-0.67), 0.44 (0.37-0.53), 0.54 (0.45-0.66), and 0.86 (0.64-1.14) for all-cause, CVD, respiratory, and cancer mortality. A higher behavioral or medical score was independently associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality among the total population and populations with different levels of behavioral or medical health equally, and no interaction was observed.@*CONCLUSIONS@#ICH was associated with lower all-cause, CVD, and respiratory mortality among Chinese adults. Both behavioral and medical health should be improved to prevent premature deaths.
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Adulto , Humanos , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , População do Leste Asiático , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , FumarRESUMO
ObjectivesTo examine whether and to what extent hospital strain will increase the risk of death from Covid-19. DesignRetrospective cohort study. SettingEngland. ParticipantsData on all the 147,276 Covid-19 deaths and 601,084 hospitalized Covid-19 patients in England during the period between 9 April 2020 and 11 March 2022 were extracted on a daily basis from the UK Health Security Agency. Main outcome measuresThe number of Covid-19 patients currently in hospitals was used as the measure of hospital strain. Daily case fatality was estimated as the measure of risk of death from Covid-19. The study was divided into 4 periods, which represented largely the wild, Alpha, Delta and Omicron waves. Weighted linear regression models were used to assess the association between hospital strain and Covid-19 fatality with adjustment for potential confounders including vaccination score, hospital admission rate, percentage of deaths outside hospitals, study period and interaction between patients currently in hospitals and study period. ResultsThe daily case fatality from Covid-19 increased linearly as the number of patients currently in hospitals increased in the 4 study periods except the Omicron wave. After adjusting for potential confounders, an increase in 1000 patients currently in hospitals was associated with a relative increase of 6.3% (95% CI: 5.9%~6.8%), 1.4% (95% CI: 1.3% ~ 1.5%) and 12.7% (95% CI: 10.8%~14.7%) in daily case fatality during study periods 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Compared with the lowest number of patients currently in hospitals, the highest number was associated with a relative increase of 188.0% (95% CI: 165.9%~211.6%), 69.9% (95% CI: 59.0%~81.8%) and 58.2% (95% CI: 35.4%~89.0%) in daily case fatality in the first 3 study periods respectively. Sensitivity analyses using the number of patients in ventilation beds as the measure of hospital strain showed similar results. ConclusionsThe risk of death from Covid-19 was linearly associated with the number of patients currently in hospitals, suggesting any (additional) effort to ease hospital strain or maintain care quality be beneficial during large outbreaks of Covid-19 and likely of other similar infectious diseases. Summary boxO_ST_ABSWhat is already known on this topicC_ST_ABS- During the Covid-19 pandemic, tremendous efforts have been made in many countries to suppress epidemic peaks and strengthen hospital services so as to avoid hospital strain with an ultimate aim to reduce the risk of death from Covid-19. - These efforts were made according to the widely held belief that hospital strain would increase the risk of Covid-19 death but good empirical evidence was largely lacking to support the hypothesis. - A few small studies showed that shortage in intensive care was associated with an increased Covid-19 fatality but strains may occur in many areas in the healthcare system besides intensive care and they may all increase the risk of death from Covid-19. - The totality of hospital strain can be approximated by the number of patients currently in hospitals but its effects on the risk of Covid-19 death has not been demonstrated. What this study adds- We found the risk of death from Covid-19 was linearly associated with the number of patients currently in hospitals before the Omicron period. - Compared with the lowest number of patients currently in hospitals in an outbreak, the highest number could be associated with a relative increase in the risk of death between 58.2% and 188.0%. - The number of patients currently in hospitals during the Omicron period was not found associated with the risk of death but there remains uncertainty if the number of patients currently in hospitals reached a level much higher than that actually occurred in England or in places other than England. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy- Facing the on-going Covid-19 pandemic and future outbreaks alike, the linear relation between hospital strain and fatality suggests importantly any (additional) effort to reduce hospital strain would be beneficial during a large Covid-19 outbreak.
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OBJE CTIVE To mine and analyze t he cardiac adverse drug reaction (ADR)signals induced by febuxostat in post-marketing experience ,and to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic. METHODS Reporting odds ratio (ROR) method was used to mine the ADR signals induced by febuxostat from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System during the first quarter of 2009 to the fourth quarter of 2020;the information of cardiac disease signals was counted and analyzed. RESULTS A total of 209 ADR signals were detected in 8 282 adverse drug event (ADE)reports with febuxostat as the primary suspected drug , involving 27 cardiac signals and 754 ADE reports. The most reported signals were symptoms (262 reports),including dizziness , oedema peripheral,chest pain ,palpitations and gravitational oedema and so on ,followed by coronary atherosclerotic heart disease signal,heart failure signal ,arrhythmia signal ,sudden cardiac death signal (233,157,90,12 reports,respectively). More than half of the signals were mentioned in the drug instructions ,while the unmentioned signals were mainly kinds of cardiac failure , arrhythmia and extrasystoles ,etc. The patients with cardiac ADEs who received febuxostat were more male than female ,and the age was 60 and over ;the drug dosage was mostly 40 mg/d or 80 mg/d as recommended in the drug instructions ,and cardiac ADEs mostly occurred within 1 month of medication. CONCLUSIONS Routine attention should be paid to the cardiac safety of febuxostat during medication ,further evaluation and validation of febuxostat-induced cardiac ADR signals are still needed.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of selective brain hypothermia on small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)ylation of cerebral cortex during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods A total of 120 healthy clean-grade male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 8 weeks,weighing 200-250 g,were divided into 4 groups (n=30 each) by a random number table method:sham operation group (group S),group I/R,selective brain hypothermia group (group H) and 37 ℃ normal saline group (group N).Rats were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate 3 ml/kg.Cerebral ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion using a nylon thread with rounded tip inserted into the right internal carotid artery and advanced cranially until resistance was met.The right middle cerebral artery was occluded for 2 h followed by reperfusion in group I/R.10-13 ℃ normal saline was infused at the rate of 100 ml · kg-1 · h-1 for 20 min starting from the time point immediately after removing the nylon thread in group H.37 ℃ normal saline was infused instead at the same rate for 20 min in N group.The neurological deficit were assessed and scored at 6,24 and 48 h after reperfusion.The cerebral cortex on ischemic side was then removed for determination of cell apoptosis (by TUNEL) and expression of SUMO sepcific proteases 3 (SENP3) and SUMO2/3-conjugated protein (by Western blot).The apoptotic rate was calculated.Results Compared with group S,the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly increased,and the expression of SUMO2/3-conjugated protein was up-regulated at each time point after reperfusion in the other three groups (P<0.05),and the expression of SENP3 was significantly up-regulated in I/R and N groups and down-regulated in group H (P<0.01).Compared with group I/R,the neurological deficit score and apoptosis rate were significantly decreased,the expression of SUMO2/3-conjugated protein was up-regulated,and the expression of SENP3 was down-regulated in group H (P<0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which selective brain hypothermia reduces cerebral I/R injury is related to enhancing SUMOylation of cerebral cortex in rats.
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Objective This study was aimed to investigate the effects of ω-3 polyunstaurated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on the growth of gastric cancer cells in nude mice,and to find whether the Ros homolog gene Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 (RHO-ROCK1) signaling pathway is involved.Methods 16 BALB/C nude mice were injected subcutaneously with SGC7901 gastric cancer cells to establish the tumor-bearing mouse model.The mice were randomized:control group (normal saline) and intervention group (ω-3 PUFAs).The mRNA expression of Ros homolog gene family,member A (RHOA),RHOC,and ROCK1 in tumor tissue were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to detect RHOA,RHOC,and ROCK1 protein expression.Results The volume and weight of the tumors in the ω-3 PUFAs group were slightly smaller than that in the control group (P > 0.05).Compared to the control group,hematoxylin and eosin staining showed multifocal tumor necrosis in the ω-3 PUFAs group,while the tumors of the control group showed abundant blood supply.qPCR and Western blot showed that the mRNA and proteins expression of RHOA and ROCK1 in the ω-3 PUFAs group was significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).The immunofluorescence redults also showed that the expression of these proteins in the ω-3 PUFAs group was slightly lower than that in the control group.Conclusions These results suggested that ω-3 PUFAs may affect the growth of gastric cancer in nude mice by affecting the expression of RHOA,RHOC and ROCK1,thus inhibiting the excessive proliferation of gastric cancer cells and leading to tumor necrosis.
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Objective To study the optimal management of the closed-loop management in safe practice of nursing teaching in private hospitals.Method Through analyzing the causes and problems during the teaching of nursing adverse events,the closed-loop management in safe practice of nursing teaching was investigated,including the closed-loop management team,implementation cycle and range,etc.Totally 100 teachers and 220 students were chosen in 27 clinical teaching departments of our hospital during January 2013 and March 2014.The teachers were divided into experimental group (n=50) and the control group (n=50).The closed-loop management model was applied in experimental group while routing management was applied in control group.At the same time,220 students' behavior in experimental group was compared before and after the closed-loop management.Through the evaluation of nursing teaching' safe hidden trouble and questionnaire survey,the nursing teaching of both groups were safe.SAS 9.2 was applied to do statistical analysis and non-parametric Wilcoxon Fisher exact test and x2 test were used.Results The number of teachers' operating key points in experimental group was significantly higher than the control group,with statistically significant differences (46 vs.15) (P=0.000).The safety hazard times of nursing teaching were 38 and 8 respectively before and after the closed loop management,and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.000).In addition,the comparison before the students' implementing the check system,hospital safety index patients and regulation for technical operations and hospital infection was significant after the closedloop management (P<0.01 for all).Conclusion The full implementation of the closed-loop management,effective tracking and prevention in place,can optimize the safety management of nursing teaching.
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Objective To explore the related risk factors of type 2 diabetic nephropathy,and to provide theoretical basis to make the strategy of prevention of diabetic nephropathy.Methods By case-control study method,98 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy were selected as the observation group.98 diabetes mellitus patients without kidney disease were selected as control group.Single factor analysis and non-conditional logistic regression analysis were conducted in two groups.Results The results of single factor analysis showed that type 2 diabetic nephropathy was closely related to family history of diabetes,course of diabetes,high blood pressure,diabetic retinopathy,BMI,coronary heart disease,HbAlc,FPG,2hPG,CRP (P < 0.05).The results of multiple factors of logistic regression showed that type 2 diabetic nephropathy was closely related to course of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy,CRP,HbA1c,FPG(P <0.05).Conclusion Course of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy,CRP,HbA1c,FPG are independent risk factors for type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence of occupational asthma,airway inflammation and analyze the risk factors for workers exposed to isocyanates.Methods A cross-sectional study was applied.Totally 429 isocyanates exposed workers were surveyed and the prevalence of occupational asthma and airway inflammation situation were examined by questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory tests.Multivariate logistic regression was applied to analyze the possible risk factors of isocyanate-induced occupational asthma.Results (1) A total of 366 patients with complete data were included in the study,and finally 11 cases were diagnosed as isocyanate-induced occupational asthma with a prevalence of 3.0%.(2) Neutrophil percentage in the induced sputum of occupational asthma increased significantly [42.00% (34.00%-55.00%) before work and 59.00% (51.00%-70.00%) after work (Z =-2.940.P < 0.05)].(3) Length of service (OR =3.096,P =0.025) and rhinitis (OR =1.901,P =0.008) were independent dangerous factors,and protective measures (OR =0.074,P =0.015) was protective factors to isocyanateinduced occupational asthma.Conclusions Neutrophilic inflammation can be triggered by isocyanate exposure.Regular health examinations,effective protective measures can reduce the prevalence of isocyanateinduced occupational asthma.