The past 10 years of molecular ferroelectrics: structures, design, and properties.

Ferroelectricity, which has diverse important applications such as memory elements, capacitors, and sensors, was first discovered in a molecular compound, Rochelle salt, in 1920 by Valasek. Owing to their superiorities of lightweight, biocompatibility, structural tunability, mechanical flexibility, etc., the past decade has witnessed the renaissance of molecular ferroelectrics as promising complementary materials to commercial inorganic ferroelectrics. Thus, on the 100th anniversary of ferroelectricity, it is an opportune time to look into the future, specifically into how to push the boundaries of material design in molecular ferroelectric systems and finally overcome the hurdles to their commercialization. Herein, we present a comprehensive and accessible review of the appealing development of molecular ferroelectrics over the past 10 years, with an emphasis on their structural diversity, chemical design, exceptional properties, and potential applications. We believe that it will inspire intense, combined research efforts to enrich the family of high-performance molecular ferroelectrics and attract widespread interest from physicists and chemists to better understand the structure-function relationships governing improved applied functional device engineering.

Surveying biomedical relation extraction: a critical examination of current datasets and the proposal of a new resource.

Natural language processing (NLP) has become an essential technique in various fields, offering a wide range of possibilities for analyzing data and developing diverse NLP tasks. In the biomedical domain, understanding the complex relationships between compounds and proteins is critical, especially in the context of signal transduction and biochemical pathways. Among these relationships, protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are of particular interest, given their potential to trigger a variety of biological reactions. To improve the ability to predict PPI events, we propose the protein event detection dataset (PEDD), which comprises 6823 abstracts, 39 488 sentences and 182 937 gene pairs. Our PEDD dataset has been utilized in the AI CUP Biomedical Paper Analysis competition, where systems are challenged to predict 12 different relation types. In this paper, we review the state-of-the-art relation extraction research and provide an overview of the PEDD's compilation process. Furthermore, we present the results of the PPI extraction competition and evaluate several language models' performances on the PEDD. This paper's outcomes will provide a valuable roadmap for future studies on protein event detection in NLP. By addressing this critical challenge, we hope to enable breakthroughs in drug discovery and enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying various diseases.

Rational Design of 2D Metal Halide Perovskites with Low Congruent Melting Temperature and Large Melt-Processable Window.

Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have garnered significant attention due to their distinctive optical and electronic properties, coupled with excellent processability. However, the thermal characteristics of these materials are often overlooked, which can be harnessed to cater to diverse application scenarios. We showcase the efficacy of lowering the congruent melting temperature (Tm) of layered 2D MHPs by employing a strategy that involves the modification of flexible alkylammonium through N-methylation and I-substitution. Structural-property analysis reveals that the N-methylation and I-substitution play pivotal roles in reducing hydrogen bond interactions between the organic components and inorganic parts, lowering the rotational symmetry number of the cation and restricting the residual motion of the cations. Additional I···I interactions enhance intermolecular interactions and lead to improved molten stability, as evidenced by a higher viscosity. The 2D MHPs discussed in this study exhibit low Tm and wide melt-processable windows, e.g., (DMIPA)2PbI4 showcasing a low Tm of 98 °C and large melt-processable window of 145 °C. The efficacy of the strategy was further validated when applied to bromine-substituted 2D MHPs. Lowering the Tm and enhancing the molten stability of the MHPs hold great promise for various applications, including glass formation, preparation of high-quality films for photodetection, and fabrication of flexible devices.

Fabrication of a surface molecularly imprinted polymer membrane based on a single template and its application in the separation and extraction of phenytoin, phenobarbital and lamotrigine.

An innovative molecularly imprinted polymer membrane (MIPM) was prepared with polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) as the support, phenytoin (PHT) as the single template, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the cross-linking reagent, azobisisobutyronitrile as the initiator, and acetonitrile-dimethylformamide (1 : 1.5, v/v) as the porogen. These materials were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Their adsorption performances were evaluated through a series of experiments including isothermal adsorption, kinetic adsorption, selective adsorption, adsorption-desorption, reusability, and preparation reproducibility. Additionally, the application was explored by investigating the extraction recovery of MIPMs towards PHT, phenobarbital (PHB) and lamotrigine (LTG) in different matrices including methanol, normal saline (NS), phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and plasma. The results showed that MIPMs with rough and porous surfaces were successfully constructed, which offered good preparation reproducibility, reusability and selectivity. The adsorption capacities of MIPMs towards PHT, PHB and LTG were 2.312, 2.485 and 2.303 mg g-1, respectively, while their corresponding imprinting factors were 8.538, 12.122 and 4.562, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium of MIPMs was achieved within 20 min at room temperature without stirring or ultrasonication. The extraction recoveries of MIPMs for PHT, PHB or LTG in methanol, NS and PBS were more than 80% with an RSD% value of less than 3.64. In the case of plasma, the extraction recovery of MIPMs for PHT and PHB was more than 80% with an RSD% value of less than 2.41, while that of MIPMs for LTG was more than 65% with an RSD% value of less than 0.99. All the results indicated that the preparation method for MIPMs was simple, stable, and reliable, and the prepared MIPMs possessed excellent properties to meet the extraction application of PHT, PHB and LTG in different matrices.

Analysis and modeling of radio propagation fading characteristics in tunnel construction.

With the development of underground rail transit, the concept of intelligent tunnel construction has been proposed and promoted. High-quality networking during tunnel construction is a prerequisite for this, making it highly urgent to establish networking during tunnel construction. When studying intra-tunnel networking, it is necessary to consider the propagation characteristics of radio waves in the tunnel. In this paper, according to the actual needs of engineering in tunnel construction and the characteristics of tunnel scenes, an improved ray tracing method is proposed, which considers the type and installation position of antennas, transceiver frequency band and power in channel modeling, and proposes a field strength calculation method under different coordinate systems according to the characteristics of straight and curved segments during tunnel construction. In addition, the propagation characteristics of radio waves in dynamic tunnel construction scenarios are quantitatively analyzed. In this paper, by establishing antenna diagram, two-dimensional and three-dimensional models of tunnels, the computer simulation method is applied to compare with the improved algorithm, and the results have good consistency, in addition, the improved algorithm does not require a lot of modeling work in the early stage, and has high applicability and portability. Not only that, this paper also makes actual measurements of the subway under construction in Zhengzhou, China in different scenarios, and verifies the effectiveness of the method.

Two-dimensional heterojunction layered graphene oxide/graphitic carbon nitride photocatalyst for removal of toxic environmental dye methylene blue.

The direct thermal polymerization techniques were applied to prepare the graphene oxide (GO)-graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) hybrid structure. The prepared hybrid heterojunction GO-gCN nanosheets were utilized as a photocatalyst to remove model pollutants methylene blue (MB) dye. The basic physio-chemical properties of GO-gCN layered materials have been analyzed by various characterization techniques. In addition, the proposed materials have a higher photocatalytic ability toward the degradation of aqueous solution of MB dye under visible light irradiation within a short treatment time. This is because it's the synergistic effects of GO-gCN layer-by-layer structures produced by π─π stacking with charge-transfer interactions. The gCN with GO composite can able to enhance the charge transfer and light-harvesting properties. Under the influence of photocatalyst, the surface of Graphene oxide undergoes the separation and combination of carbonyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals, epoxy radicals, and electron-hole pairs. This enhances the absorption of visible light and improves the degradation of MB, when GO is incorporated into gCN. The removal efficiency of MB reached up to 82.311% within the short treatment time.

HBV DNA Integration into Telomerase or MLL4 Genes and TERT Promoter Point Mutation as Three Independent Signatures in Subgrouping HBV-Related HCC with Distinct Features.

Introduction: A set of genetic mutations to classify hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) useful to clinical studies is an unmet need. Hepatitis B virus-related HCC (HBV-HCC) harbors a unique genetic mutation, namely, the HBV integration, among other somatic endogenous gene mutations. We explored a combination of HBV DNA integrations and common somatic mutations to classify HBV-HCC by using a capture-sequencing platform. Methods: A total of 153 HBV-HCCs after surgical resection were subjected to capture sequencing to identify HBV integrations and three common somatic mutations in genomes. Three mutually exclusive mutations, HBV DNA integration into the TERT promoter, HBV DNA integration into MLL4, or TERT promoter point mutation, were identified in HBV-HCC. Results: They were used to classify HBV-HCCs into four groups: G1 with HBV-TERT integration (25.5%); G2 with HBV-MLL4 integration (10.5%); G3 with TERT promoter mutation (30.1%); and G4 without these three mutations (34.0%). Clinically, G3 has the highest male-to-female ratio, cirrhosis rate, and associated with higher early recurrence and mortality after resection, but G4 has the best outcome. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a grouping different from the published ones and G2 with an active immune profile related to immune checkpoint inhibitor response. Analysis of integrated HBV DNA provided clues for HBV genotype and variants in carcinogenesis of different HCC subgroup. This new classification was also validated in another independent cohort. Conclusion: A simple and robust genetic classification was developed to aid in understanding HBV-HCC and in harmonizing clinical studies.

Neuronal small extracellular vesicles carrying miR-181c-5p contribute to the pathogenesis of epilepsy by regulating the protein kinase C-δ/glutamate transporter-1 axis in astrocytes.

Information exchange between neurons and astrocytes mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) is known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of central nervous system diseases. A key driver of epilepsy is the dysregulation of intersynaptic excitatory neurotransmitters mediated by astrocytes. Thus, we investigated the potential association between neuronal EV microRNAs (miRNAs) and astrocyte glutamate uptake ability in epilepsy. Here, we showed that astrocytes were able to engulf epileptogenic neuronal EVs, inducing a significant increase in the glutamate concentration in the extracellular fluid of astrocytes, which was linked to a decrease in glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) protein expression. Using sequencing and gene ontology (GO) functional analysis, miR-181c-5p was found to be the most significantly upregulated miRNA in epileptogenic neuronal EVs and was linked to glutamate metabolism. Moreover, we found that neuronal EV-derived miR-181c-5p interacted with protein kinase C-delta (PKCδ), downregulated PKCδ and GLT-1 protein expression and increased glutamate concentrations in astrocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings demonstrated that epileptogenic neuronal EVs carrying miR-181c-5p decrease the glutamate uptake ability of astrocytes, thus promoting susceptibility to epilepsy.

The value of CT-based radiomics in predicting hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke patients without recanalization therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical value of radiomics based on non-enhanced head CT in the prediction of hemorrhage transformation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Materials and methods: A total of 140 patients diagnosed with AIS from January 2015 to August 2022 were enrolled. Radiomic features from infarcted areas on non-enhanced CT images were extracted using ITK-SNAP. The max-relevance and min-redundancy (mRMR) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to select features. The radiomics signature was then constructed by multiple logistic regressions. The clinicoradiomics nomogram was constructed by combining radiomics signature and clinical characteristics. All predictive models were constructed in the training group, and these were verified in the validation group. All models were evaluated with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results: Of the 140 patients, 59 experienced hemorrhagic transformation, while 81 remained stable. The radiomics signature was constructed by 10 radiomics features. The clinicoradiomics nomogram was constructed by combining radiomics signature and atrial fibrillation. The area under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the clinical model, radiomics signature, and clinicoradiomics nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic transformation in the training group were 0.64, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical model, radiomics signature, and clinicoradiomics nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic transformation in the validation group were 0.63, 0.90, and 0.90, respectively. The DCA curves showed that the radiomics signature performed well as well as the clinicoradiomics nomogram. The DCA curve showed that the clinical application value of the radiomics signature is similar to that of the clinicoradiomics nomogram. Conclusion: The radiomics signature, constructed without incorporating clinical characteristics, can independently and effectively predict hemorrhagic transformation in AIS patients.

Kisspeptin-10 binding to Gpr54 in osteoclasts prevents bone loss by activating Dusp18-mediated dephosphorylation of Src.

Osteoclasts are over-activated as we age, which results in bone loss. Src deficiency in mice leads to severe osteopetrosis due to a functional defect in osteoclasts, indicating that Src function is essential in osteoclasts. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the targets for ∼35% of approved drugs but it is still unclear how GPCRs regulate Src kinase activity. Here, we reveal that GPR54 activation by its natural ligand Kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) causes Dusp18 to dephosphorylate Src at Tyr 416. Mechanistically, Gpr54 recruits both active Src and the Dusp18 phosphatase at its proline/arginine-rich motif in its C terminus. We show that Kp-10 binding to Gpr54 leads to the up-regulation of Dusp18. Kiss1, Gpr54 and Dusp18 knockout mice all exhibit osteoclast hyperactivation and bone loss, and Kp-10 abrogated bone loss by suppressing osteoclast activity in vivo. Therefore, Kp-10/Gpr54 is a promising therapeutic target to abrogate bone resorption by Dusp18-mediated Src dephosphorylation.

Effects of Peanut Rust Disease (Puccinia arachidis Speg.) on Agricultural Production: Current Control Strategies and Progress in Breeding for Resistance.

Peanuts play a pivotal role as an economic crop on a global scale, serving as a primary source of both edible oil and protein. Peanut rust (Puccinia arachidis Speg.) disease constitutes a significant global biotic stress, representing a substantial economic threat to the peanut industry by inducing noteworthy reductions in seed yields and compromising oil quality. This comprehensive review delves into the distinctive characteristics and detrimental symptoms associated with peanut rust, scrutinizing its epidemiology and the control strategies that are currently implemented. Notably, host resistance emerges as the most favored strategy due to its potential to surmount the limitations inherent in other approaches. The review further considers the recent advancements in peanut rust resistance breeding, integrating the use of molecular marker technology and the identification of rust resistance genes. Our findings indicate that the ongoing refinement of control strategies, especially through the development and application of immune or highly resistant peanut varieties, will have a profound impact on the global peanut industry.

JD-312 - A novel small molecule that facilitates cartilage repair and alleviates osteoarthritis progression.

Background: The chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to enhance cartilage repair and regeneration is a promising strategy to alleviate osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Method: The potency of JD-312 in inducing chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs was assessed and verified. The efficacy of JD-312-treated MSCs was evaluated using a Sprague-Dawley rat DMM model. Additionally, the capacity of JD-312 to successfully recruit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for the treatment of OA in vitro was confirmed via intra-articular injection. The repair status of the articular cartilage was analyzed in vivo through histological examination. Result: In this study, we identify JD-312 as a novel non-toxic small molecule that can promote chondrogenic differentiation in human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUCMSCs) and human bone marrow MSCS (hBMSCs) in vitro. We also show that transient differentiation of MSCs with JD-312 prior to in vivo administration remarkably improves the regeneration of cartilage and promotes Col2a1 and Acan expression in rat models of DMM, in comparison to kartogenin (KGN) pre-treatment or MSCs alone. Furthermore, direct intra-articular injection of JD-312 in murine model of OA showed reduced loss of articular cartilage and improved pain parameters. Lastly, we identified that the effects of JD-312 are at least in part mediated via upregulation of genes associated with the focal adhesion, PI3K-Akt signaling and the ECM-receptor interaction pathways, and specifically cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) may play a vital role. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that JD-312 showed encouraging repair effects for OA in vivo. The translational potential of this article: Together, our findings demonstrate that JD-312 is a promising new therapeutic molecule for cartilage regeneration with clinical potential.

Lithium-Ion Charged Polymer Channels Flattening Lithium Metal Anode.

The concentration difference in the near-surface region of lithium metal is the main cause of lithium dendrite growth. Resolving this issue will be key to achieving high-performance lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we construct a lithium nitrate (LiNO3)-implanted electroactive ß phase polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) crystalline polymorph layer (PHL). The electronegatively charged polymer chains attain lithium ions on the surface to form lithium-ion charged channels. These channels act as reservoirs to sustainably release Li ions to recompense the ionic flux of electrolytes, decreasing the growth of lithium dendrites. The stretched molecular channels can also accelerate the transport of Li ions. The combined effects enable a high Coulombic efficiency of 97.0% for 250 cycles in lithium (Li)||copper (Cu) cell and a stable symmetric plating/stripping behavior over 2000 h at 3 mA cm-2 with ultrahigh Li utilization of 50%. Furthermore, the full cell coupled with PHL-Cu@Li anode and LiFePO4 cathode exhibits long-term cycle stability with high-capacity retention of 95.9% after 900 cycles. Impressively, the full cell paired with LiNi0.87Co0.1Mn0.03O2 maintains a discharge capacity of 170.0 mAh g-1 with a capacity retention of 84.3% after 100 cycles even under harsh condition of ultralow N/P ratio of 0.83. This facile strategy will widen the potential application of LiNO3 in ester-based electrolyte for practical high-voltage LMBs.

Sustained Release-Driven Interface Engineering Enables Fast Charging Lithium Metal Batteries.

LiNO3 has attracted intensive attention as a promising electrolyte additive to regulate Li deposition behavior as it can form favorable Li3 N, LiNx Oy species to improve the interfacial stability. However, the inferior solubility in carbonate-based electrolyte restricts its application in high-voltage Li metal batteries. Herein, an artificial composite layer (referred to as PML) composed of LiNO3 and PMMA is rationally designed on Li surface. The PML layer serves as a reservoir for LiNO3 release gradually to the electrolyte during cycling, guaranteeing the stability of SEI layer for uniform Li deposition. The PMMA matrix not only links the nitrogen-containing species for uniform ionic conductivity but also can be coordinated with Li for rapid Li ions migration, resulting in homogenous Li-ion flux and dendrite-free morphology. As a result, stable and dendrite-free plating/stripping behaviors of Li metal anodes are achieved even at an ultrahigh current density of 20 mA cm-2 (>570 h) and large areal capacity of 10 mAh cm-2 (>1200 h). Moreover, the Li||LiFePO4 full cell using PML-Li anode undergoes stable cycling for 2000 cycles with high-capacity retention of 94.8%. This facile strategy will widen the potential application of LiNO3 in carbonate-based electrolyte for practical LMBs.

ALDOA coordinates PDE3A through the ß-catenin/ID3 axis to stimulate cancer metastasis and M2 polarization in lung cancer with EGFR mutations.

Lung cancer has a high incidence rate and requires more effective treatment strategies and drug options for clinical patients. EGFR is a common genetic alteration event in lung cancer that affects patient survival and drug strategy. Our study discovered aberrant aldolase A (ALDOA) expression and dysfunction in lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations. In addition to investigating relevant metabolic processes like glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATPase activity, we examined multi-omics profiles (transcriptomics, proteomics, and pull-down assays). It was observed that phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) enzyme and ALDOA exhibit correlation, and furthermore, they impact M2 macrophage polarization through ß-catenin and downstream ID3. In addition to demonstrating the aforementioned mechanism of action, our experiments discovered that the PDE3 inhibitor trequinsin has a substantial impact on lung cancer cell lines with EGFR mutants. The trequinsin medication was found to decrease the M2 macrophage polarization status and several cancer phenotypes, in addition to transduction. These findings have potential prognostic and therapeutic applications for clinical patients with EGFR mutation and lung cancer.

First Observation of Negative Capacitance in Molecular Ferroelectric Thin Films.

On the path of persisting Moore's Law, one of the biggest obstacles is the "Boltzmann tyranny," which defines the lower limit of power consumption of individual transistors. Negative capacitance (NC) in ferroelectrics could provide a solution and has garnered significant attention in the fields of nanoelectronics, materials science, and solid-state physics. Molecular ferroelectrics, as an integral part of ferroelectrics, have developed rapidly in terms of both performance and functionality, with their inherent advantages such as easy fabrication, mechanical flexibility, low processing temperature, and structural tunability. However, studies on the NC in molecular ferroelectrics are limited. In this study, the focus is centered on the fabricated high-quality thin films of trimethylchloromethyl ammonium trichlorocadmium(II), and a pioneering investigation on their NC responses is conducted. The findings demonstrate that the NC exhibited by molecular ferroelectrics is comparable to that of conventional HfO2 -based ferroelectrics. This underscores the potential of molecular material systems for next-generation electronic devices.

Volume-Confined Fabrication of Large-Scale Single-Crystalline Molecular Ferroelectric Thin Films and Their Applications in 2D Materials.

With outstanding advantages of chemical synthesis, structural diversity, and mechanical flexibility, molecular ferroelectrics have attracted increasing attention, demonstrating themselves as promising candidates for next-generation wearable electronics and flexible devices in the film form. However, it remains a challenge to grow high-quality thin films of molecular ferroelectrics. To address the above issue, a volume-confined method is utilized to achieve ultrasmooth single-crystal molecular ferroelectric thin films at the sub-centimeter scale, with the thickness controlled in the range of 100-1000 nm. More importantly, the preparation method is applicable to most molecular ferroelectrics and has no dependency on substrates, showing excellent reproducibility and universality. To demonstrate the application potential, two-dimensional (2D) transitional metal dichalcogenide semiconductor/molecular ferroelectric heterostructures are prepared and investigated by optical spectroscopic method, proving the possibility of integrating molecular ferroelectrics with 2D layered materials. These results may unlock the potential for preparing and developing high-performance devices based on molecular ferroelectric thin films.

Bioequivalence and Pharmacokinetics Study of Two Zidovudine/Lamivudine Tablets in Chinese Healthy Volunteers.

Zidovudine/lamivudine tablets are nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors that are used to treat human immunodeficiency virus. The objective of this study was to investigate the bioequivalence and pharmacokinetics (PKs) of test and reference preparations of zidovudine/lamivudine tablets in healthy Chinese subjects. We designed a randomized, open, single-center, single-dose, 2-crossover experiment with a 7-day washout period involving 20 healthy subjects. The subjects were given a single dose of the test or reference preparation after fasting overnight for 10 hours. Blood samples were subsequently collected at scheduled time points from 0 hour (preadministration) up to 24 hours postadministration. The plasma concentrations of zidovudine and lamivudine were determined by a validated ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare differences in the mean values of key PK parameters between the 2 preparations. Bioequivalence was evaluated by 2 one-sided t-tests and 90% confidence intervals (CIs) of the geometric mean ratio (GMR). In total, 19 of the 20 subjects completed the trial. Based on the analysis of PK parameters, the relative bioavailability of zidovudine and lamivudine was 101.1% ± 2.0% and 100.3% ± 1.5%, respectively. ANOVA found no significant difference in primary PK parameters when compared between the 2 formulations, and the 90% CIs of the GMR of the 2 formulations were within the bioequivalence margins of 80%-125%. No serious adverse events occurred. Thus, we confirmed that the 2 preparations were bioequivalent in healthy Chinese volunteers. Our analysis demonstrated that both products showed good tolerance in all subjects.

Wireless Deep Brain Stimulation by Ultrasound-Responsive Molecular Piezoelectric Nanogenerators.

Implantable neural stimulation devices are becoming prevalent in bioelectronic medicine for the precise treatment of various clinical diseases. Nevertheless, the limited lifespan and buckling size of the implanted devices remain significant obstacles for chronic clinical application. In this study, we developed an ultrasound-driven battery-free neurostimulator based on a high-performance mini-sized nanogenerator and demonstrated its successful application for the deep-brain-stimulation (DBS) therapy of Parkinson's disease in a rat model. This soft piezoelectric-triboelectric hybrid nanogenerators (PTNG) are made of porous thin-films of molecular piezoelectric materials, which have great advantages of facile, scalable, low-temperature, and flexible processing. Without any bucky accessory control circuits, the subcutaneously implanted soft PTNG can function as a wirelessly powered neurostimulator, allowing for the adjustment of stimulation parameters through external programmable ultrasound pulses. This DBS electroceutical application of energy-harvesting thin-film devices based on molecular piezoelectric materials provides valuable insight into the development of a soft high-performance bioelectronic device.

Construction and evaluation of China older-adult care service smart supply chain system.

Introduction: As the aging of the population continues to deepen, the pressure on social pensions is gradually increasing, and the issue of assistance has become a problem that must be solved. With the development of science and technology, people's living standard is constantly improving. The older-adult care services expected by the older-adult are wider than meeting the basic daily needs of individuals. The current industry should also consider combining modern science and technology with the older-adult care service industry to serve older-adult better and enable older-adult care service providers to move towards the service needs that make people happier and healthier. This research is about constructing and evaluating China's older-adult care services smart supply chain. Methods: Based on the research results of previous scholars, this paper divides the Sun construction of the smart supply chain of China endowment service into four aspects: policy aspect, economic aspect, social aspect, and technical aspect; the four significant elements are divided into the first-level indicators, and 16 second-level indicators are divided under the first-level indicators. The importance and satisfaction of each evaluation index were obtained by distributing questionnaires to the managers who study the supply chain and the employees who are related to the old-age service. Results and discussion: After the reliability analysis, the importance-performance analysis (IPA) quadrant analysis chart of the evaluation index was constructed using importance-performance analysis. The index of creating a smart supply chain system for China's old-age service is given priority, the supply chain system of China's old-age care service is further improved, and the social security of China's old-age service is enlarged.